Omenala egwu nke romanticism: aesthetics, themes, Genres and musical language

Zweig kwuru eziokwu: Europe ahụbeghị ụdị ọmarịcha ọgbọ dị ka ịhụnanya kemgbe Renaissance. Ihe oyiyi magburu onwe ya nke ụwa nrọ, mmetụta gba ọtọ na ọchịchọ nke ime mmụọ dị elu - ndị a bụ agba ndị na-ese omenala egwú nke ịhụnanya.

Mmalite nke romanticism na aesthetics ya

Mgbe mgbanwe nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nọ na-ewere ọnọdụ na Europe, olileanya e nwere na Great French Revolution dara n'ime obi ndị Europe. Okpukpe nke echiche, nke Age of Enlightenment kpọsara, kwaturu. Okpukpe nke mmetụta na ụkpụrụ okike dị n'ime mmadụ arịgoro na pedestal.

Nke a bụ otú ịhụnanya ịhụnanya siri pụta. N'omenala egwu, ọ dị obere ihe karịrị otu narị afọ (1800-1910), ebe n'akụkụ ndị metụtara ya (eserese na akwụkwọ) okwu ya agwụla ọkara narị afọ gara aga. Ikekwe egwu bụ "ịta ụta" maka nke a - ọ bụ egwu dị n'elu n'etiti nka n'etiti romantics dị ka ihe kachasị ime mmụọ na nke nnwere onwe nke nkà.

Otú ọ dị, romantics, n'adịghị ka ndị nnọchiteanya nke oge ochie na classicism, emeghị ka ndị isi nke nkà na nkewa doro anya ya na ụdị na ụdị. Usoro ịhụnanya bụ eluigwe na ala; nka nwere ike gbanwee onwe ya kpamkpam. Echiche nke njikọ nka bụ otu n'ime isi ihe na omenala egwu nke romanticism.

Mmekọrịta a na-emetụtakwa ụdị nke aesthetics: ihe mara mma jikọtara ya na ihe jọrọ njọ, nke dị elu na isi, ihe dị egwu na ihe ọchị. A na-ejikọta mgbanwe ndị dị otú ahụ site na ịhụnanya ịhụnanya, nke gosipụtara foto zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ụwa.

Ihe niile metụtara ịma mma nwere ihe ọhụrụ pụtara n'etiti ndị romantics. Ọdịdị ghọrọ ihe a na-efe ofufe, a na-asọpụrụ onye na-ese ihe dị ka onye kasị elu nke mmadụ, na mmetụta ndị e buliri elu n'ihi ihe kpatara ya.

E were ọdịiche dị n'eziokwu na-enweghị mmụọ na nrọ, mara mma ma a na-apụghị iru ya. The ihunanya, site n'enyemaka nke ya pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche, wuru ya ọhụrụ ụwa, n'adịghị ka ndị ọzọ eziokwu.

Kedu isiokwu ndị omenkà ịhụnanya họọrọ?

Mmasị nke romantics gosipụtara n'ụzọ doro anya na nhọrọ nke isiokwu ha họọrọ na nkà.

• Isiokwu owu ọmụma. Onye ama ama ama ama ma ọ bụ onye owu na-ama na ọha mmadụ - ndị a bụ isi okwu n'etiti ndị na-ede uri nke oge a ("Ịhụnanya nke Poet" nke Schumann, "Enweghị Anyanwụ" nke Mussorgsky).
• Isiokwu nke "nkwupụta nke egwu egwu". N'ọtụtụ opuses nke ndị na-ede egwú ịhụnanya, enwere mmetụ nke akụkọ ndụ ("Carnival" nke Schumann, "Symphony Fantastique" nke Berlioz dere).
• Isiokwu ịhụnanya. N'ụzọ bụ isi, nke a bụ isiokwu nke ịhụnanya na-enweghị atụ ma ọ bụ dị egwu, ma ọ bụchaghị ("Ịhụnanya na Ndụ nke Nwanyị" nke Schumann, "Romeo na Juliet" site na Tchaikovsky).
• Isiokwu Ụzọ. A na-akpọkwa ya isiokwu nke wanders. Mkpụrụ obi ịhụnanya, nke esemokwu gbawara agbawa, nọ na-achọ ụzọ ya ("Harold na Italy" nke Berlioz dere, "The Years of Wandering" nke Liszt dere).
• Isiokwu ọnwụ. N'ụzọ bụ isi, ọ bụ ọnwụ ime mmụọ (Symphony nke isii nke Tchaikovsky, Schubert's Winterreise).
• Isiokwu okike. Nature n'anya nke ihunanya na nne na-echebe, na enyi ọmịiko, na ntaramahụhụ akara aka ("The Hebrides" nke Mendelssohn, "Na Central Asia" site Borodin). Okpukpe nke ala nna (polonaises na ballads nke Chopin) jikọtara ya na isiokwu a.
• Isiokwu fantasy. Ụwa a na-eche n'echiche maka romantics dị nnọọ ọgaranya karịa nke dị adị ("The Magic Shooter" nke Weber, "Sadko" site Rimsky-Korsakov).

Ụdị egwu nke oge ịhụnanya

Omenala egwu nke ihunanya nyere mkpali maka mmepe nke ụdị egwu egwu ụlọ: (“The Forest King” nke Schubert), (“The Maiden of the Lake” nke Schubert) na, na-ejikọta ya na (“Myrtles” nke Schumann dere. ).

e mere ka ọ bụghị naanị site na ọdịdị dị egwu nke nkata ahụ, kamakwa site na njikọ siri ike n'etiti okwu, egwu na ihe omume ogbo. A na-egwu egwu opera. O zuru ezu icheta "Mgbanaka nke Nibelungs" nke Wagner nwere netwọkụ nke leitmotifs mepere emepe.

N'etiti ụdị ngwá ọrụ, a na-ahụta ịhụnanya. Iji gosi otu onyonyo ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ nwa oge, obere egwuregwu ezuru ha. N'agbanyeghị ọnụ ọgụgụ ya, egwuregwu ahụ na-egosipụta nkwupụta. Ọ nwere ike ịbụ (dị ka Mendelssohn), ma ọ bụ jiri utu aha mmemme egwuri egwu ("The Rush" nke Schumann).

Dị ka egwu, a na-ejikọta egwuregwu mgbe ụfọdụ n'ime okirikiri ("Butterflies" nke Schumann dere). N'otu oge ahụ, akụkụ nke okirikiri, nke na-egbuke egbuke, na-emepụta otu ihe mgbe niile n'ihi njikọ egwu.

Ndị Romantics hụrụ egwu mmemme n'anya, nke jikọtara ya na akwụkwọ, eserese ma ọ bụ nka ndị ọzọ. Ya mere, nkata na ọrụ ha na-achịkwakarị ụdị ahụ. Sonatas otu mmegharị (Liszt's B small sonata), concertos otu mmegharị (Liszt's First Piano Concerto) na abụ egwu (Liszt's Preludes), na egwu mmegharị ise (Symphony Fantastique Berlioz) pụtara.

Asụsụ egwu nke ndị na-ede egwú ịhụnanya

Ngwakọta nka, nke ndị romantics na-eto, na-emetụta ụzọ nke okwu egwu. Egwú a aghọwo onye ọ bụla, na-enwe mmetụta maka uri nke okwu ahụ, na nsonye ahụ akwụsịla ịnọpụ iche na nke a na-ahụkarị na ederede.

Emebere nkwekọrịta ahụ na agba na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ya iji kọọ ahụmahụ nke dike ịhụnanya. Ya mere, mmetụta ịhụnanya nke languor gosipụtara nkwekọ gbanwere nke ọma nke mere ka esemokwu dịkwuo elu. Romantics hụrụ mmetụta nke chiaroscuro n'anya, mgbe ndị isi nọchiri anya obere nke otu aha ahụ, na ụda nke nzọụkwụ n'akụkụ, na ntụnyere mara mma nke tonalities. Achọpụtakwara mmetụta ọhụrụ n'ụdị okike, ọkachasị mgbe ọ dị mkpa ibuga mmụọ ndị mmadụ ma ọ bụ onyonyo mara mma na egwu.

N'ozuzu, abụ olu ụtọ nke romantics gbalịsiri ike ịnọgide na-enwe ọganihu, jụ imeghachi ihe ọ bụla na-akpaghị aka, na-ezere mgbe nile nke ụda olu na ume nkwupụta n'ebumnobi ọ bụla. Na ederede aghọwo njikọ dị mkpa nke na ọrụ ya yiri ọrụ nke abụ olu ụtọ.

Gee ntị ihe ọmarịcha mazurka Chopin nwere!

Kama nkwubi okwu

Omenala egwu nke romanticism na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 19 na 20 nwere ihe ịrịba ama mbụ nke nsogbu. Ụdị egwu "free" malitere ịla n'iyi, nkwekọ na-achịkwa egwu egwu, mmetụta dị egwu nke mkpụrụ obi ịhụnanya nyere ohere egwu na-egbu mgbu na agụụ mmekọahụ.

Usoro ndị a na-ebibi ihe wetara Romanticism na njedebe ma meghee ụzọ maka Modernism. Ma, ebe ọ kwụsịrị dị ka mmegharị ahụ, ịhụnanya ịhụnanya nọgidere na-ebi ma na egwu nke narị afọ nke 20 ma na egwu nke narị afọ ugbu a na akụkụ ya dị iche iche. Blok kwuru eziokwu mgbe o kwuru na ịhụnanya na-ebilite “n'oge niile nke ndụ mmadụ.”