Ralph Vaughan Williams |

Ralph Vaughan Williams

Onye na-ede Bekee, onye nhazi na egwu ọha, onye nchịkọta na onye nyocha akụkọ akụkọ egwu Bekee. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Trinity College, Mahadum Cambridge na C. Wood na Royal College of Music na London (1892-96) na X. Parry na C. Stanford (ederede), W. Parrett (organ); emelitere na nhazi ya na M. Bruch na Berlin, ya na M. Ravel na Paris. Site na 1896-99 ọ bụ onye nhazi na South Lambeth Church na London. Kemgbe 1904 ọ bụbu onye otu Folk Song Society. Site na 1919 ọ kuziri ihe mejupụtara na Royal College of Music (site na prọfesọ 1921). Na 1920-28 onye isi nke Bach Choir.

Vaughan Williams bụ otu n'ime ndị malitere ọhụrụ English ụlọ akwụkwọ nke mejupụtara ("English musical renaissance"), nke kwusara mkpa ọ dị ịmepụta mba ọkachamara music dabere na English musical akụkọ ifo na omenala nke English nna ukwu nke 16th na 17th narị afọ; kwuputara echiche ya na ọrụ ya, na-etinye ha n'ọrụ nke ụdị dị iche iche: 3 "Norfolk rhapsodies" ("Norfolk rhapsodies", 1904-06) maka egwu egwu egwu egwu, echiche efu na isiokwu Tallis maka egwu egwu abụọ ("Fantasia on isiokwu nke Tallis”, 1910), 2nd London Symphony (“London symphony”, 1914, 2nd ed. 1920), opera “Hugh the Gurtmaker” (op. 1914), wdg.

Ihe kacha pụta ìhè ọ rụpụtara bụ n'ihe gbasara egwu egwu na egwu egwu. N'ọtụtụ ọrụ Symphonic nke Vaughan Williams mere, a na-etinye akụkụ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị Bekee, a na-emepụtaghachi foto ndị bụ ezie na ndụ nke England nke oge a, ihe egwu nke ọ na-esite na akụkọ egwu Bekee.

A na-eji ọrụ egwu Vaughan-Williams dị iche iche site na ọdịdị ha dị egwu (ihe egwu nke anọ), nchapụta ụda olu, nkà nke idu ndú olu, na ọgụgụ isi nke nhazi, nke a na-enwe mmetụta nke ndị Impressionists. N'ime nnukwu ụda olu, egwu egwu na ọrụ ukwe bụ oratorios na cantatas ezubere maka ịrụ ụka. N'ime operas ahụ, "Sir John in Love" ("Sir John in Love", 4, dabere na "The Windsor Gossips" nke W. Shakespeare) na-enweta ihe ịga nke ọma kasịnụ. Vaughan Williams bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-ede Bekee bụ ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike na sinima (ihe nkiri egwu nke asaa ya ka e dere na ndabere nke egwu maka ihe nkiri banyere polar RF Scott).

A na-eji ọrụ Vaughan-Williams mara site n'ọtụtụ echiche, mmalite nke egwu egwu na nkwuwa okwu, ntụgharị uche mmadụ na ịhụ mba n'anya. Vaughan-Williams agụmagụ-dị egwu na ọrụ nta akụkọ rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkwalite omenala egwu Bekee nke narị afọ nke 20.

MM Yakovlev

Ngwakọta:

opera (6) - Hugh onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala (1924, London), nsusu ọnụ na-egbu egbu (The nsusu ọnụ, 1936, Cambridge), Riders to the Sea (1937, London), Ọganihu Onye pilgrim, mba Benyan, 1951, London) na ndị ọzọ. ; ballet — Old King Cole (Old King Cole, 1923), abalị Krismas (N’abalị Krismas, 1926, Chicago), Job (Job, 1931, London); okwu ọnụ, cantatas; maka orchestra – 9 Symphonies (1909-58), gụnyere. software – 1st, Marine (A sea symphony, 1910, maka ukwe, soloists na orchestra ka okwu site W. Whitman), 3rd, Pastoral (Pastoral, 1921), 6th (1947, mgbe “The Tempest” nke U. Shakespeare), 7th, Antarctic (Sinfonia antartica, 1952); ngwa egwu egwu, ọnụ ụlọ ensembles; piano na akụkụ ahụ mejupụtara; ndi ukwe, egwu; ndokwa nke English folk songs; egwu maka ihe nkiri na sinima.

Ọrụ edemede: Nhazi nke egwu. Okwu ikpeazụ na ndetu nke SA Kondratiev, M., 1961.

References: Konen W., Ralph Vaughan Williams. Edemede gbasara ndụ na okike, M., 1958.