Akụkọ bass okpukpu abụọ

Kedu ihe egwu egwu egwu na-eme na-enweghị nnukwu egwu egwu dị ka bass abụọ? Ngwa egwu a na-ada ụda, nke nwere timbre ya na-adịghị agwụ agwụ ma dị omimi, na-eji ụda ya chọọ ụlọ nzukọ na ọbụna jazz mma. Ụfọdụ jikwaa iji ha dochie guitar bass. Kemgbe olee mgbe ọmarịcha bass abụọ ahụ masịrị ma dọta ndị na-ege ntị gburugburu ụwa, na-anọchite anya asụsụ niile nke ụwa n'otu oge, na-enweghị mkpa onye ntụgharị okwu?

Contrabass viola. Ma eleghị anya, bass abụọ bụ nanị ngwá egwú dị n'ụwa nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke okike na ntinye ya na omenala ndị a ma ama jupụtara na oghere ndị dị otú ahụ. Okwu mbụ ekwuru maka eriri eriri a malitere na Renaissance.

A na-ahụta violas dị ka onye nna nke bass abụọ, onye ezinụlọ ya ka gụnyere bass okpukpu abụọ. A na-egosibu viola okpukpu abụọ na eserese ya "Alụmdi na Nwunye na Cana" site n'aka onye na-ese ihe Venetian bụ Paolo Veronese laa azụ na 1563. A na-ewere ụbọchị a dị ka mmalite maka ịgụta akụkọ ihe mere eme nke okpukpu abụọ.

Na narị afọ nke ise, a na-ebu ụzọ tinye violi abụọ-bass na egwu egwu nke Claudio Monteverdi's opera Orpheus ma kpọọ ya na ọnụọgụ abụọ dị na akara ahụ. N'oge ahụ, nkọwa qualitative nke ngwá ọrụ n'onwe ya bụ Michael Pretorius, n'otu oge ahụ, ọ tụgharịrị na viola abụọ bass nwere eriri 5-6.

Nhazi nke bass okpukpu abụọ dị ka ngwa egwu kwụụrụ onwe ya. Bass okpukpu abụọ n'ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ pụtara n'etiti narị afọ nke XNUMX. Onye mepụtara ya bụ nna ukwu Italy Michele Todini. Ya onwe ya kwenyere na o kere nnukwu cello, ma ọ kpọrọ ya bass abụọ. Ihe ọhụrụ bụ usoro eriri anọ. Ya mere, bass abụọ ahụ ghọrọ "onye na-agbapụ" site n'otu ezinụlọ - viols gaa na nke ọzọ - violin, dị ka onye na-egwu egwu German Kurt Sachs si kwuo.

Ederede mbụ iwebata bass okpukpu abụọ n'ime egwu egwu na Italy. Emere nke a na 1699 site n'aka onye na-ede egwú D. Aldrovandini na opera "Caesar nke Alexandria" na premiere na ụlọ ihe nkiri nke Naples.

Ihe na-adọrọ mmasị bụ iji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ejikọta echiche abụọ - "violone" na "bass abụọ". N'ihi nke a, na Ịtali a na-akpọ bass abụọ "Violone", na England - Double bass, na Germany - der Kontrabass, na France - Contrebasse. Naanị na 50s nke narị afọ nke XNUMX ka violon mechara bụrụ bass abụọ. N'otu oge ahụ, ndị egwu egwu Europe malitere ịkwado bass abụọ. Na narị afọ nke XVIII, ọ "tolitere" na-eme ihe nkiri, ma na-eji eriri atọ na ngwá ọrụ.

Na narị afọ nke XNUMX, Giovanni Bottzini na Franz Simandl nọgidere na-azụlite ntụziaka egwu a. Ma ugbua na narị afọ nke XNUMX, a chọtara ndị nọchiri ha na onye Adolf Mishek na Sergei Koussevitzky.

Narị afọ abụọ nke ọgụ na mgba maka ịdị adị emewo ka e mepụta ngwá egwú na-egbuke egbuke nke nwere ike ịsọ mpi na akụkụ ahụ dị ike. Site na mbọ nke nnukwu ndị egwu egwu, ọtụtụ nde mmadụ na-ejizi obi ụtọ na-esochi mmegharị nke aka maestro na eriri.