Meliton Antonovich Balanchivadze (Meliton Balanchivadze) |
Meliton Balanchivadze
M. Balanchivadze nwere obi ụtọ na-adịghị ahụkebe - iji tinye nkume mbụ na ntọala nke egwu nka Georgian wee jiri nganga lelee ka ụlọ a si eto na mmepe n'ime afọ 50. D. Arakishvili
M. Balanchivadze banyere n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke omenala egwu dị ka otu n'ime ndị malitere ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị na-ede egwú Georgian. Onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike ọha na eze, onye na-agbasa ozi na-egbuke egbuke ma na-agba ume nke egwu ndị Georgian, Balanchivadze tinyere ndụ ya dum n'ịmepụta nkà nke mba.
Onye na-ede egwú n'ọdịnihu nwere olu dị mma n'oge mbụ, ma malite n'oge ọ bụ nwata, ọ malitere ịbụ abụ n'òtù dị iche iche, nke mbụ na Kutaisi, na mgbe ahụ na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ Theological Tbilisi, bụ ebe a họpụtara ya na 1877. Otú ọ dị, ọrụ ime mmụọ emeghị ka ọ rụọ ọrụ n'ubi ime mmụọ. na-adọta ndị na-eto eto na-egwu egwu na ugbua na 1880 ọ banyere na-abụ troupe nke Tbilisi Opera House. N'ime oge a, Balanchivadze nwere mmasị na akụkọ ọdịnala Georgian, n'ebumnobi ịkwalite ya, ọ haziri otu ukwe ethnographic. Ejikọtara ọrụ n'òtù ukwe na nhazi nke egwu ndị mmadụ, ọ chọkwara nkà nke usoro onye na-ede egwú. Na 1889, Balanchivadze banyere na St. Petersburg Conservatory, ebe N. Rimsky-Korsakov (edemede), V. Samus (abụ), Y. Ioganson (mmekọrịta) ghọrọ ndị nkụzi ya.
Ndụ na ọmụmụ ihe na St. Petersburg na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu na nhazi nke ihe oyiyi okike nke onye na-ede egwú. Klas na Rimsky-Korsakov, ọbụbụenyi na A. Lyadov na N. Findeisen nyere aka guzobe ọnọdụ okike nke ya n'uche onye na-egwu egwu Georgian. Ọ dabeere na nkwenye nke mkpa ọ dị inwe mmekọrịta anụ ahụ n'etiti abụ ndị Jọjia na ụzọ okwu okwu bụ́ nke mere ka a na-eme n'egwú ndị Europe. Na St. Petersburg, Balanchivadze na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na opera Darejan Insidious (a na-eme iberibe ya dị ka 1897 na Tbilisi). Opera gbadoro ụkwụ n'abụ "Tamara the Insidious" nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Georgian A. Tsereteli kpochapụrụ. The mejupụtara nke opera e-egbu oge, na ọ hụrụ ìhè nke ramp naanị na 1926 na Georgian Opera na Ballet Theatre. Ọdịdị nke "Darejan dị aghụghọ" bụ ọmụmụ nke opera mba Georgian.
Mgbe mgbanwe nke October gasịrị, Balanchivadze bi na-arụ ọrụ na Georgia. N'ebe a, ikike ya dị ka onye nhazi nke ndụ egwu, onye ọha na eze na onye nkụzi na-ejikọta ya n'ụzọ zuru ezu. Na 1918 ọ tọrọ ntọala ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu na Kutaisi, na site na 1921 ọ na-eduzi ngalaba egwu nke People's Commissariat of Education of Georgia. Ọrụ onye na-ede egwú gụnyere isiokwu ọhụrụ: nhazi ụda nke egwu mgbanwe, cantata "Glory to ZAGES". Ruo afọ iri nke akwụkwọ na nkà nke Georgia na Moscow (1936) e mere mbipụta ọhụrụ nke opera Darejan the Insidious. Ọrụ ole na ole nke Balanchivadze nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọgbọ ọzọ nke ndị na-ede egwú Georgian. Ụdị isi egwu ya bụ opera na romance. A na-amata ihe atụ kachasị mma nke ọnụ ụlọ nke onye na-ede egwú - ụda olu dị iche iche site na plasticity nke abụ olu ụtọ, nke mmadụ nwere ike inwe mmetụta nke ịdị n'otu nke egwu egwu nke Georgian kwa ụbọchị na romance oge ochie nke Russia ("Mgbe m lere gị anya", "Achọrọ m" maka gị ruo mgbe ebighị ebi”, “Emela m ebere”, a na-ewu ewu duet” mmiri, wdg).
Ebe pụrụ iche n'ọrụ Balanchivadze bụ nke lyric-epic opera Darejan the Insidious, bụ nke a na-amata site na abụ ya na-egbuke egbuke, mmalite nke recitatives, ọgaranya nke melos, na ihe na-adọrọ mmasị na-achọta. Ọ bụghị nanị na onye na-ede egwú na-eji ezigbo abụ ndị Georgian eme ihe, ma n'egwú ya na-adabere n'ụdị e ji mara akụkọ akụkọ Georgian; nke a na-enye opera ọhụrụ na mmalite nke agba egwu. Emebere ogbo nke ọma nke ọma n'ụzọ zuru oke na-atụnye aka na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke arụ ọrụ ahụ, nke na-efunarị uru ya ọbụna taa.
L. Rapatskaya
