Karl (Karoy) Goldmark (Karl Goldmark) |

Karl Goldmark

Ndụ na ọrụ nke Karoly Goldmark bụ mgba mgbe niile maka achịcha, mgba maka ihe ọmụma, maka ebe ndụ, ịhụnanya maka ịma mma, ndị isi, nkà.

Ọdịdị nyere onye na-ede egwú ikike pụrụ iche: n'ọnọdụ ndị kasị sie ike, n'ihi ike ígwè, Goldmark na-etinye aka na nkuzi onwe ya, na-amụ ihe mgbe nile. Ọbụlagodi na ndụ egwu bara ụba na ọtụtụ agba nke narị afọ nke XNUMX, ọ nwere ike ijigide ụdị ya, agba pụrụ iche na-egbukepụ egbukepụ na agba ọwụwa anyanwụ mara mma, ụda egwu na-akpali akpali, ọmarịcha egwu egwu na-emetụta ọrụ ya niile.

Goldmark bụ onye nkuzi onwe ya. Ndị nkụzi kụziiri ya naanị nkà nke ịkpọ violin. Nkà mmụta dị mgbagwoju anya nke counterpoint, usoro mmepụta ihe nke mmepụta ihe, na ụkpụrụ nke ngwá ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ, ọ na-amụta n'onwe ya.

O si n’ezinụlọ dara ogbenye dị otú ahụ nke na mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ ọ ka pụghị ịgụ ihe ma ọ bụ ide ihe, mgbe ọ bịakwara banye n’onye nkụzi mbụ ya, bụ́ onye na-akụ violin, ha nyere ya onyinye ebere, na-eche na ọ bụ onye arịrịọ. Dị ka onye toro eto, tozuru oke dị ka onye na-ese ihe, Goldmark ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị egwu egwu kacha asọpụrụ na Europe.

Mgbe ọ dị afọ 14, nwa nwoke ahụ kwagara Vienna, na nwanne ya nwoke nke tọrọ Joseph Goldmark, bụ onye na-amụ akwụkwọ ahụike mgbe ahụ. Na Vienna, ọ gara n'ihu na-akpọ violin, ma nwanne ya ekwenyeghị na ezigbo onye na-egwu violin ga-esi na Goldmark pụta, ma kwusie ike na nwata ahụ banye n'ụlọ akwụkwọ nkà na ụzụ. Nwa nwoke ahụ na-erube isi, ma n'otu oge ahụ na-esi ike. N'ịbanye n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, ọ na-anwale ule n'otu oge na ụlọ akwụkwọ nchekwa.

Otú ọ dị, mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, a manyere Goldmark ịkwụsị ọmụmụ ya. Mgbanwe malitere na Vienna. Josef Goldmark, onye bụ otu n'ime ndị isi nke ndị na-eto eto na-eto eto, aghaghị ịgbapụ - gendarmes nke alaeze ukwu na-achọ ya. Nwa akwụkwọ na-eto eto conservatory, Karoly Goldmark, na-aga Sopron wee sonye na agha ndị dị n'akụkụ ndị nnupụisi Hungary. N'October 1849, onye na-eto eto na-egwu egwu ghọrọ onye na-akụ violin na ndị egwu egwu nke Sopron Theater Company nke Cottown.

N'oge okpomọkụ nke 1850, Goldmark nwetara ọkpụkpọ òkù ịbịa Buda. N'ebe a, ọ na-egwu egwu na egwu egwu na-eme egwuregwu na ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri nke Buda Castle. Ndị ọrụ ibe ya bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị usoro, mana agbanyeghị ọ na-erite uru na ha. Ha na-ewebata ya na egwu opera nke oge ahụ - na egwu Donizetti, Rossini, Verdi, Meyerbeer, Aubert. Goldmark na-agbazite piano n'ikpeazụ wee mezuo nrọ ochie ya: ọ mụtara ịkpọ piano, na ihe ịga nke ọma dị ịtụnanya nke na n'oge na-adịghị anya ọ malitere inye nkuzi n'onwe ya wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-egwu piano na bọọlụ.

Na February 1852 anyị chọtara Goldmark na Vienna, ebe ọ na-egwuri egwu n'otu egwu egwu ihe nkiri. “Onye ibe” ya kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi - mkpa - anaghị ahapụkwa ya ebe a.

Ọ dị ihe dị ka afọ iri atọ mgbe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ede egwú.

Na 60s, akwụkwọ akụkọ egwu na-eduga, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, na-edebu banyere Goldmark dị ka onye na-ede egwú pụtara ìhè. N'ihi ihe ịga nke ọma bịara na-egbuke egbuke, ụbọchị enweghị nchekwube. Ndị enyi ya gụnyere onye pianist Russia dị ịrịba ama bụ Anton Rubinstein, onye na-ede egwú Cornelius, onye dere akwụkwọ akụkọ The Barber of Baghdad, ma karịa ihe niile, Franz Liszt, onye, ​​na-enweghị ntụkwasị obi, ghọtara nnukwu nkà na Goldmark. N'ime oge a, o dere ọrụ ndị nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'ụwa nile: "Hymn of Spring" (maka solo viola, ukwe na ndị egwú), "Agbamakwụkwọ Mba" ( Symphony maka nnukwu ndị egwú) na overture "Sakuntala" nke e dere na May 1865.

Mgbe "Sakuntala" na-aghọrọ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma, onye na-ede egwú malitere ịrụ ọrụ na akara nke "Queen of Sheba".

Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke siri ike, ịrụsi ọrụ ike, opera dị njikere. Otú ọ dị, nkatọ ihe nkiri ejighị n'aka na-eto eto ewu ewu nke onye kere "Sakuntala". N'okpuru ihe ndị na-enweghị isi, a jụrụ opera ahụ ugboro ugboro. Na Goldmark, ndakpọ olileanya, laghachi azụ. O zoro akara eze nwanyị Sheba n'ime drawer n'elu tebụl ya.

Ka oge na-aga, Liszt bịara nyere ya aka, na n'otu n'ime egwu egwu ya ọ mere njem site na Queen nke Sheba.

“Njem ahụ,” ka onye edemede ahụ n’onwe ya na-ede, “bụ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na nke kpụ ọkụ n’ọnụ. Franz Liszt n'ihu ọha, ka onye ọ bụla nụ, kelere m…”

Ọbụna ugbu a, Otú ọ dị, clique akwụsịbeghị mgba ya megide Goldmark. Onye nwe egwu dị egwu na Vienna, Hanslick, ji otu mkpịsị mkpịsị akwụkwọ mee ihe banyere opera: “Ọrụ ahụ adabaghị maka egwuregwu ahụ. Naanị akụkụ nke ka na-ada ụda n'ụzọ ụfọdụ bụ njem ahụ. Ma ka emechaala ya…”

Ọ were ezigbo aka site n'aka Franz Liszt iji mebie nguzogide ndị isi nke Vienna Opera. N'ikpeazụ, mgbe ogologo ọgụ gasịrị, Queen of Sheba mere na March 10, 1875 na ogbo nke Vienna Opera.

Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, e mekwara opera ahụ na Hungarian National Theatre, bụ ebe Sandor Erkel mere ya.

Mgbe ihe ịga nke ọma na Vienna na Pest, Queen nke Sheba banyere repertoire nke opera ụlọ na Europe. Akpọrọ aha Goldmark ugbu a yana aha nnukwu ndị na-agụ opera.

Balashsha, Gal