Lev Nikolayevich Revutsky |

Lev Revutsky

Ogbo dị mkpa na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Ukraine Soviet music jikọtara aha L. Revutsky. Ihe nketa ihe nketa nke onye na-ede egwú bụ obere - 2 symphonies, piano concerto, sonata na usoro nke miniatures maka pianoforte, 2 cantatas ("Handkerchief" dabeere na uri T. Shevchenko "Agaghị m ije na Sunday" na ụda olu-syymphonic. uri “Ode to a Song” dabere n'amaokwu M. Rylsky) , egwu, ukwe na ihe karịrị 120 mmegharị nke egwu ndị mmadụ. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-esiri ike ilele ihe onye na-ede egwú na-enye aka na omenala obodo. Ihe nkiri ya bụ ihe atụ mbụ nke ụdị a na egwu ọkachamara nke Ukraine, Symphony nke abụọ tọrọ ntọala nke egwu egwu Soviet nke Ukraine. Nchịkọta ya na usoro mgbanwe mgbanwe ya mepụtara nke ọma omenala ndị ndị na-agụ akụkọ ọdịnala dị ka N. Lysenko, K. Stetsenko, Ya. Stepova. Revutsky bụ onye malitere nhazi akụkọ akụkọ Soviet.

Oge ọmarịcha ọrụ onye na-ede ihe bịara na 20s. ma kwekọọ n'oge uto ngwa ngwa nke njirimara mba, ọmụmụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala ya n'oge gara aga. N'oge a, a na-enwekwu mmasị na nkà nke narị afọ nke 1921, nke mmụọ nke anti-serfdom jupụtara. (karịsịa na ọrụ T. Shevchenko, I. Franko, L. Ukrainka), na nkà ndị mmadụ. N'afọ 1919, e mepere ụlọ ọrụ egwu na agbụrụ na Kyiv na Academy of Sciences of Ukraine SSR, nchịkọta nke egwu ndị mmadụ na ọmụmụ akụkọ ọdịnala site n'aka ndị ọkà mmụta akụkọ ifo K. Kvitka, G. Verevka, N. Leontovich, na akwụkwọ akụkọ egwu e bipụtara. e bipụtara. The mbụ republican symphony orchestra pụtara (XNUMX), ụlọ ensembles, mba ihe nkiri nkiri ihe nkiri e meghere. Ọ bụ n'ime afọ ndị a ka e mesịrị aesthetics nke Revutsky, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ ya niile pụtara. N'ịbụ onye gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ n'ihe nka ndị mmadụ kacha baa ọgaranya, egwu Revutsky na-etinye obi ụtọ na egwu egwu ya pụrụ iche, nchapụta mmetụta uche na nchapụta. Ọ na-ji oge gboo nkwekọrịta, proportionality, na-egbuke egbuke nchekwube ọnọdụ.

A mụrụ Revutsky n'ezinụlọ nwere ọgụgụ isi. A na-enwekarị ihe nkiri n'ụlọ, bụ́ ebe egwu I, S. Bach, WA ​​Mozart, F. Schubert na-ada. N'isi ụtụtụ, nwa okoro ahụ matara na abụ ndị mmadụ. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 5, Revutsky malitere ịmụ egwú na nne ya, mgbe ahụ na ndị nkụzi mpaghara dị iche iche. Na 1903, ọ banyere Kyiv School of Music na Drama, ebe ya piano onye nkụzi bụ N. Lysenko, pụtara ìhè dere na nchoputa nke Ukraine ọkachamara music. Otú ọ dị, mmasị Revutsky n'oge ntorobịa ọ bụghị nanị na music, na 1908. Ọ banyere na ngalaba nke Physics na mgbakọ na mwepụ na ngalaba nke Iwu nke Kyiv University. N'otu aka ahụ, onye na-ede egwú n'ọdịnihu na-aga nkuzi na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Egwu RMO. N'ime afọ ndị a, e nwere ìgwè opera siri ike na Kyiv, bụ ndị na-eme egwuregwu oge ochie nke Russia na Western Europe; A na-eme ihe nkiri symphonic na ụlọ n'usoro n'usoro, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na ndị na-ede egwú dị ka S. Rachmaninov, A. Scriabin, V. Landovskaya, F. Chaliapin, L. Sobinov gara njem nleta. Nke nta nke nta, ndụ egwu nke obodo na-adọta Revutsky, na, na-aga n'ihu na mahadum, ọ na-abanye na ụlọ akwụkwọ nchekwa nke meghere na ụlọ akwụkwọ na klas nke R. Gliere (1913). Otú ọ dị, agha na nchụpụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ niile metụtara ya kwụsịrị ọmụmụ ihe n'usoro. N'afọ 1916, Revutsky gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum na ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa n'ike n'ike (akụkụ abụọ nke Symphony mbụ na ọtụtụ piano dị ka ọrụ tesis). Na 2, ọ na-ejedebe n'ihu Riga. Naanị mgbe Great October Socialist Revolution, laghachiri n'ụlọ Irzhavets, onye na-ede egwú na-etinye aka n'ọrụ okike - o dere romances, egwu ndị a ma ama, ndị ukwe, na otu n'ime ihe kachasị mma ya, cantata The Handkerchief (1917).

Na 1924, Revutsky kwagara Kyiv wee malite izi ihe na Music na Drama Institute, na mgbe nkewa ya n'ime a nkiri mahadum na a Conservatory, ọ kwagara na ngalaba nke mejupụtara na conservatory, ebe, n'ime ọtụtụ afọ nke ọrụ, a dum. ìgwè kpakpando nke ndị na-ede egwú Ukraine nwere nkà hapụrụ klas ya - P na G. Mayboroda, A. Filippenko, G. Zhukovsky, V. Kireyko, A. Kolomiets. A na-amata echiche okike nke onye dere ya site na obosara na ịdị iche iche. Ma ebe etiti dị n'ime ha bụ nhazi nke egwu ndị mmadụ - egwu egwu na akụkọ ihe mere eme, lyrical na ememe. Nke a bụ otú usoro okirikiri "Sun, Galician Songs" na nchịkọta "Cossack Songs" si pụta, bụ nke nwere isi ihe na ihe nketa onye dere ya. Ọgaranya miri emi nke akụkọ ifo nke asụsụ na ịdị n'otu nke organic na ọdịnala ndị e mebiri emebi nke egwu ọkachamara ọgbara ọhụrụ, idoanya egwu egwu dị nso na abụ ndị mmadụ, na uri ghọrọ ihe ama ama nke aka ọdịde Revutsky. Ihe atụ kacha pụta ìhè nke ntụgharịgharị nka nka nke akụkọ ifo bụ Symphony nke Abụọ (1927), Piano Concerto (1936) na ụdị egwu egwu Cossack.

N'ime afọ 30. onye na-ede egwú na-ede egwu ụmụaka, egwu maka ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri, ihe egwu egwu ("Ballad" maka cello, "Moldavian lullaby" maka oboe na string orchestra). Site na 1936 ruo 1955 Revutsky na-etinye aka na njedebe na dezie ihe okike kacha elu nke onye nkuzi ya - opera N. Lysenko "Taras Bulba". Na ntiwapụ nke agha Revutsky kwagara Tashkent na-arụ ọrụ na conservatory. Ebe isi n'ọrụ ya ugbu a bụ egwu ịhụ mba n'anya ji.

Na 1944, Revutsky laghachiri na Kyiv. Ọ na-ewe onye na-ede egwú ọtụtụ mgbalị na oge iji weghachite ọnụ ọgụgụ nke abụọ symphonies na concerto nke furu efu n'oge agha - ọ na-ede ha ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ebe nchekwa, na-eme mgbanwe. N'ime ọrụ ọhụrụ a bụ "Ode to a Song" na "Abụ nke Party", nke edere dịka akụkụ nke cantata mkpokọta. N'ihi na ogologo oge, Revutsky onyeisi Union of Composers nke Ukraine SSR, na rụrụ a nnukwu ego nke nchịkọta akụkọ ọrụ na-anakọta ọrụ Lysenko. Ruo ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya, Revutsky na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkụzi, bipụtara isiokwu, na-eme ihe dị ka onye mmegide na-agbachitere desserts.

… N'otu oge, na-ama na-ghọtara dị ka onye okenye nke Ukraine music, Lev Nikolayevich gbalịrị inwale ya kere ụzọ na nkà na-ewe iwe site na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke opuses ruru ugboro ugboro, revisions nke okokụre mejupụtara. Gịnị mere o ji nọgidesie ike otú ahụ ugboro ugboro laghachi n’ihe o dere? Na-agba mbọ maka izu oke, maka eziokwu na ịma mma, ezi uche na àgwà enweghị ntụkwasị obi n'ịlele ọrụ nke onwe ya. Nke a ekpebiela mgbe niile ihe okike nke Revutsky, na n'ikpeazụ, ndụ ya niile.

O. Dashevskaya