Zakhary Petrovych Paliashvili (Zachary Paliashvili) |

Zachary Paliashvili

Zakhary Paliashvili bụ onye mbụ na egwu ọkachamara mepere ihe nzuzo nke ike egwu narị afọ nke ndị Georgian nwere ike dị ịtụnanya ma weghachi ndị mmadụ ume a… A. Tsulukidze

A na-akpọ Z. Paliashvili nnukwu egwu egwu Georgian, na-atụnyere ihe ọ pụtara maka omenala Georgian na ọrụ M. Glinka na egwu Russia. Ọrụ ya gụnyere mmụọ nke ndị Jọjia, jupụtara n'ịhụnanya maka ndụ na ọchịchọ na-enweghị atụ maka nnwere onwe. Paliashvili tọrọ ntọala nke asụsụ egwu mba, na-ejikọta ụdị ụdị dị iche iche nke egwu ndị nkịtị (Gurian, Megrelian, Imeretian, Svan, Kartalino-Kakhetian), akụkọ ọdịnala na nka nke Georgian choral Epic na usoro ihe mejupụtara. Western European na Russian music. Ihe kacha amị mkpụrụ maka Paliashvili bụ nnabata nke ọdịnala okike kacha baa ọgaranya nke ndị dere The Mighty Handful. N'ịbụ na mmalite nke egwu ọkachamara Georgian, ọrụ Paliashvili na-enye njikọ dị n'etiti ya na nkà egwu Soviet nke Georgia.

A mụrụ Paliashvili na Kutaisi na ezinụlọ nke onye chorister ụka, 6 n'ime ụmụ ya 18 ghọrọ ndị ọkachamara ọkachamara. Site na nwata, Zachary na-abụ abụ n'òtù ukwe, na-egwuri egwu n'oge ọrụ ụka. Onye nkuzi egwu mbụ ya bụ onye egwu Kutaisi F. Mizandari, na mgbe ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Tiflis na 1887, nwanne ya nwoke nke okenye Ivan, mechara bụrụ onye nduzi a ma ama, mụụrụ ya ihe. Ndụ egwu nke Tiflis gara n'ihu nke ukwuu n'afọ ndị ahụ. Alaka Tiflis nke RMO na ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu na 1882-93. onye isi M. Ippolitov-Ivanov, P. Tchaikovsky na ndị ọzọ na-egwu egwu Russia na-abịakarị na egwu egwu. Ihe omume egwu na-adọrọ mmasị bụ ndị otu egwu Jọjia mere, nke onye na-anụ ọkụ n'obi nke egwu Georgian L. Agniashvili haziri. Ọ bụ n'ime afọ ndị a ka e guzobere ụlọ akwụkwọ mba nke ndị na-ede egwú.

Ndị nnọchianya ya na-egbuke egbuke - ndị na-eto eto na-eto eto M. Balanchivadze, N. Sulkhanishvili, D. Arakishvili, Z. Paliashvili na-amalite ọrụ ha site n'ịmụ akwụkwọ akụkọ egwu. Paliashvili gara n'akụkụ kacha dịpụrụ adịpụ na nke siri ike iru nke Georgia, na-edekọ ihe ruru. 300 folk songs. E mechara bipụta nsonaazụ nke ọrụ a (1910) nchịkọta egwu egwu ndị Georgian 40 na nkwekọ ọha mmadụ.

Paliashvili nwetara agụmakwụkwọ ọkachamara ya na mbụ na Tiflis Musical College (1895-99) na klas nke mpi na usoro egwu, na Moscow Conservatory n'okpuru S. Taneyev. Mgbe ọ nọ na Moscow, ọ haziri otu ìgwè ụmụ akwụkwọ Georgian bụ́ ndị na-abụ abụ ndị mmadụ na egwu egwu.

N'ịlaghachi na Tiflis, Paliashvili malitere ọrụ oké ifufe. Ọ kụziri n'ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu, na ụlọ mgbatị ahụ, ebe o mebere otu ukwe na ụbọ akwara sitere na ụmụ akwụkwọ. Na 1905, o so na ntọala nke Georgian Philharmonic Society, bụ onye nduzi nke ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu na ọha mmadụ a (1908-17), mere operas nke ndị na-ede egwú Europe mere maka oge mbụ na Georgian. Nnukwu ọrụ a gara n'ihu mgbe mgbanwe ahụ gasịrị. Paliashvili bụ prọfesọ na onye nduzi nke Tbilisi Conservatory n'afọ dị iche iche (1919, 1923, 1929-32).

N'afọ 1910, Paliashvili malitere ịrụ ọrụ na opera mbụ Abesalom na Eteri, nke mbụ ya na February 21, 1919 ghọrọ ihe omume nke mba dị mkpa. Ndabere maka libretto, nke onye nkuzi Georgia a ma ama na onye ọha na eze P. Mirianashvili kere, bụ ọmarịcha akụkọ ọdịnala Georgian, epic Eteriani, uri sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ banyere ịhụnanya dị ọcha ma dị elu. (Georgian art na-akpọku ya ugboro ugboro, karịsịa nnukwu onye na-ede uri mba V. Pshavela.) Ịhụnanya bụ isiokwu na-adịru mgbe ebighị ebi ma mara mma! Paliashvili na-enye ya ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ihe nkiri epic, na-ewere ihe egwu Kartalo-Kakhetian choral na egwu Svan dị ka ihe ndabere maka usoro egwu ya. Ihe nkiri ukwe gbasaara amụbawanye na-emepụta ihe osise na-ahụ maka otu onye, ​​na-akpali mkpakọrịta na ọmarịcha ihe ncheta nke ihe owuwu ụlọ ochie nke Jọjia, na ihe ngosi ememe na-echetara ọdịnala nke mmemme mba oge ochie. Egwu Georgian na-agbasa ọ bụghị naanị egwu, na-emepụta agba pụrụ iche, ma na-ewerekwa isi ọrụ dị egwu na opera.

Na Disemba 19, 1923, ihe ngosi mbụ nke opera nke abụọ Paliashvili Daisi (Twilight, lib. nke onye Georgian na-ede egwuregwu V. Gunia) mere na Tbilisi. Ihe omume ahụ mere na narị afọ 1927. na oge nke ọgụ megide Lezgins na nwere, tinyere ndị na-eduga ịhụnanya-lyrical ahịrị, ndiife dike-ahụ obodo uka Mpaghara. Opera na-apụta dị ka usoro egwu egwu, egwu dị egwu, dike, ihe omume kwa ụbọchị, na-adọrọ mmasị na ịma mma nke egwu, na-ejikọta ụdị dị iche iche nke ndị ọrụ ugbo Georgia na akụkọ ọdịnala obodo. Paliashvili dechara opera nke atọ na nke ikpeazụ Latavra na atụmatụ dike-ịhụnanya nke dabeere na egwuregwu nke S. Shanshiashvili na 10. N'ihi ya, opera dị n'etiti ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe, ọ bụ ezie na Paliashvili dere egwu na ụdị ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ onye edemede nke ọtụtụ romances, ọrụ choral, nke bụ cantata "Ruo 1928th Anniversary of Soviet Power". Ọbụna n'oge ọmụmụ ya na conservatory, o dere ọtụtụ preludes, sonatas, na na XNUMX, dabere na akụkọ akụkọ Georgian, o kere "Georgian Suite" maka ndị egwú. Ma n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ na opera ka a na-eme nchọpụta nkà kachasị mkpa, omenala nke egwu mba e guzobere.

A na-eli Paliashvili n'ogige nke Tbilisi Opera House, nke na-aza aha ya. Site na nke a, ndị Jọjia gosipụtara nkwanye ùgwù miri emi ha nwere maka oge gboo nke ihe nkiri opera nke mba.

O. Averyanova