Uzeir Hajibekov (Uzeyir Hajibeov) |

Uzeyir Hajibeov

“… Hajibeov tinyere ndụ ya niile na mmepe nke omenala egwu Soviet Azerbaijan. … Ọ tọrọ ntọala nke Azerbaijani opera nka maka oge mbụ na Republic, nke ọma ahaziri agụ egwú. Ọ rụkwara nnukwu ọrụ na mmepe nke egwu egwu, "D. Shostakovich dere banyere Gadzhebekov.

A mụrụ Gadzhibekov n'ime ezinụlọ nke onye odeakwụkwọ ime obodo. Obere oge ka a mụchara Uzeyi, ezinụlọ ha kwagara Shusha, bụ́ obere obodo dị na Nagorno-Karabakh. Oge nwata nke onye na-ede egwú n'ọdịnihu bụ ndị na-agụ egwú na ndị na-egwu egwú gbara gburugburu, bụ ndị ọ mụtara nkà nke mugham. Nwatakịrị nwoke ahụ bụrụ abụ ndị mara mma, a na-edekọdị olu ya na phonograph.

Na 1899 Gadzhibekov banyere Gori nkụzi seminarị. N'ebe a, ọ sonyeere ụwa, karịsịa Russian, omenala, wee mara oge ochie music. Na seminarị ahụ, e nyere egwu egwu. A chọrọ ka ụmụ akwụkwọ niile mụta ịkpọ violin, nweta nkà nke ịbụ abụ na ịgba egwu. A kwadoro ịdekọ egwu mmadụ n'onwe ya. Na akwụkwọ egwu Gadzhibekov, ọnụ ọgụgụ ha na-eto site n'afọ ruo n'afọ. N'ikpeazụ, mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na opera mbụ ya, ọ na-eji otu n'ime ndekọ akụkọ ọdịnala ndị a. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na seminarị na 1904 Gadzhibekov e kenyere obodo Hadrut na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkụzi otu afọ. Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, ọ kwagara Baku, bụ ebe ọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ nkuzi ya, n'otu oge ahụ ọ na-enwe mmasị na akwụkwọ akụkọ. Ya Topical feuilletons na isiokwu pụtara na ọtụtụ magazin na akwụkwọ akụkọ. A na-etinye oge ntụrụndụ ole na ole maka nkuzi onwe onye egwu. Ihe ịga nke ọma ahụ dị ịrịba ama na Gadzhibekov nwere echiche dị egwu - ịmepụta ọrụ operatic nke ga-adabere na nkà nke mugham. Ọnwa Mbụ 25, 1908 bụ ụbọchị ọmụmụ nke opera mba mbụ. Atụmatụ maka ya bụ abụ Fizuli “Leyli na Majnun”. Onye na-ede egwú na-eto eto na-ejikarị akụkụ mughams eme ihe na opera. Site n'enyemaka nke ndị enyi ya, ndị na-anụ ọkụ n'obi maka nkà obodo ya, Gadzhibekov mere ihe nkiri na Baku. N'ikpeazụ, onye na-ede egwú chetara, sị: "N'oge ahụ, mụ, onye edemede nke opera, maara nanị ihe ndị bụ isi nke solfeggio, ma enweghị echiche banyere nkwekọ, counterpoint, ụdị egwu ... Otú ọ dị, ọganihu nke Leyli na Majnun dị ukwuu. N'uche nke m, a kọwara ya site n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị Azerbaijan na-atụ anya na opera Azerbaijani nke ha ga-apụta n'ọgbọ egwuregwu, na "Leyli na Majnun" jikọtara egwu ndị mmadụ n'ezie na atụmatụ oge ochie a ma ama."

Ihe ịga nke ọma nke “Leyli na Majnun” na-agba Uzeyir Hajibeov ume ka ọ nọgide n’ọrụ ya nke ukwuu. N'ime afọ 5 sochirinụ, o kere 3 egwu egwu egwu: "Di na nwunye" (1909), "Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị nke a, mgbe ahụ nke a" (1910), "Arshin Mal Alan" (1913) na 4 mugham operas: "Sheikh Senan" (1909), "Rustam na Zohrab" (1910), "Shah Abbas na Khurshidbanu" (1912), "Asli na Kerem" (1912). Ugbua ịbụ onye edemede nke ọtụtụ ọrụ na-ewu ewu n'etiti ndị mmadụ, Gadzhibekov na-achọ imechi akpa ọkachamara ya: na 1910-12. ọ na-aga ọmụmụ ihe onwe ya na Moscow Philharmonic Society, na 1914 na St. Petersburg Conservatory. N'October 25, 1913, mmalite nke ihe nkiri egwu "Arshin Mal Alan" mere. Gadzhibekov rụrụ ebe a ma dị ka onye na-ede egwuregwu na dị ka onye na-ede egwú. O kere ọrụ ogbo na-egosipụta nke ọma, na-egbuke egbuke n'amamihe na jupụtara n'ọṅụ. N'otu oge ahụ, ọrụ ya adịghị enwe mmetụta mmekọrịta ọha na eze, ọ jupụtara na mkpesa megide omenala mmeghachi omume nke mba ahụ, na-eweda ùgwù mmadụ. Na "Arshin Mal Alan" onye na-ede egwú na-egosi dị ka onye tozuru okè: isiokwu a dabeere na modal na rhythmic atụmatụ nke Azerbaijan music, ma ọ bụghị otu abụ abụ gbaziri n'ụzọ nkịtị. "Arshin Mal Alan" bụ ezigbo ọkachamara. The operetta gara gburugburu ụwa na ihe ịga nke ọma. Emere ya na Moscow, Paris, New York, London, Cairo na ndị ọzọ.

Uzeyir Hajibeov rụchara ọrụ ogbo ikpeazụ ya - opera "Kor-ogly" na 1937. N'otu oge ahụ, a na-eme opera na Baku, tinyere òkè nke Bul-Bul a ma ama na ọrụ aha. Mgbe mmalite nke mmeri ahụ gasịrị, onye na-ede egwú dere, sị: "Enyere m onwe m ọrụ nke ịmepụta opera nke mba n'ụdị, na-eji ihe ndị a rụzuru n'ọdịnala egwu ọgbara ọhụrụ ... Kyor-ogly bụ ashug, a na-abụkwa ya site na ashugs, ya mere ụdị nke ashugs bụ ụdị a na-ewu ewu na opera… Na "Ker-ogly" enwere ihe niile e ji mara ọrụ opera - aria, duets, ensembles, recitatives, mana ihe niile a na-ewu na ndabere nke ụdịdị nke akụkọ ifo egwu. nke Azerbaijan wuru. Nnukwu onyinye Uzeyir Gadzhibekov nyere maka mmepe nke ụlọ ihe nkiri egwu nke mba. Ma n'otu oge ahụ, o kere ọtụtụ ọrụ na ụdị ndị ọzọ, karịsịa, ọ bụ onye malitere ụdị ọhụrụ - romance-gazelle; ndị dị otú ahụ bụ "Sensiz" ("Enweghị gị") na "Sevgili janan" ("onye m hụrụ n'anya"). Egwu ya "Oku", "Nwanne nke Ebere" nwere nnukwu ewu ewu n'oge Agha Ukwu Patriotic.

Uzeyir Hajibeov abụghị nanị onye na-ede egwú, kamakwa onye kasị ukwuu egwu na ọha mmadụ na Azerbaijan. Na 1931, o kere mbụ egwú nke ndị mmadụ ngwá egwú, na 5 afọ mgbe e mesịrị, mbụ Azerbaijan choral otu. Tulee onyinye Gadzhibekov na-ekepụta ndị ọrụ egwu mba. Na 1922 ọ haziri ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu Azerbaijan mbụ. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ na-aga musical teknuzu ụlọ akwụkwọ, na mgbe ahụ ghọrọ onyeisi nke Baku Conservatory. Hajibeev chịkọtara ihe ọmụmụ ya nke akụkọ akụkọ egwu mba na nnukwu usoro ọmụmụ "Fundamentals of Azerbaijan Folk Music" (1945). Aha U. Gadzhibekov gbara gburugburu na Azerbaijan site na ịhụnanya na nsọpụrụ mba. Na 1959, n'ala nna nke onye na-ede egwú, na Shusha, e meghere Ụlọ-Museum ya, na 1975, oghere nke Ụlọ-Museum nke Gadzhibekov mere na Baku.

N. Alekperova