Yuri Mazurok (Yuri Mazurok) |

Yuri Mazurok

Amụrụ na July 18, 1931 na obodo Krasnik, Lublin Voivodeship (Poland). Nwa - Mazurok Yuri Yuryevich (a mụrụ na 1965), pianist.

Oge nwata nke onye na-agụ egwú n'ọdịnihu gafere na Ukraine, bụ nke a ma ama maka ụda olu mara mma. Yuri malitere ịbụ abụ, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị na-abụ abụ, n'echeghị echiche banyere ọrụ nke onye na-agụ egwú. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ banyere Lviv Polytechnic Institute.

N'afọ ụmụ akwụkwọ ya, Yuri nwere mmasị na ụlọ ihe nkiri egwu - ọ bụghị naanị dị ka onye na-ekiri ihe nkiri, kamakwa dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, bụ ebe e gosipụtara ikike ụda olu ya pụtara ìhè. N'oge na-adịghị Mazurok ghọrọ a ma ama "premier" nke Institute si opera studio, onye na-arụ ọrụ na-eme akụkụ nke Eugene Onegin na Germont.

Ọ bụghị naanị ndị nkụzi nke ụlọ ihe nkiri amateur na-aṅa ntị na nkà nke nwa okorobịa ahụ. Ọ ugboro ugboro nụrụ ndụmọdụ ọkachamara na-etinye aka na vocals site na ọtụtụ ndị na, karịsịa, site nnọọ ike onye n'obodo, soloist nke Lviv Opera House, ndị mmadụ Artist nke USSR P. Karmalyuk. Yuri egbughị oge ruo ogologo oge, n'ihi na o gosipụtara onwe ya dị ka onye injinia mmanụ (na 1955 ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ wee banye ụlọ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ). Ikpe kpebiri ikpe ahụ. N'afọ 1960, mgbe ọ na-eme njem achụmnta ego na Moscow, Mazurok nwere ihe ize ndụ "ịgbalị chi ọma ya": ọ bịara nyocha na ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa. Mana ọ bụghị naanị ihe mberede: mmụọ nka, egwu, ịgụ abụ wetara ya na ụlọ nchekwa.

Site na nzọụkwụ mbụ na nka ọkachamara, Yuri Mazurok nwere chi ọma na onye nkuzi ya. Prọfesọ SI Migai, n'oge gara aga otu n'ime ndị ama ama baritones, onye rụrụ na luminaries nke Russian opera ogbo - F. Chaliapin, L. Sobinov, A. Nezhdanova - mbụ na Mariinsky, na mgbe ahụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ - na Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike, onye nwere mmetụta siri ike, onye nwere obi ụtọ, Sergei Ivanovich enweghị obi ebere n'ikpe ya, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ zutere ezi talent, ọ na-elekọta ha na nlebara anya na-adịghị ahụkebe. Mgbe o gechara Yuri ntị, ọ sịrị: “Echere m na ị bụ ezigbo injinia. Mana echere m na ị nwere ike ịhapụ kemistry na mmanụ maka oge a. Were egwu egwu." Site n'ụbọchị ahụ gaa n'ihu, echiche nke SI Blinking kpebiri ụzọ Yuri Mazurok.

SI Migai kpọgara ya na klaasị ya, na-aghọta na ya bụ onye kwesịrị ekwesị nọchiri anya ndị na-agụ opera kacha mma. Ọnwụ gbochiri Sergei Ivanovich ka ọ kpọta nwa akwụkwọ ya na diplọma, ndị ndụmọdụ ya na-esote bụ - ruo mgbe njedebe nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa, Prọfesọ A. Dolivo, na ụlọ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ - Prọfesọ AS Sveshnikov.

Na mbụ, Yuri Mazurok nwere oge siri ike na conservatory. N'ezie, ọ bụ okenye na ndị nwere ahụmahụ karịa ụmụ akwụkwọ ibe ya, ma ọkachamara nke ukwuu na-adịchaghị njikere: ọ na-enweghị isi ihe ọmụma nke egwu egwu, usoro ihe ọmụma nke enwetara, dị ka ndị ọzọ, na ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu, na kọleji.

Nature nyere Yu. Mazurok nwere baritone nwere mma pụrụ iche nke timbre, nnukwu oke, ọbụlagodi na ndekọ niile. Ihe omume ndị a na-eme na opera ndị na-amu amu nyeere ya aka inweta nghọta nke ogbo ahụ, chịkọta nkà ịrụ ọrụ, na mmetụta nke ịkpọtụrụ ndị na-ege ntị. Ma ụlọ akwụkwọ ọ gara na conservatory klaasị, àgwà nke ya na ọrụ nke onye opera artist, kpachara anya, na-arụsi ọrụ ike, nlebara anya mmezu nke ihe niile chọrọ nke ndị nkụzi kpebiri ụzọ ya nke imeziwanye, na-emeri ndị siri ike elu nke nkà.

Na ebe a, àgwà ahụ metụtara - nnọgidesi ike, ịdị uchu na, nke kachasị mkpa, ịhụnanya na-ekpo ọkụ maka ịbụ abụ na egwu.

Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na mgbe obere oge gasịrị, ha malitere ikwu banyere ya dị ka aha ọhụrụ pụtara na opera mbara igwe. N'ime naanị afọ 3, Mazurok meriri ihe nrite na asọmpi olu 3 siri ike: mgbe ọ ka bụ nwa akwụkwọ, na Prague Spring na 1960 - nke abụọ; n'afọ sochirinụ (na-ama na postgraduate "ọkwa") na asọmpi aha ya bụ George Enescu na Bucharest - nke atọ na, n'ikpeazụ, na II All-Union mpi aha ya bụ MI Glinka na 1962, ọ na-ekere òkè nke abụọ na V. Atlantov. na M. Reshetin. Echiche nke ndị nkuzi, ndị nkatọ egwu, na ndị otu juri bụ, dịka iwu, otu ihe ahụ: ịdị nro na ịba ụba nke timbre, ngbanwe na ịma mma na-adịghị ahụkebe nke olu ya - baritone lyrical, cantilena ebumpụta ụwa - kacha mara ya.

N'ime afọ ndị nchekwa, onye na-agụ egwú doziri ọtụtụ ọrụ ogbo dị mgbagwoju anya. Ndị dike ya bụ ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi, Figaro dị egwu na Rossini's Barber nke Seville na onye hụrụ ya n'anya Ferdinando (Prokofiev's Duenna), onye na-ese ihe na-adịghị mma Marcel (Puccini's La bohème) na Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin - mmalite nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Yuri Mazurok.

"Eugene Onegin" rụrụ ọrụ pụrụ iche na ndụ onye na-agụ egwú na nguzobe nke àgwà okike ya. N'ihi na oge mbụ ọ pụtara na ogbo na aha akụkụ nke a opera na onye na-amu amu ihe nkiri; Mgbe ahụ, ọ rụrụ ya na conservatory studio na, n'ikpeazụ, na ogbo nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri (Mazurok nabatara n'ime ndị ọzụzụ ọzụzụ na 1963). Emere akụkụ a nke ọma na ọkwa nke ụlọ opera nke ụwa - na London, Milan, Toulouse, New York, Tokyo, Paris, Warsaw… egwu egwu, uru nkebiokwu ọ bụla, ihe omume ọ bụla.

Na Onegin dị iche kpamkpam na Mazurok - na arụmọrụ nke Bolshoi Theatre. N'ebe a, onye na-ese ihe na-ekpebi ihe oyiyi ahụ n'ụzọ dị iche, na-erute omimi nke uche na-adịghị ahụkebe, na-ebute ihe nkiri nke owu ọmụma nke na-ebibi àgwà mmadụ. Onegin ya bụ ụdị mmadụ nke ụwa, nke nwere àgwà na-agbanwe agbanwe na nke na-emegiderịta onwe ya. Mazurok na-akọwapụta mgbagwoju anya nke ọgụ ime mmụọ nke dike ya n'ụzọ dị egwu n'ụzọ ziri ezi na ihe ijuanya n'eziokwu, ọ dịghị ebe ọ bụla na-adaba na melodramatism na ụzọ aghụghọ.

N'ịgbaso ọrụ Onegin, onye na-ese ihe gafere ule ọzọ dị egwu na nke dị mkpa na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Bolshoi, na-arụ ọrụ nke Prince Andrei na Agha na Udo nke Prokofiev. Na mgbakwunye na mgbagwoju anya nke akara dum n'ozuzu ya, mgbagwoju anya nke arụmọrụ, ebe ọtụtụ ihe odide na-eme ihe na ya mere a chọrọ nkà pụrụ iche nke iso ndị mmekọ na-ekwurịta okwu, ihe oyiyi a n'onwe ya siri ike ma na egwu egwu, ụda olu na ogbo okwu. . Ihe doro anya nke echiche nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri, iwu free nke ụda, ịba ụba nke ụda olu na echiche na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe nke ogbo nyeere onye na-agụ egwú aka ịbịaru ihe osise nke ndụ nke dike nke Tolstoy na Prokofiev.

Y. Mazurok rụrụ ọrụ nke Andrei Bolkonsky na mbụ arụmọrụ nke Agha na Peace na njem nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri na Italy. Ọtụtụ ndị nta akụkọ si mba ọzọ nwere ekele maka nkà ya ma nye ya, yana onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke Natasha Rostova - Tamara Milashkina, ebe na-eduga.

Otu n'ime ọrụ "okpueze" nke onye na-ese ihe bụ ihe oyiyi nke Figaro na "The Barber of Seville" nke Rossini dere. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ a n'ụzọ dị mfe, amamihe, na-egbuke egbuke na amara. Cavatina na-ewu ewu nke Figaro dara ụda ọkụ na arụmọrụ ya. Ma n'adịghị ka ọtụtụ ndị na-agụ egwú, bụ ndị na-emekarị ka ọ bụrụ nanị ọnụ ọgụgụ ụda olu na-egbuke egbuke nke na-egosipụta usoro omume ọma, Mazurok's cavatina kpughere àgwà nke dike ahụ - àgwà ya, mkpebi siri ike, ike dị nkọ nke nlele na ọchị.

Oke okike nke Yu.A. Mazurok ahụ sara mbara nke ukwuu. N'ime afọ ndị na-arụ ọrụ na troupe nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri, Yuri Antonovich rụrụ fọrọ nke nta niile baritone akụkụ (ma lyrical na dị egwu!) Nke dị na ihe nkiri nke repertoire. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-eje ozi dị ka ihe atụ nka nke ịrụ ọrụ na enwere ike ịsị na ọ bụ ihe kacha mma nke ụlọ akwụkwọ opera nke mba.

Na mgbakwunye na egwuregwu ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu, ndị dike ya bụ Yeletsky na Tchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades, na ịhụnanya ya dị ebube; Germont na Verdi's La Traviata bụ onye aristocrat dị mma, onye, ​​​​agbanyeghị, nsọpụrụ na aha ezinụlọ dị elu karịa ihe niile; ndị efu, ndị mpako Count di Luna na Verdi si Il trovatore; Dimitriọs onye isi ike, onye na-ahụ onwe ya n'ụdị ọnọdụ ọchị ọchị ("A Midsummer Night's Dream" nke Britten dere); n'ịhụnanya na ala ya na-adọrọ mmasị na-ekwu banyere ọnwụnwa nke ọrụ ebube nke okike na Venice, ndị Vedenets ọbịa na Rimsky-Korsakov's Sadko; Marquis di Posa - onye ukwu Spanish dị mpako, nwere obi ike, na-atụghị egwu na-enye ndụ ya maka ikpe ziri ezi, maka nnwere onwe nke ndị mmadụ ("Don Carlos" nke Verdi) na mgbochi ya - onye isi ndị uwe ojii Scarpia ("Tosca" site na Puccini); onye agha ehi na-egbu maramara Escamillo (Carmen nke Bizet) na onye ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri Ilyusha, nwa okorobịa dị mfe nke mere mgbanwe (October nke Muradeli); ndị na-eto eto, ndị na-enweghị uche, ndị na-adịghị atụ egwu Tsarev (Prokofiev's Semyon Kotko) na duma odeakwụkwọ Shchelkalov (Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov). Ndepụta ọrụ Yu.A. Mazurok gara n'ihu Albert ("Werther" Massenet), Valentin ("Faust" nke Gounod), Guglielmo ("Ndị inyom niile na-eme ya" site na Mozart), Renato ("Un ballo in maschera" nke Verdi), Silvio ("Pagliacci"). ” nke Leoncavallo), Mazepa (“ Mazepa nke Tchaikovsky), Rigoletto (Verdi's Rigoletto), Enrico Aston (Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor), Amonasro (Verdi's Aida).

Nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a, gụnyere ọbụna obere episodic ọrụ, bụ akara zuru oke nka zuru oke nke echiche, iche echiche na nnụcha nke ọ bụla ọrịa strok, ọ bụla nkọwa, na-akpali na mmetụta uche, zuru ezu nke igbu. Onye na-agụ egwú anaghị ekewa akụkụ opera n'ime nọmba dị iche iche, arias, ensembles, ma na-enweta ogologo oge site na mmalite ruo na njedebe nke akara nke site na mmepe nke ihe oyiyi ahụ, si otú ahụ na-enyere aka ịmepụta echiche nke iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe, ezi uche zuru oke nke ihe osise nke foto. dike, mkpa maka omume ya niile, omume ya, ma ọ bụ dike nke ihe ngosi opera ma ọ bụ obere ụda olu.

Ọkachamara ya kachasị elu, iwu na-egbuke egbuke nke olu site na nzọụkwụ mbụ na ogbo ahụ nwere ekele ọ bụghị nanị site n'aka ndị na-enwe mmasị na nkà opera, kamakwa site n'aka ndị na-ese ihe. Irina Konstantinovna Arkhipova dere n'otu oge, sị: "M na-ele Y. Mazurok anya dị ka onye na-agụ egwú na-egbuke egbuke, ihe ngosi ya na-aghọ ihe ịchọ mma nke arụmọrụ ọ bụla, na nke ọ bụla nke opera a ma ama n'ụwa. Onegin ya, Yeletsky, Prince Andrei, onye ọbịa Vedenets, Germont, Figaro, di Posa, Demetrius, Tsarev na ọtụtụ ihe oyiyi ndị ọzọ na-egosi oke iwe dị n'ime, nke na-egosipụta onwe ya nke ọma, nke bụ ihe okike maka ya, ebe ọ bụ na dum mgbagwoju nke mmetụta, echiche na onye na-agụ egwú na-egosipụta omume nke ya dike site olu n'ọnụ. N'olu onye na-agụ egwú, na-agbanwe dị ka eriri, na ụda mara mma, na ọnọdụ ya niile enweelarị ndị isi, nsọpụrụ na ọtụtụ àgwà ndị ọzọ nke ndị dike opera ya - ọnụ ọgụgụ, ndị isi, ndị knights. Nke a na-akọwa ụdị onye okike ya.”

Ọrụ okike nke Yu.A. Mazurok abụghị nanị na-arụ ọrụ na Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Ọ rụrụ na arụmọrụ nke ụlọ opera ndị ọzọ nke mba ahụ, na-ekere òkè na mmepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ opera mba ọzọ. Na 1975, onye na-agụ egwú rụrụ ọrụ Renato na Verdi's Un ballo na maschera na Covent Garden. Na oge 1978/1979, o mere mpụta mbụ ya na Metropolitan Opera dị ka Germont, ebe ọ na-arụkwa akụkụ nke Scarpia na Puccini's Tosca na 1993. Scarpia Mazuroka dị iche n'ọtụtụ ụzọ na nkọwa nke ihe oyiyi a: ọtụtụ mgbe, na Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na-ekwusi ike na onye isi ndị uwe ojii bụ onye na-enweghị mkpụrụ obi, onye isi ike, onye na-enweghị isi. Yu.A. Mazurok, ọ bụkwa onye maara ihe, ma nwee ikike dị egwu, nke na-enye ya ohere izochi agụụ, aghụghọ n'okpuru ọdịdị nke ezigbo ozuzu nke na-adịghị mma, iji gbochie mmetụta na ihe kpatara ya.

Yuri Mazurok ji ihe nkiri solo mee njem na mba na mba ofesi ọtụtụ yana ihe ịga nke ọma. Nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ nke onye ọbụ abụ gụnyere egwu na ịhụnanya sitere n'aka ndị Russia na Western Europe - Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninov, Rimsky-Korsakov, Schubert, Schumann, Grieg, Mahler, Ravel, usoro egwu na ịhụnanya sitere na Shaporin, Khrennikov, Kablevsky, egwu ndị Ukraine. Nọmba ọ bụla nke mmemme ya bụ ọnọdụ zuru oke, eserese, eserese, steeti, agwa, ọnọdụ dike. “Ọ na-abụ nke ọma… ma n'ihe ngosi opera ma na egwu egwu, ebe onyinye dị ụkọ na-enyere ya aka: echiche nke ụdị. Ọ bụrụ na ọ na-abụ Monteverdi ma ọ bụ Mascagni, mgbe ahụ, egwu a ga-abụ Ịtali mgbe niile na Mazurok ... Na Tchaikovsky na Rachmaninov, a ga-ebi ndụ "ụkpụrụ Russia" na-enweghị atụ mgbe niile ... na Schubert na Schumann ga-ekpebi ihe niile site na mmasị ịhụnanya kacha mma ... ụdị nka nka. na-ekpughe ezi ọgụgụ isi na ọgụgụ isi nke onye na-agụ egwú "(IK Arkhipova).

Echiche nke ụdị, nghọta dị nro nke ọdịdị nke ederede egwu nke otu onye edemede ma ọ bụ onye ọzọ - àgwà ndị a gosipụtara na ọrụ Yuri Mazurok ugbua na mmalite nke ọrụ operatic ya. Ihe akaebe doro anya nke a bụ mmeri na asọmpi ụda olu mba ụwa na Montreal na 1967. Asọmpi na Montreal siri ezigbo ike: mmemme ahụ gụnyere ọrụ sitere na ụlọ akwụkwọ dị iche iche - site na Bach ruo Hindemith. Ngwakọta kachasị sie ike nke onye na-ede akwụkwọ Canada bụ Harry Sommers "Cayas" (nke a sụgharịrị site na India - "Ogologo oge gara aga"), dabere na abụ ọma na ederede nke ndị Canada India, ka a tụrụ aro ka ọ bụrụ iwu na ndị niile na-asọmpi. Mazurok wee nagide nke ọma ma ngụsị akwụkwọ na nkwuwa okwu, nke mere ka ọ bụrụ aha ọha na eze na-asọpụrụ na aha ọchị "India Indian". Ndị juri nabatara ya dị ka onye kacha mma n'ime ndị asọmpi 37 na-anọchite anya mba 17 nke ụwa.

Yu.A. Mazurok - ndị mmadụ Artist nke USSR (1976) na RSFSR (1972), asọpụrụ Artist nke RSFSR (1968). Enyere ya Orders of the Red Banner of Labor ugboro abụọ. Na 1996, e nyere ya "Firebird" - ihe nrite kachasị elu nke International Union of Musical Figures.