Michal Kleofas Ogiński (Michał Kleofas Ogiński) |

Michał Kleofas Ogiński

Ụzọ ndụ nke onye na-ede egwú Polish M. Oginsky dị ka akụkọ na-adọrọ adọrọ, jupụtara na mberede mberede nke akara aka, jikọtara ya na ọdachi dị egwu nke ala nna ya. Aha onye na-ede egwú gbara ya gburugburu na halo nke romance, ọbụna n'oge ndụ ya ọtụtụ akụkọ ifo bilitere banyere ya (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ "mụtara" banyere ọnwụ nke ya ihe karịrị otu ugboro). Egwu Oginsky, nke na-egosipụta mmetụta nke oge ahụ, na-enwekwu mmasị na àgwà nke onye edemede ya. Onye na-ede egwú nwekwara nkà ịgụ akwụkwọ, ọ bụ onye edemede nke Memoirs banyere Poland na okporo osisi, akụkọ banyere egwu, na uri.

Oginsky tolitere na ezinụlọ mara mma gụrụ akwụkwọ. Nwanne nna ya Michal Kazimierz Ogiński, Onye Ukwu Hetman nke Lithuania, bụ onye na-agụ egwú na onye na-ede uri, na-egwu ọtụtụ ngwa, operas, polonaises, mazurkas, na abụ. O mere ka ụbọ akwara ka mma ma dee akụkọ banyere ngwá ọrụ a maka Diderot's Encyclopedia. N'ebe obibi ya Slonim (ugbu a n'ókèala Belarus), ebe Oginsky na-eto eto na-abịakarị, e nwere ụlọ ihe nkiri nke nwere opera, ballet na drama, otu ìgwè egwu, Polish, Italian, French na German operas. Otu onye n'ezie nke Enlightenment, Michal Kazimierz haziri ụlọ akwụkwọ maka ụmụaka obodo. Mpaghara dị otú ahụ mepụtara ala na-eme nri maka mmepe nke ikike Oginsky. Onye nkuzi egwu mbụ ya bụ O. Kozlovsky na-eto eto n'oge ahụ (onye jere ozi dị ka onye na-egwu ụlọikpe maka Oginskys), mgbe e mesịrị, onye na-ede egwú pụtara ìhè bụ onye nyere aka dị ukwuu na omenala egwú Polish na Russian (onye edemede nke polonaise a ma ama "Thunder nke mmeri,) na-ekwu okwu"). Oginsky mụọ violin na I. Yarnovich, wee mee ka ọ dịkwuo mma na Ịtali na G. Viotti na P. Baio.

Na 1789, ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Oginsky malitere, ọ bụ onye nnọchianya Poland na Netherlands (1790), England (1791); na-alaghachi na Warsaw, ọ na-ejide ọkwa nke nchekwa ego nke Lithuania (1793-94). Ọ dịghị ihe yiri ka ọ ga-ekpuchi ọrụ malitere nke ọma. Ma na 1794, T. Kosciuszko ọgba aghara malitere maka mweghachi nke mba nnwere onwe (alaeze Polish-Lithuania nke Commonwealth kewara n'etiti Prussia, Austria na Russian Alaeze Ukwu). N'ịbụ onye na-ahụ n'anya na-anụ ọkụ n'obi, Oginsky na-esonyere ndị nnupụisi ahụ ma na-ekere òkè na mgba ahụ, ma na-enye ihe onwunwe ya niile "dị ka onyinye nye ala nna." Njem na egwu agha nke onye na-ede egwú mere n'ime afọ ndị a bịara bụrụ nke a ma ama ma bụrụ ndị a ma ama n'etiti ndị nnupụisi ahụ. A na-ekwu Oginsky na abụ "Poland anwụbeghị" (edemebebeghị onye dere ya), nke mechara bụrụ abụ mba.

Mmeri nke nnupụisi ahụ mere ka ọ dị mkpa ịhapụ ala nna ha. Na Constantinople (1796) Oginsky ghọrọ onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'etiti ndị obodo Poland bụ ndị kwagara. Ugbu a anya nke okporo osisi na-atụ anya na Napoleon, bụ onye ọtụtụ ndị na-aghọta mgbe ahụ dị ka "General nke mgbanwe" (L. Beethoven bu n'obi rara "Heroic Symphony" ya). Otuto nke Napoleon jikọtara ya na ọdịdị nke Oginsky naanị opera Zelida na Valcour, ma ọ bụ Bonaparte na Cairo (1799). Ọtụtụ afọ e ji mee njem na Europe (Italy, France) ji nwayọọ nwayọọ mee ka olileanya ahụ dị maka mweghachi nke Poland nweere onwe ya kwụsịlata. Mgbaghara nke Alexander I (gụnyere nlọghachi nke ala) kwere ka onye na-ede egwú bịa Russia ma biri na St. Petersburg (1802). Ma ọbụna n'ọnọdụ ọhụrụ (ebe ọ bụ na 1802 Oginsky bụ onye nnọchiteanya nke Alaeze Ukwu Russia), ọrụ ya bụ iji meziwanye ọnọdụ nke obodo nne.

N'ịbụ onye na-ekere òkè na ndụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, Oginsky enweghị ike itinye oge dị ukwuu n'ịde egwú. Na mgbakwunye na opera, egwu egwu na ọtụtụ romances, akụkụ bụ isi nke obere ihe nketa ya bụ piano: egwu Polish - polonaises na mazurkas, yana njem, minuets, waltzes. Oginsky ghọrọ onye a ma ama karịsịa maka polonaises ya (ihe karịrị 20). Ọ bụ onye mbụ tụgharịrị ụdịrị a ọ bụghị dị ka ụdị ịgba egwu nkịtị, kama ọ bụ abụ abụ, ihe piano na-adabere na ya n'ụzọ pụtara ìhè. Mmụọ ọgụ siri ike dị n'akụkụ Oginsky nwere ihe onyonyo nke iru uju, nhụsianya, na-egosipụta mmetụta mmetụta uche, ọnọdụ ịhụnanya tupu oge na-ese n'elu ikuku nke oge ahụ. A na-ejikọta ụda nke polonaise doro anya, na-agbanwe agbanwe na ụda olu dị nro nke ịhụnanya-elegy. Ụfọdụ polonaises nwere aha mmemme: "Farewell, Partition of Poland." Polonaise "Farewell to the Motherland" (1831) ka na-ewu ewu ruo taa, ozugbo, site na ndetu mbụ, na-ekepụta ikuku nke okwu lyrical nzuzo. Na-egwu egwu Polish, Oginsky na-emepe ụzọ maka nnukwu F. Chopin. E bipụtara ma rụọ ọrụ ya na Europe dum - na Paris na St. Petersburg, Leipzig na Milan, na, n'ezie, na Warsaw (ebe ọ bụ na 1803, onye na-ede egwú Polish pụtara ìhè J. Elsner na-etinyekarị ha na nchịkọta ọrụ ya kwa ọnwa site n'aka ndị na-ede egwú ụlọ. ).

Ahụ ike na-ama jijiji mere ka Oginsky hapụ St. Petersburg ma nọrọ afọ 10 ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya na Ịtali, na Florence. N'ihi ya, biri ndụ nke dere, ọgaranya dị iche iche ihe, onye guzo na mmalite nke Polish romanticism.

K. Zenkin