Friedrich von Flotow |

Friedrich von Flotow

Flotov. "Martha". M'appari (B. Gigli)

A ma ama Flotov ugbu a ọ bụghị ọbụna na otu opera "Martha", ma na otu aria si na ya, ọ bụ ezie na n'etiti narị afọ nke 30, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu na-ede akwụkwọ nke German comic operas. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ha karịrị XNUMX na Flotov.

Aha nna Flotov, nke dị ka Russian, sitere n'aha ụlọ ezinụlọ Vlotho dị na Westphalia dị nso na Minden na Osimiri Weser (nke bụ isi mpaghara North Rhine-Westphalia ugbu a). Ndị nna nna nke onye na-ede egwú kwagara Mecklenburg laa azụ na narị afọ nke 1810, a na-ewere ezinụlọ ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị kasị ochie n'ala a ma bụrụ onye isi nke ọtụtụ ndị nwe ala gbara ya gburugburu. Na 26, nna onye na-ede egwú, onye isi na ndị agha Prussia, ghọrọ onye nwe ala ahụ. Otú ọ dị, mwakpo nke Napoleon mere ka ọ laa n'iyi, na onye na-ede egwú n'ọdịnihu bụ Friedrich von Flotow mụrụ na April 1812, XNUMX n'ime ụlọ obodo dị ala nke ezinụlọ Teitendorf na Mecklenburg. Nna ya kenyere ya ọrụ diplomatic, na-ahụ na music naanị a obi ụtọ egwuregwu na n'ụzọ ọ bụla kwere omume megide mmepe nke nwa mbụ talent. Friedrich nwetara nkuzi piano mbụ ya site n'aka nne ya na onye nkuzi ụlọ, wee mụọ akụkụ ahụ na nkwekọrịta, na-akpọ viola n'okirikiri ịbụ abụ mpaghara, wee malite ịdepụta na nzuzo. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, nna ya kwadoro arịrịọ na-adịgide adịgide wee soro nwa ya nwoke gaa Paris. N'ebe a, Flotov na ndị nkụzi kacha mma mụọ - virtuoso pianist JP Piksis na prọfesọ nke conservatory, onye na-ede egwú A. Reicha (Berlioz bụ nwa akwụkwọ ya n'otu oge).

Mgbanwe mgbanwe Julaị nke afọ 1830 manyere Flotov ịhapụ Paris, bụ ebe ọ laghachiri na Mee nke afọ na-esote wee bụrụ ezigbo enyi Meyerbeer, Offenbach, Rossini, na ndị edemede nke operas French na-atọ ọchị. Flotov dere operas mbụ ya maka ihe ngosi amateur na salons aristocratic. Nke a na-eme ka aha ya mara amara na Paris, na n'ikpeazụ, na 1835, mmalite nke opera ya "Peter na Katerina" na-ewere ọnọdụ na ọkwa ọkachamara - na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Schwerin Court. Ọ na-enweta Fleets na mmepụta na obere ihe nkiri Parisian, nke ọ na-emepụta operas na mmekorita ya na ndị na-ede French. Ihe ịga nke ọma mbụ bụ The Shipwreck of the Medusa (1839), mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Flotov banyere n'isi nke isi obodo French - Grand Opera na Opéra-Comique. Nkwenye na Germany bịara na Alessandro Stradella, ihe nkiri opera na German libertto e mere na Hamburg (1844) na ozugbo na obodo ndị ọzọ dị na Europe. Otú ọ dị, ihe ịga nke ọma a kpuchiri afọ atọ mgbe e mesịrị site na Marta, kasị elu nke Flotov rụzuru, nke ọ dịghị mgbe jisiri ebili ọzọ na niile ụdi 35 afọ nke ọrụ ya.

Na 1855, a kpọrọ Flotov ka ọ bụrụ onye nduzi nke Ụlọ ihe nkiri Ụlọ ihe nkiri na onye isi nke egwu ụlọ ikpe na Schwerin, o tinyere mgbalị dị ukwuu na nhazi nke ìgwè ndị egwú, ma e meriri ya na "agha afọ asaa" ya na aghụghọ na aghụghọ. laghachiri na Paris na 1863. Afọ ise ka e mesịrị, ọ biri n'ala nke ya na Lower Austria wee hụ na ya na Vienna nwere njikọ chiri anya karị, bụ obodo ebe a hụrụ ya n'anya karịsịa. Ụlọ ihe nkiri Viennese na-achọwanye mmepụta ihe, Flotov na-arụkwa ọrụ ochie French operas ya na onye na-agụ akwụkwọ German. Otú ọ dị, opera ọ bụla na-esote na-esiwanye ike karịa nke gara aga, nke mere na ọ bụ naanị onyinyo fọdụrụ nke onye edemede nke "Marta" ("Shadow" na "Onyinyo Ya" bụ aha French na German maka otu n'ime operas mbubreyo Flotov. ). Onye na-ede egwú nọrọ afọ ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya na ala dị nso na Darmstadt, na April 1882 ọ gara Vienna, bụ ebe a kpọrọ ya dị ka ọbịa nke nsọpụrụ na 500th arụmọrụ Martha na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Otu a ka o siri mee emume ncheta ọmụmụ ya afọ iri asaa.

Flotov nwụrụ na January 24, 1883 na Darmstadt.

A. Koenigsberg