Heitor Villa-Lobos |

Hector Villa-Lobos

Vila Lobos na-anọgide na-abụ otu n'ime ndị ama ama nke egwu oge a na mpako kasị ukwuu nke obodo nke mụrụ ya. P. Casals

Onye na-ede egwú Brazil, onye nduzi, onye na-agụ akụkọ, onye nkụzi na egwu egwu na ọha na eze E. Vila Lobos bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ede egwú na mbụ nke narị afọ nke XNUMX. V. Maryse dere, sị: “Vila Lobos kere egwú mba Brazil, ọ kpalitere mmasị n'akụkọ ifo n'etiti ndị ya na ha dịkọrọ ndụ ma tọọ ntọala siri ike nke ndị na-eto eto bụ́ ndị Brazil na-ede egwú ga-eji wuo Ụlọ Nsọ mara mma.

Onye na-ede egwú n'ọdịnihu nwetara echiche egwu mbụ ya site n'aka nna ya, onye na-ahụ egwu egwu na-ekpo ọkụ na ezigbo onye na-amu amu. Ọ kụziiri Heitor na-eto eto otú e si agụ egwu na otú e si akpọ cello. Mgbe ahụ, onye na-ede egwú n'ọdịnihu nwere onwe ya maara ọtụtụ ngwá egwú egwú Site na afọ 16, Vila Lobos malitere ndụ onye na-agụ egwú na-eme njem. Naanị ya ma ọ bụ ya na otu ndị na-ese ihe na-eme njem, ya na onye na-eso ya mgbe nile - guitar, ọ na-agagharị na mba ahụ, na-egwuri egwu na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na sinima, na-amụ ndụ ndị mmadụ, omenala, na-anakọta ma dekọọ egwu ndị mmadụ na egwu egwu. Ọ bụ ya mere na n’ime ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-agụ egwú na-arụ, abụ ndị mmadụ na egwú ndị ọ haziri na-ejupụta ebe dị ịrịba ama.

Enweghị ike ịgụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu, na-ezuteghị nkwado nke ọchịchọ egwu ya na ezinụlọ ya, Vila Lobos mụtara ihe ndị bụ isi nke nkà ndị ọkachamara ọkachamara bụ n'ihi nnukwu nkà ya, ntachi obi, nraranye, na ọbụna ọmụmụ ihe dị mkpirikpi na F. Braga na E. Oswald.

Paris rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ndụ na ọrụ nke Vila Lobos. N'ebe a, ebe ọ bụ na 1923, ọ ka mma dị ka onye na-ede egwú. Nzukọ na M. Ravel, M. de Falla, S. Prokofiev na ndị ọzọ na-agụ egwú a ma ama nwere mmetụta ụfọdụ na nguzobe nke ihe okike nke onye na-ede egwú. N'ime afọ 20. ọ na-ede ọtụtụ ihe, na-enye egwu egwu, na-eme oge ọ bụla n'oge ala nna ya dị ka onye nduzi, na-arụ ọrụ nke ya site na ndị na-ede egwú Europe dịkọrọ ndụ.

Vila Lobos bụ onye egwu kachasị ukwuu na ọha na eze na Brazil, o nyere aka n'ụzọ ọ bụla enwere ike ịkwalite omenala egwu ya. Ebe ọ bụ na 1931, onye na-ede egwú abụrụla onye kọmishọna gọọmentị maka agụmakwụkwọ egwu. N'ọtụtụ obodo nke mba ahụ, ọ tọrọ ntọala ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu na ndị na-egwu egwu, mepụta usoro a na-eche echiche nke ọma nke nkuzi egwu maka ụmụaka, bụ nke a na-enye nnukwu ebe egwu egwu egwu. Ka e mesịrị, Vila Lobos haziri National Conservatory of Choral Singing (1942). N'onwe ya, na 1945, e meghere Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Academy of Music na Brazil na Rio de Janeiro, nke onye na-ede egwú na-aga ruo ọgwụgwụ nke ụbọchị ya. Vila Lobos nyere aka dị ukwuu n'ịmụ akwụkwọ akụkọ egwu na uri nke Brazil, na-emepụta mpịakọta isii "Nduzi bara uru maka ọmụmụ ihe gbasara akụkọ ifo", nke nwere uru encyclopedic n'ezie.

Onye na-ede egwú na-arụ ọrụ na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụdị egwu niile - site na opera na egwu maka ụmụaka. Vila Lobos' nnukwu ihe nketa nke n'elu 1000 ọrụ na-agụnye symphonies (12), symphonic poems na suites, operas, ballets, instrumental concertos, quartets (17), piano iberibe, romances, wdg N'ọrụ ya, ọ gara site a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ntụrụndụ. na mmetụta, n'ime nke mmetụta nke impressionism siri ike karịsịa. Otú ọ dị, ọrụ kachasị mma nke onye na-ede egwú nwere àgwà mba a na-akpọ. Ha na-achịkọta ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị nke nkà ndị Brazil: modal, harmonic, genre; Ọtụtụ mgbe, ihe ndabere nke ọrụ ya bụ egwu ọdịnala na egwu ndị a ma ama.

N'ime ọtụtụ ihe nkiri Vila Lobos, 14 Shoro (1920-29) na okirikiri Bahia nke Brazil (1930-44) kwesịrị nlebara anya pụrụ iche. "Shoro", dị ka onye na-ede egwú si kwuo, "bụ ụdị mmepụta egwu ọhụrụ, na-emepụta ụdị dị iche iche nke Brazil, Negro na ndị India, na-egosipụta ụda na ụdị mmalite nke nkà ndị mmadụ." Vila Lobos gụnyere ebe a ọ bụghị naanị ụdị egwu ndị mmadụ na-eme, kamakwa ihe nkedo nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri. N'ezie, "14 Shoro" bụ ụdị ihe osise egwu nke Brazil, bụ nke a na-emegharị ụdị egwu egwu na egwu egwu, ụda egwu egwu. okirikiri Bahia nke Brazil bụ otu n'ime ọrụ kacha ewu ewu nke Vila Lobos dere. Mmalite nke echiche nke 9 suites niile nke okirikiri a, nke sitere na mmetụta nke mmasị maka onye ọgụgụ isi nke JS Bach, dabere n'eziokwu na ọ nweghị nhazi nke egwu nke nnukwu onye na-ede German na ya. Nke a bụ egwu Brazil na-ahụkarị, otu n'ime ihe ngosi kachasị mma nke ụdị mba.

Ọrụ nke onye na-ede egwú n'oge ndụ ya nwetara nnukwu ewu ewu na Brazil na ná mba ọzọ. N'oge a, n'ala nna nke onye na-ede egwú, a na-eme asọmpi aha ya n'usoro. Ihe omume egwu a, na-aghọ ezi ezumike mba, na-adọta ndị na-egwu egwu si n'ọtụtụ mba nke ụwa.

I. Vetlitsyna