Pierre Boulez |

Pierre Boulez

Na March 2000, Pierre Boulez gbara afọ 75. Dị ka otu onye mba Britain na-akatọ iwe kwuru, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ememe ncheta na otú e si ekwu okwu banyere doxology gaara emenye ọbụna Wagner n’onwe ya ihere: “N’anya onye mba ọzọ ọ pụrụ iyi ka anyị na-ekwu banyere ezi onye nzọpụta nke ụwa egwú.”

N'akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu na akwụkwọ nkà ihe ọmụma, Boulez pụtara dị ka "onye na-ede egwú na onye nduzi French." Akụkụ ọdụm nke nsọpụrụ ahụ gara, obi abụọ adịghị ya, nye Boulez onye nduzi, onye ọrụ ya ebelatabeghị kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ. Ma Boulez dị ka onye na-ede egwú, n'ime afọ iri abụọ gara aga, o mepụtabeghị ihe ọ bụla dị ọhụrụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, mmetụta nke ọrụ ya na egwu Western mgbe agha gasịrị enweghị ike ịfefe oke.

N'afọ 1942-1945, Boulez mụụrụ Olivier Messiaen ihe, onye klas ya na Paris Conservatory ghọrọ ma eleghị anya isi "incubator" nke echiche avant-garde na Western Europe tọhapụrụ na Nazism (na-esote Boulez, ogidi ndị ọzọ nke avant-garde egwu - Karlheinz). Stockhausen, Yannis Xenakis, Jean Barrake, György Kurtág, Gilbert Ami na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ). Messiaen zigara Boulez mmasị pụrụ iche na nsogbu nke ụda ụda na ụcha ngwá ọrụ, na omenala egwú ndị Europe na-abụghị nke Europe, yana n'echiche nke ụdị nke nwere iberibe dị iche iche na-apụtaghị na mmepe na-agbanwe agbanwe. Onye ndụmọdụ nke abụọ Boulez bụ Rene Leibovitz (1913–1972), onye na-egwu egwu sitere na Poland, nwa akwụkwọ Schoenberg na Webern, onye nkuzi ama ama nke usoro usoro ụda iri na abụọ (dodecaphony); Ndị na-eto eto Europe na-egwu egwu nke ọgbọ Boulez nakweere nke ikpeazụ dị ka ezi mkpughe, dị ka ihe dị oke mkpa dị iche iche na nkwenkwe nke ụnyaahụ. Boulez gụrụ injinia serial n'okpuru Leibowitz na 1945–1946. N'oge na-adịghị anya, o mere mpụta mbụ ya na Piano Sonata nke mbụ (1946) na Sonatina for Flute and Piano (1946), ọrụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ dịtụ ntakịrị, nke emere dịka ntụziaka Schoenberg siri dị. Opuses ndị ọzọ nke Boulez bụ cantatas The Wedding Face (1946) na Sun of the Waters (1948) (ma n'amaokwu nke onye na-ede uri pụtara ìhè René Char), Piano Sonata nke abụọ (1948), Akwụkwọ maka eriri Quartet (1949). XNUMX) - emepụtara n'okpuru nkwado nke ndị nkuzi abụọ, yana Debussy na Webern. Onye na-egbuke egbuke nke onye na-ede egwú na-eto eto gosipụtara onwe ya, nke mbụ, na ọdịdị na-adịghị ahụkebe nke egwu ahụ, na udidi ya na-atụ ụjọ na ụbara nke siri ike na oge dị iche iche.

Na mmalite 1950s, Boulez ji obi ike pụọ na dodecaphony nke Schoenbergian orthodox nke Leibovitz kụziiri ya. N'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nye onye isi nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Viennese ọhụrụ, nke akpọrọ "Schoenberg anwụọla", o kwupụtara egwu Schoenberg gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na Romanticism n'ihi ya, na-adịghị mkpa, ma tinye aka na nnwale radical na "nhazi" siri ike nke ụdị egwu dị iche iche. N'ime radicalism avant-garde ya, Boulez na-eto eto na-agafe n'ụzọ doro anya mgbe ụfọdụ: ọbụlagodi ndị na-ege ntị ọkaibe nke ememme mba ụwa nke egwu ọgbara ọhụrụ na Donaueschingen, Darmstadt, Warsaw nọgidere na-enwe mmasị na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha nke oge a dị ka "Polyphony". -X" maka ngwa 18 (1951) na akwụkwọ mbụ nke Structures maka piano abụọ (1952/53). Boulez gosipụtara nkwa ya na-enweghị atụ maka usoro ọhụrụ maka ịhazi ihe ụda ọ bụghị naanị na ọrụ ya, kamakwa na isiokwu na nkwupụta. Ya mere, n'otu n'ime okwu ya na 1952, ọ mara ọkwa na onye na-ede egwú ọgbara ọhụrụ nke na-echeghị na ọ dị mkpa maka teknụzụ serial, "ọ dịghị onye chọrọ ya." Otú ọ dị, n'oge na-adịghị anya echiche ya nro n'okpuru nduzi nke maara na ọrụ nke ọ dịghị obere radical, ma ọ bụghị otú dogmatic ibe - Edgar Varese, Yannis Xenakis, Gyorgy Ligeti; emesia, Boulez ji obi ya mee egwu ha.

Ụdị Boulez dị ka onye na-ede egwú etolitela na mgbanwe dị ukwuu. N'afọ 1954, site na mkpịsị akwụkwọ ya, "Hammer enweghị Nna-ukwu" - akụkụ itoolu nke ụda olu maka contralto, alto flute, xylorimba (xylophone na ogologo ogologo), vibraphone, ụda, guitar na viola na okwu site na René Char. . Enweghị ihe ngosi na Hammer n'echiche nke mbụ; N'otu oge ahụ, dum set nke parameters nke ụda ákwà nke ọrụ kpebisiri ike site echiche nke seriality, nke na-agọnahụ ọ bụla omenala ụdị nke mgbe nile na mmepe ma na-ekwusi ike pụta ụwa uru nke onye oge na isi ihe nke musical oge- oghere. A na-ekpebi ikuku timbre pụrụ iche nke okirikiri site na nchikota nke olu nwanyị dị ala na ngwa dị nso na ndekọ aha ya (alto).

N'ebe ụfọdụ, mmetụta dị egwu na-apụta, na-echeta ụda nke egwuregwu egwuregwu Indonesian omenala (ndị na-egwu egwu egwu), ngwá ọrụ eriri nke Japanese koto, wdg Igor Stravinsky, bụ onye nwere ekele maka ọrụ a nke ukwuu, jiri ụda ikuku ya tụnyere ụda nke ice crystals na-eti ihe. megide iko mgbidi mgbidi. Hammer abanyela n'akụkọ ihe mere eme dị ka otu n'ime ihe kacha mara mma, nke na-adịghị mma, na-enweghị atụ, akara ngosi site na ọmarịcha ụbọchị nke "Great Avant-garde".

A na-akọcha egwu ọhụrụ, karịsịa nke a na-akpọ egwu avant-garde, n'ihi enweghị abụ ya. N'ihe gbasara Boulez, nkọcha dị otú ahụ bụ, n'ikwu ya n'ụzọ doro anya, ezighị ezi. Ngosipụta pụrụ iche nke abụ abụ ya kpebisiri ike site na mgbanwe na-agbanwe agbanwe ma na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-ezere usoro ihe atụ na nke ugboro ugboro, ọgaranya na ọkaibe melismatics. Site na “iwu” ezi uche dị na ya, ahịrị egwu Boulez abụghị nkụ na enweghị ndụ, mana plastik na ọbụna mara mma. Ụdị ụda olu Boulez, bụ nke weere ọnọdụ na opuses sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke uri mara mma nke René Char, mepụtara na "Mmelite Abụọ mgbe Mallarmé gasịrị" maka soprano, ukwe na ụbọ akwara na ederede nke sonnets abụọ site n'aka onye nnọchianya French (1957). Boulez mechara gbakwunye nkwalite nke atọ maka soprano na ndị egwu egwu (1959), yana mmeghe mmeghe nke akụrụngwa “Onyinye” na nnukwu egwu egwu egwu nwere coda “Tomb” (ha abụọ bụ egwu Mallarme; 1959-1962) . Usoro ngagharị ngagharị ise a rụpụtara, akpọrọ “Pli selon pli” (nke akpọrọ “Fold by Fold”) na nke akpọrọ “Portrait of Mallarme” bụ nke mbụ emere na 1962. Aha aha pụtara n'okwu a bụ ihe dị ka nke a: ákwà mkpuchi nke a tụbara n'elu ihe osise nke onye na-ede uri ji nwayọọ nwayọọ, na-apịaji site n'ogige atụrụ, daa ka egwu na-apụta. Okirikiri “Pli selon pli”, nke na-ewe ihe dị ka otu awa, ka bụ akara kachasi mkpa nke onye dere ya. N'adịghị ka mmasị nke onye edemede, ọ ga-amasị m ịkpọ ya "egwu egwu egwu": ọ kwesịrị ekwesị aha ụdị a, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ naanị n'ihi na ọ nwere usoro mmepụta egwu nke njikọ egwu egwu dị n'etiti akụkụ ma na-adabere na isi ihe dị egwu ma dị irè.

Dị ka ị maara, ọnọdụ dị egwu nke uri Mallarmé nwere mmasị pụrụ iche maka Debussy na Ravel.

N'ịbụ onye na-akwụ ụtụ maka akụkụ nke onye na-ede uri na The Fold, Boulez lekwasịrị anya n'ihe okike ya kachasị ịtụnanya - akwụkwọ a na-ebipụtabeghị nke ọma, nke "echiche ọ bụla bụ mpịakọta ọkpụkpụ" na nke, n'ozuzu ya, yiri ya. “mgbasa nke kpakpando na-akpaghị aka”, ya bụ, nwere nke kwụụrụ onwe ya, ọ bụghị n'usoro n'usoro, kama n'ime iberibe nka ejikọrọ ọnụ. "Akwụkwọ" nke Mallarmé nyere Boulez echiche nke ihe a na-akpọ ụdị mkpanaka ma ọ bụ "ọrụ na-aga n'ihu" (na Bekee - "ọrụ na-aga n'ihu"). Ahụmahụ mbụ nke ụdị a na ọrụ Boulez bụ Piano Sonata nke atọ (1957); Enwere ike ịme akụkụ ya ("formants") na akụkụ nke ọ bụla n'ime ngalaba n'usoro ọ bụla, mana otu n'ime usoro ("constellation") ga-abụrịrị na etiti. Sonata sochiri ya bụ Figures-Doubles-Prismes for orchestra (1963), Domaines for clarinet na isii ìgwè ngwá ọrụ (1961-1968) na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ opuses ka na-mgbe niile na-enyocha ma dezie site na-ede egwú, ebe ọ bụ na ụkpụrụ ha. enweghị ike imecha. Otu n'ime akara ngosi Boulez ole na ole na-adịbeghị anya nwere ụdị e nyere bụ "Ememme" nke ọkara elekere maka nnukwu ndị egwú (1975), nke a raara nye na ebe nchekwa nke onye na-ede egwú Ịtali a ma ama, onye nkụzi na onye nduzi Bruno Maderna (1920-1973).

Site na mmalite nke ọrụ ọkachamara ya, Boulez chọpụtara nkà nhazi pụtara ìhè. Laa azụ na 1946, o weghaara ọkwa onye isi egwu nke ihe nkiri Paris Marigny (The'a ^ tre Marigny), onye omee na onye isi a ma ama bụ Jean-Louis Barraud duziri. Na 1954, n'okpuru nlekọta nke ihe nkiri ahụ, Boulez, tinyere German Scherkhen na Piotr Suvchinsky, tọrọ ntọala concert nzukọ "Domain musical" ("The Domain of Music"), nke ọ na-eduzi ruo 1967. Ebumnuche ya bụ ịkwalite oge ochie na egwu ọgbara ọhụrụ, na ngalaba egwu egwu ụlọ egwu Domain Musical ghọrọ ihe atụ maka ọtụtụ ensembles na-eme egwu nke narị afọ nke XNUMX. N'okpuru nduzi nke Boulez, na mgbe e mesịrị nwa akwụkwọ ya Gilbert Amy, Domaine Musical Orchestra dere na ndekọ ọtụtụ ọrụ site ọhụrụ composers, si Schoenberg, Webern na Varese ka Xenakis, Boulez n'onwe ya na ndị otu ya.

Kemgbe afọ iri isii, Boulez akwalitela ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-eduzi opera na onye na-ahụ maka egwu nke ụdị "nkịtị", ọ bụghị ọkachamara na arụmọrụ nke egwu oge ochie na nke oge a. N'ihi ya, arụpụtaghị Boulez dị ka onye na-ede egwú jụrụ nke ukwuu, na mgbe "Ememem" kwụsịrị ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Otu n'ime ihe kpatara nke a, yana mmepe nke ọrụ onye nduzi, bụ ọrụ siri ike na nhazi na Paris nke nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ maka egwu ọhụrụ - Institute of Musical and Acoustic Research, IRCAM. Na ọrụ nke IRCAM, nke Boulez bụ director ruo 1992, abụọ kadịnal ntụziaka pụtara: nkwalite nke ọhụrụ music na mmepe nke elu ụda synthesis teknụzụ. Ihe omume ọha mbụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ okirikiri nke egwu egwu 70 nke narị afọ 1977 (1992). N'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, e nwere otu ndị na-eme egwuregwu "Ensemble InterContemporain" ("International Contemporary Music Ensemble"). N'oge dị iche iche, ndị nduzi dị iche iche na-eduzi mgbakọ ahụ (ebe ọ bụ na 1982, onye England bụ David Robertson), ma ọ bụ Boulez bụ onye na-ahụ maka nkà na ụzụ nke a na-ahụkarị ma ọ bụ nke ọkara. Ebe teknụzụ IRCAM, nke gụnyere akụrụngwa na-emepụta ụda nke ọgbara ọhụrụ, bụ nke emere ka ndị na-ede ihe si n'akụkụ ụwa niile nweta; Boulez jiri ya mee ihe n'ọtụtụ opuses, nke kacha pụta ìhè bụ "Responsorium" maka nchịkọta ngwá ọrụ na ụda arụpụtara na kọmputa (1990). N'ime narị afọ nke XNUMX, arụpụtara nnukwu ọrụ Boulez ọzọ na Paris - egwu egwu Cite' de la musique, ụlọ ihe ngosi nka na ogige agụmakwụkwọ. Ọtụtụ ndị kwenyere na mmetụta Boulez nwere na egwu French dị oke oke, na IRCAM ya bụ ụlọ ọrụ ụdị otu nke na-azụlite ụdị egwu agụmakwụkwọ nke ogologo oge tụfuru mkpa ya na mba ndị ọzọ. Ọzọkwa, oke ọnụnọ nke Boulez na ndụ egwu nke France na-akọwa eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị na-ede egwú French nke oge a bụ ndị na-abụghị akụkụ nke Boulezian, yana ndị na-eduzi French nke etiti na ọgbọ na-eto eto, adịghị eme ka ọrụ mba ụwa sie ike. Mana ọ bụrụ na ọ nwere ike, Boulez bụ onye ama ama na ikike zuru oke, na-eleghara mwakpo dị egwu anya, nọgide na-arụ ọrụ ya, ma ọ bụ, ọ bụrụ na-amasị gị, gbasoo amụma ya.

Ọ bụrụ na, dị ka onye na-ede egwú na onye na-agụ egwú, Boulez na-akpali àgwà siri ike n'ebe onwe ya nọ, mgbe ahụ, Boulez dị ka onye nduzi nwere ike iji obi ike na-akpọ otu n'ime ndị nnọchiteanya kasị ukwuu nke ọrụ a na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịdị adị ya. Boulez enwetaghị agụmakwụkwọ pụrụ iche, na okwu ndị na-eduzi usoro, ọ gwara ndị na-eduzi ọgbọ ochie na-etinye aka na egwu egwu ọhụrụ - Roger Desormière, Herman Scherchen na Hans Rosbaud (mgbe e mechara onye na-eme ihe nkiri mbụ nke “The Hammer na-enweghị a). Nna-ukwu" na abụọ mbụ "Mmezi dị ka Mallarme si kwuo"). N'adịghị ka ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị nduzi "kpakpando" ndị ọzọ nke taa, Boulez malitere dị ka onye ntụgharị nke egwu ọgbara ọhụrụ, nke kachasị nke ya, yana onye nkụzi ya bụ Messiaen. N'ime oge ochie nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ, egwu egwu Debussy, Schoenberg, Berg, Webern, Stravinsky (oge Russia), Varese, Bartok na-achịkwa akụkọ ya. A na-ekpebi nhọrọ nke Boulez ọ bụghị site na nso nso nke mmụọ n'ebe otu onye ma ọ bụ onye ọzọ na-ede akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ịhụnanya maka egwu a ma ọ bụ nke ahụ, kama site na ntụle nke usoro nkuzi ebumnobi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, o kwetara n'ihu ọha na n'etiti ọrụ Schoenberg e nwere ndị na-adịghị amasị ya, ma ọ na-ewere ya na ọ bụ ọrụ ya ịrụ, ebe ọ bụ na ọ maara nke ọma ihe akụkọ ihe mere eme na nkà ha. Otú ọ dị, ntachi obi dị otú ahụ adịghị agbatị ndị edemede niile, bụ ndị na-agụnyekarị na oge ochie nke egwu ọhụrụ: Boulez ka na-ewere Prokofiev na Hindemith ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-ede egwú nke abụọ, Shostakovich bụkwa nke atọ (n'agbanyeghị, nke ID kwuru. Glikman n'akwụkwọ "Letters to enyi" akụkọ banyere otú Boulez susuru Shostakovich aka na New York bụ apocryphal; n'ezie, o yikarịrị ka ọ bụghị Boulez, ma Leonard Bernstein, a maara nke ọma hụrụ ndị dị otú ahụ nkiri mmegharị ahụ).

Otu n'ime oge dị mkpa na akụkọ ndụ Boulez dị ka onye nduzi bụ mmepụta ihe ịga nke ọma nke Alban Berg's opera Wozzeck na Paris Opera (1963). Ọrụ a, nke nwere ọmarịcha Walter Berry na Isabelle Strauss, bụ CBS dekọtara ma dị maka ndị na-ege ntị ọgbara ọhụrụ na diski Sony Classical discs. Site n'ịmepụta ihe na-akpali akpali, nke ka dị ọhụrụ na nke ọhụrụ maka oge ahụ, opera na nnukwu ụlọ ihe nkiri, bụ nke a na-ewere dị ka Ụlọ ihe nkiri Grand Opera, Boulez ghọtara echiche ya kachasị amasị ya nke ijikọ usoro agụmakwụkwọ na nke ọgbara ọhụrụ. Site ebe a, mmadụ nwere ike ịsị, malitere ọrụ Boulez dị ka Kapellmeister nke ụdị "nkịtị". N'afọ 1966, Wieland Wagner, nwa nwa onye na-ede egwú, onye na-ahụ maka opera na onye njikwa mara maka echiche na-ezighị ezi na nke na-emekarị ihe na-emegiderịta onwe ya, kpọrọ Boulez na Bayreuth ka o duzie Parsifal. Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, na njem nke Bayreuth troupe na Japan, Boulez duziri Tristan und Isolde (enwere ndekọ vidiyo nke arụmọrụ a nke na-egosi ihe atụ 1960 Wagner di na nwunye Birgit Nilsson na Wolfgang Windgassen; Legato Classics LCV 005, 2 VHS); 1967 VHS. .

Ruo 1978, Boulez laghachiri ugboro ugboro na Bayreuth ime Parsifal, na njedebe nke ọrụ Bayreuth ya bụ ncheta (na 100th ncheta nke premiere) mmepụta nke Der Ring des Nibelungen na 1976; ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi ụwa kpọsara mmepụta a n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka "Mgbanaka nke Century". Na Bayreuth, Boulez duziri tetralogy maka afọ anọ na-esote, na ihe omume ya (na ntụziaka mkpali nke Patrice Chereau, bụ onye chọrọ ime ka usoro ahụ dị ọhụrụ) dekọrọ na diski na kaseti vidiyo nke Philips (12 CD: 434 421-2 - 434 432-2; 7 VHS: 070407-3; 1981).

Afọ iri asaa na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke opera bụ ihe omume ọzọ dị mkpa nke Boulez na-etinye aka na ya: n'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1979, na ogbo nke Paris Opera, n'okpuru nduzi ya, ihe ngosi ụwa nke ụdị opera Berg zuru ezu nke Lulu. mere (dị ka a maara, Berg nwụrụ, na-ahapụ akụkụ ka ukwuu nke atọ omume nke opera na sketches; ọrụ na ha orchestration, nke ghọrọ omume nanị mgbe ọnwụ nke Berg di ya nwụrụ, e rụrụ site Austrian dere na onye nduzi. Friedrich Cerha). A kwadoro mmepụta Shero n'ụdị agụụ mmekọahụ ọkaibe maka onye isi a, nke, agbanyeghị, dabara nke ọma na opera Berg na heroine hypersexual ya.

Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ ndị a, ihe ngosi operatic Boulez gụnyere Debussy's Pelléas et Mélisande, Bartók's Castle of Duke Bluebeard, Schoenberg's Moses na Aaron. Enweghị Verdi na Puccini na ndepụta a na-egosi, ọ bụghị ịkọ Mozart na Rossini. Boulez, n'oge dị iche iche, egosipụtala ugboro ugboro àgwà nkatọ ya n'ebe ụdị operatic dị ka; dị ka ọ dị, ihe dị n'ezie, ndị na-eduzi opera a mụrụ bụ ihe dị iche na ọdịdị nka ya. Ihe ndekọ opera nke Boulez na-ewepụtakarị echiche na-edoghị anya: n'otu aka ahụ, ha na-amata ụdị "akara ngosi" nke ụdị Boulez dị ka ịdọ aka ná ntị kachasị elu, nhazi nke ọma nke mmekọrịta niile na kwụ ọtọ na kwụ ọtọ, doro anya na-enweghị atụ, nkọwa dị iche iche ọbụna n'ụdị ederede kachasị mgbagwoju anya. ikpo, ya na nke ọzọ bụ na nhọrọ nke ndị na-agụ egwú mgbe ụfọdụ na-ahapụ n'ụzọ doro anya ọtụtụ ihe a chọrọ. Ndekọ studio nke “Pelléas et Mélisande”, nke emere na ngwụcha 1960 site na CBS, bụ njirimara: ọrụ Pelléas, nke ezubere maka nnukwu baritone French, nke a na-akpọ baritone-Martin (mgbe onye ọbụ abụ JB gasịrị. Martin, 1768 – 1837), n'ihi ihe ụfọdụ e nyefere ya n'aka onye na-agbanwe agbanwe, mana n'ụzọ dị nro kama ezughị oke maka ọrụ ya, tenor dị egwu George Shirley. Ndị isi soloists nke "Mgbanaka nke Century" - Gwyneth Jones (Brünnhilde), Donald McIntyre (Wotan), Manfred Jung (Siegfried), Jeannine Altmeyer (Sieglinde), Peter Hoffman (Siegmund) - na-anabatakarị, ma ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ: ha enweghị onye na-egbuke egbuke. Enwere ike ikwu karịa ma ọ bụ obere otu ihe ahụ gbasara ndị protagonists nke "Parsifal", nke edere na Bayreuth na 1970 - James King (Parsifal), otu McIntyre (Gurnemanz) na Jones (Kundry). Teresa Stratas bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-agụ egwu pụtara ìhè, mana ọ naghị agụgharị akụkụ agbamume ndị dị mgbagwoju anya na Lulu n'ụzọ ziri ezi. N'otu oge ahụ, mmadụ enweghị ike ịghara ịhụ ọmarịcha ụda olu na nka egwu nke ndị sonyere na ndekọ nke abụọ nke Bartok's "Duke Bluebeard's Castle" nke Boulez mere - Jesse Norman na Laszlo Polgara (DG 447 040-2; 1994).

Tupu eduga IRCAM na Entercontamporen Ensemble, Boulez bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke Cleveland Orchestra (1970-1972), British Broadcasting Corporation Symphony Orchestra (1971-1974) na New York Philharmonic Orchestra (1971-1977). Site na ìgwè ndị a, o mere ọtụtụ ndekọ maka CBS, ugbu a Sony Classical, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ, na-enweghị ikwubiga okwu ókè, uru na-adịgide adịgide. Nke mbụ, nke a na-emetụta mkpokọta nke ọrụ egwu nke Debussy (na diski abụọ) na Ravel (na diski atọ).

Na nkọwa nke Boulez, a music, na-enweghị adịkwa ihe ọ bụla na okwu nke amara, nro nke mgbanwe, iche iche na ukpụhọde nke timbre na agba, na-ekpughe crystal nghọta na ịdị ọcha nke ahịrị, na n'ebe ụfọdụ nakwa indomitable rhythmic mgbali na mbara symphonic iku ume. Ezigbo ihe osise nke nka nka gụnyere ndekọ nke Mandarin Wonderful, Music for Strings, Percussion na Celesta, Bartók's Concerto for Orchestra, Pieces Five for Orchestra, Serenade, Schoenberg's Orchestral Variations, na ụfọdụ akara nke nwa okorobịa Stravinsky (agbanyeghị, Stravinsky n'onwe ya). Obi adịghị amasị ya na ndekọ mbụ nke The Rite of Spring, na-ekwu maka ya dị ka nke a: "Nke a dị njọ karịa ka m tụrụ anya ya, ịmara ọkwa dị elu nke ụkpụrụ Maestro Boulez"), Varese's América na Arcana, ihe niile nke Webern's orchestral dere…

Dị ka onye nkuzi ya Hermann Scherchen, Boulez anaghị eji baton ma na-eme ihe n'ụzọ kpachapụrụ anya, dị ka azụmahịa, nke - yana aha ya maka ide oyi, distilled, na mgbakọ na mwepụ - na-enye echiche ndị a ma ama banyere ya dị ka onye na-eme ihe ngosi. ebumnobi ụlọ nkwakọba ihe, ruru eru na a pụrụ ịdabere na , ma kama akọrọ (ọbụna ya enweghị atụ nkọwa nke Impressionists na-katọ maka ịbụ gabiga ókè graphic na, dị ka a pụrụ isi kwuo ya, ezughị ezu "mpressionistic"). Ntụle dị otú ahụ ezughị oke na oke onyinye Boulez. N'ịbụ onye ndu nke ndị egwu egwu ndị a, Boulez rụrụ ọ bụghị naanị Wagner na egwu nke narị afọ 4489, kamakwa Haydn, Beethoven, Schubert, Berlioz, Liszt… ụlọ ọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụlọ ọrụ Memories wepụtara Schumann's Scenes si Faust (HR 90/7), rụrụ na March 1973, 425 na London na nsonye nke BBC Choir na Orchestra na Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau na aha aha (n'ụzọ, obere oge. tupu nke a, onye na-agụ egwú rụrụ na "ọkwa" dekọrọ Faust na ụlọ ọrụ Decca (705 2-1972; XNUMX) n'okpuru nduzi nke Benjamin Britten - onye nchọpụta n'ezie na narị afọ nke iri abụọ nke njedebe a, na-enweghị isi na àgwà, ma n'ebe ụfọdụ. amamiihe Schumann akara). N'ebe dị anya site na àgwà nlereanya nke ndekọ ahụ adịghị egbochi anyị ịghọta ịdị ebube nke echiche na izu okè nke mmejuputa ya; onye na-ege ntị nwere ike ịnyaụfụ naanị ndị ahụ nwere chi ọma bụ ndị rutere n'ụlọ egwu egwu mgbede ahụ. Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Boulez na Fischer-Dieskau - ndị na-egwu egwu, ọ ga-adị ka, dị iche iche na nkà - na-ahapụ ihe ọ bụla a chọrọ. Ọnọdụ ọnwụ Faust na-ada ụda na ọkwa kachasị elu nke pathos, yana n'okwu ndị a "Verweile doch, du bist so schon" ("Oh, lee ka ị si dị ebube, chere ntakịrị!" - nke B. Pasternak sụgharịrị), echiche efu. A na-enweta oge nkwụsịtụ n'ụzọ dị ịtụnanya.

Dị ka onye isi nke IRCAM na Ensemble Entercontamporen, Boulez na-akwụ ụgwọ dị ukwuu na egwu kachasị ọhụrụ.

Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nke Messiaen na nke ya, ọ na-etinyekarị mmasị na mmemme ya egwu Elliot Carter, György Ligeti, György Kurtág, Harrison Birtwistle, ndị na-eto eto na-ede egwú nke IRCAM okirikiri. Ọ bụ ma na-aga n'ihu na-enwe obi abụọ banyere minimalism fashionable na "dị mfe ọhụrụ", na-atụnyere ha na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ngwa ngwa: "dị mma, mana enweghị mmasị kpamkpam." N'ịkatọ egwu rock maka primitivism, maka "oke echiche efu na clichés", ọ ghọtara na ya "dị mkpa" dị mma; na 1984, ọ ọbụna dekọrọ na Ensemble Entercontamporen disc "The Perfect Stranger" na egwu nke Frank Zappa (EMI). Na 1989, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta pụrụ iche na Deutsche Grammophon, afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị hapụ ọrụ ọchịchị ya dị ka onye isi nke IRCAM iji tinye onwe ya kpam kpam na nhazi na ihe ngosi dị ka onye nduzi ọbịa. Na Deutsche Grammo-phon, Boulez weputara mkpokọta egwu egwu egwu nke Debussy, Ravel, Bartok, Webburn (ya na Cleveland, Berlin Philharmonic, Chicago Symphony na London Symphony Orchestras); ma e wezụga ịdị mma nke ndekọ ahụ, ha adịghị elu karịa akwụkwọ CBS gara aga. Akwụkwọ akụkọ pụtara ìhè gụnyere abụ nke Ecstasy, Piano Concerto na Prometheus nke Scriabin (pianist Anatoly Ugorsky bụ onye soloist na ọrụ abụọ ikpeazụ); I, IV-VII na IX Symphonies na Mahler "Abụ nke Ụwa"; Symphonies nke Bruckner VIII na IX; "Otú a na-ekwu Zarathustra" nke R. Strauss dere. N'ime Mahler nke Boulez, ihe atụ, ịmamma mpụta, ikekwe, na-emeri n'okwu na ọchịchọ ikpughe omimi metaphysical. Ndekọ nke Symphony nke asatọ nke Bruckner, nke ya na Vienna Philharmonic mere n'oge ememme Bruckner na 1996, mara mma nke ukwuu na ọ dịghịkwa ala karịa nkọwa nke "Brucknerians" amụrụ n'ihe gbasara ọmarịcha ụda na-ewuli elu, ịdị ebube nke njedebe. Ngosipụta bara ụba nke ahịrị dị ụtọ, nkụda mmụọ na scherzo na ntụgharị uche dị mma n'okwu a. N'otu oge ahụ, Boulez anaghị arụ ọrụ ebube wee wepụta atụmatụ nke ụdị Bruckner, enweghị obi ebere dị mkpa nke usoro na ikwughachi ostinato. N'ịchọ ịmata ihe, n'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, Boulez emewo ka o doo anya n'ụzọ doro anya àgwà ọjọọ ọ na-akpabu n'ebe Stravinsky si "neoclassical" opuses; otu n'ime diski ya kacha mma n'oge na-adịbeghị anya gụnyere Symphony of Psalms na Symphony na mmegharị atọ (ya na Berlin Radio Choir na Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra). E nwere olileanya na nso nke nna ukwu mmasị ga-anọgide na-amụba, na, onye maara, ma eleghị anya, anyị ka ga-anụ ọrụ Verdi, Puccini, Prokofiev na Shostakovich rụrụ ya.

Levon Hakopyan, 2001