Vano Ilyich Muradeli (Vano Muradeli) |

Vano Muradelli

"Akà kwesịrị ịkọwapụta, kwesịrị igosipụta àgwà kachasị mma na nke ndụ anyị" - ụkpụrụ a V. Muradeli na-agbaso ọrụ ya mgbe niile. Onye na-ede egwú rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ụdị. N'ime ọrụ ya bụ isi bụ 2 symphonies, operas 2, operettas 2, 16 cantatas na choirs, ihe karịrị 50. ụda olu ụlọ, ihe dị ka egwu 300, egwu maka ihe nkiri 19 na ihe nkiri 12.

Ezinụlọ Muradov nwere nnukwu egwu egwu. Muradeli na-echeta, sị: “Oge ndị kasị nwee obi ụtọ ná ndụ m, bụ uhuruchi dị jụụ mgbe ndị mụrụ m nọdụrụ m n'akụkụ na-abụkwara anyị ụmụaka abụ.” Vanya Muradov nwere mmasị na egwu. Ọ mụtara ịkpọ mandolin, ụbọ akwara, ma mechaa mụọ piano site na ntị. Gbalịrị ide egwu. N'ịrọ nrọ ịbanye n'ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu, Ivan Muradov dị afọ iri na asaa na-aga Tbilisi. N'ihi ohere nzukọ ya na onye nduzi ihe nkiri Soviet pụtara ìhè na onye na-eme ihe nkiri M. Chiaureli, bụ onye nwere ekele maka ikike dị ịrịba ama nke nwa okorobịa ahụ, olu ya mara mma, Muradov banyere ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu na klas abụ. Ma nke a ezughị ya. Ọ na-enwekarị mkpa dị ukwuu maka ọmụmụ ihe siri ike na nhazi. Na ọzọ a kechioma ezumike! Mgbe ọ nụsịrị abụ Muradov dere, onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu K. Shotniev kwetara ịkwadebe ya maka ịbanye na Tbilisi Conservatory. Otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị, Ivan Muradov ghọrọ nwa akwụkwọ na conservatory, ebe ọ na-amụ mejupụtara na S. Barkhudaryan na-eduzi na M. Bagrinovsky. Afọ 3 mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na conservatory, Muradov na-etinye ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị ihe nkiri ahụ. Ọ na-ede egwu maka ihe ngosi nke Tbilisi Drama Theater, ma na-arụkwa ọrụ nke ọma dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ bụ ọrụ na ụlọ ihe nkiri na-ejikọta mgbanwe nke nwa omee aha nna - kama "Ivan Muradov" aha ọhụrụ pụtara na akwụkwọ mmado: "Vano Muradeli".

Ka oge na-aga, Muradeli na-enwewanye enweghị afọ ojuju n'ihe omume o dere. Nrọ ya bụ ide egwu egwu! Ndien enye ebiere ndika iso n̄kpep n̄kpọ. Kemgbe 1934, Muradeli bụ nwa akwụkwọ nke Moscow Conservatory na klas nke B. Shekhter, mgbe ahụ N. Myaskovsky. Schechter chetara, "N'ụdị nkà nke nwa akwụkwọ ọhụrụ m nwere, ihe kacha amasị m bụ egwu egwu nke echiche egwu, bụ nke sitere na ndị mmadụ, mmalite abụ, mmetụta mmetụta uche, ezi obi na nkwuwa okwu." Na njedebe nke Conservatory Muradeli dere "Symphony na ebe nchekwa SM Kirov" (1938), na kemgbe ahụ, obodo isiokwu aghọwo onye na-eduga na ọrụ ya.

Na 1940, Muradeli malitere ịrụ ọrụ na opera The Extraordinary Commissar (libre G. Mdivani) banyere agha obodo na North Caucasus. Onye na-ede egwú raara ọrụ a nye S. Ordzhonikidze. Radio All-Union na-agbasa otu ihe nkiri opera. Mwakpo mberede nke Great Patriotic War kwụsịrị ọrụ ahụ. Site na ụbọchị mbụ nke agha ahụ, Muradeli so otu brigade egwu gaa North-Western Front. N'ime abụ ịhụ mba n'anya ya nke afọ agha, ndị na-esonụ pụtara ìhè: "Anyị ga-emeri ndị Nazi" (Art. S. Alymov); "Nye onye iro, maka Motherland, gaba!" (Art. V. Lebedev-Kumach); "Abụ nke Dovorets" (Art. I. Karamzin). O dekwara njem 1 maka otu brass band: "March of the Militia" na "Black Sea March". Na 2, e dechara Symphony nke abụọ, nke a raara nye ndị agha Soviet-ndị nnwere onwe.

Egwu ahụ nwere ebe pụrụ iche na ọrụ nke onye na-ede akwụkwọ nke afọ ndị agha gasịrị. "The Party bụ anyị helmsman" (Art. S. Mikhalkov), "Russia bụ My Motherland", "March nke Youth nke Ụwa" na "Abụ nke Fighters for Peace" (niile na V. Kharitonov ọdụ), " Abụ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ International Union" (Art. L. Oshanina) na karịsịa "Buchenwald mkpu" na-emetụ n'ahụ (Art. A. Sobolev). Ọ dara ruo n'ókè agbatịri eriri "Chebe ụwa!"

Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, onye na-ede egwú maliteghachiri ọrụ ọ kwụsịrị na opera The Extraordinary Commissar. Ihe ngosi ya n'okpuru aha "Enyi Enyi Ukwu" mere na Bolshoi Theatre na November 7, 1947. Opera a ewerewo ọnọdụ pụrụ iche na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke egwu Soviet. N'agbanyeghị mkpa nke ibé (opera a raara nye ọbụbụenyi nke ndị dị iche iche nke mba anyị multinational mba) na ụfọdụ merit nke music na ịdabere na ndiife songs, "Enyi enyi" e doro n'enweghị ezi uche oké nkatọ boro formalism na Iwu. nke Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks nke February 10, 1948. Mgbe afọ 10 gasịrị na Iwu nke Central Committee nke CPSU "Na-emezi mmejọ na Evaluating Operas" Akwa Enyi "," Bogdan Khmelnitsky "na "Site n'obi "", a degharịrị nkatọ a, na opera Muradeli bụ nke a rụrụ n'ime Ụlọ Nzukọ Kọlụm nke Ụlọ Ndị otu na mmemme egwu, mgbe ahụ, a naghị agbasa ya na Radio All-Union.

Otu ihe omume dị mkpa na ndụ egwu nke obodo anyị bụ Muradeli's opera "October" (libre nke V. Lugovsky). Ihe ngosi ya bụ ihe ịga nke ọma na Eprel 22, 1964 na ogbo nke Kremlin Palace of Congress. Ihe kachasị mkpa na opera a bụ ihe oyiyi egwu nke VI Lenin. Afọ abụọ tupu ọnwụ ya, Muradeli kwuru, sị: “Ugbu a, m ka na-arụ ọrụ na opera The Kremlin Dreamer. Nke a bụ akụkụ ikpeazụ nke trilogy, akụkụ abụọ mbụ nke - opera "The Great Friendship" na "October" - amaralarị ndị na-ege ntị. M chọrọ n'ezie imecha ọhụrụ mejupụtara maka 2th ncheta ọmụmụ nke Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Agbanyeghị, onye dere ya enweghị ike ịmecha opera a. O nweghị oge ịghọta echiche nke opera "Cosmonauts".

E mejuputakwara isiokwu nke obodo na Muradeli's operettas: The Girl with Blue Eyes (1966) na Moscow-Paris-Moscow (1968). N'agbanyeghị nnukwu ọrụ okike, Muradeli bụ onye ọha na eze na-adịghị agwụ agwụ: afọ 11 ọ na-eduzi nzukọ Moscow nke Union of Composers, na-ekere òkè na-arụ ọrụ nke Union of Soviet Societies maka Enyi na Mba Ọzọ. Ọ na-ekwu okwu mgbe niile na akwụkwọ akụkọ na site na rostrum na okwu dị iche iche nke omenala egwú Soviet. "Ọ bụghị naanị n'ichepụta ihe, kamakwa na mmemme mmekọrịta ọha na eze," ka T. Khrennikov dere, "Vano Muradeli nwere ihe nzuzo nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, maara otú e si eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu na-ege ntị na okwu sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ na nke mmụọ." Ọnwụ kwụsịrị ọrụ okike ya na-adịghị agwụ agwụ - onye na-ede egwú nwụrụ na mberede mgbe ya na ihe nkiri onye edemede na-eme njem na obodo Siberia.

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