Etienne Mehul |

Etienne Mehul

"Ndị na-asọmpi na-anya gị isi, afọ gị na-amasị gị, ụmụ ụmụ na-akpọ gị." Nke a bụ otú Megül si na-agwa ya n'oge ya, onye dere Marseillaise, Rouget de Lisle. L. Cherubini na-enye onye ọrụ ibe ya ihe okike kacha mma - opera "Medea" - nke e dere ede: "Citizen Megul." "Site na nkwado ya na ọbụbụenyi ya," dị ka Megül n'onwe ya na-ekweta, nnukwu onye na-eme mgbanwe nke opera stage KV Gluck kwanyere ya ùgwù. Emere ihe okike na mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke onye na-egwu egwu nyere Order of the Legion of Honor, nke natara n'aka Napoleon. Ego ole ka nwoke a bu n'obi nye mba France - otu n'ime egwu egwu kacha ukwuu nke Great French Revolution nke narị afọ nke XNUMX - gosipụtara site na olili ozu Megul, nke butere ngosipụta dị egwu.

Megül mere nzọụkwụ mbụ ya na egwu n'okpuru nduzi nke onye na-ahụ maka mpaghara. Ebe ọ bụ na 1775, na abbey nke La Vale-Dieu, nke dị nso na Givet, ọ natara ọzụzụ egwú mgbe nile, nke V. Ganzer na-edu. N'ikpeazụ, na 1779, ugbua na Paris, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya n'okpuru nduzi nke Gluck na F. Edelman. Nzukọ mbụ ya na Gluck, nke Megül n'onwe ya kọwara dị ka ihe na-atọ ọchị, mere n'ọmụmụ ihe onye na-eme mgbanwe, ebe onye na-eto eto na-egwu egwu na-ezo na nzuzo na-ele anya ka onye na-ese ihe na-arụ ọrụ.

Ndụ na ọrụ Megül nwere njikọ chiri anya na omenala na akụkọ ihe mere eme mere na Paris na njedebe 1793th na mmalite 1790th narị afọ. Oge nke mgbanwe ahụ kpebiri ọdịdị nke egwu egwu na mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke onye dere ya. Ya na ndị ya na ha dịkọrọ ndụ ama ama F. Gossec, J. Lesueur, Ch. Catel, A. Burton, A. Jaden, B. Sarret, ọ na-emepụta egwu maka ememe na ememe nke mgbanwe mgbanwe. A họpụtara Megül onye otu onye na-ahụ maka egwu egwu (Sarret's orchestra), kwalitere ọrụ nke National Music Institute site n'ụbọchị ntọala ya (XNUMX) na mgbe e mesịrị, na mgbanwe nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ nchekwa, ọ kụziiri otu klas nke mejupụtara. . N'ime narị afọ nke XNUMX ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọtụtụ operas ya niile bilitere. N'ime afọ nke Alaeze Ukwu Napoleon na Mweghachi nke sochirinụ, Megül nwetara mmetụta na-arịwanye elu nke enweghị mmasị okike, na-efunahụ mmasị na mmemme ọha. Ọ bụ naanị ụmụ akwụkwọ nchekwa (nke kacha n'ime ha bụ onye na-ede opera F. Herold) na… ifuru. Megül bụ onye na-akụ ifuru na-anụ ọkụ n'obi, nke a maara nke ọma na Paris dị ka onye mara mma na onye na-azụ tulips.

Ihe nketa egwu Megül buru ibu nke ukwuu. Ọ na-agụnye operas 45, ballet 5, egwu maka ihe ngosi dị egwu, cantatas, 2 symphonies, piano na violin sonatas, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ụda olu na egwu egwu na ụdị egwu egwu egwu. operas Megül na egwu egwu batara n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke omenala egwu. N'ime egwu egwu na egwu egwu ya kachasị mma (Ephrosine na Coraden - 1790, Stratonika - 1792, Joseph - 1807), onye na-ede egwú na-agbaso ụzọ ndị okenye oge ya si kọwaa - oge ochie nke opera Gretry, Monsigny, Gluck. Megül bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ ji egwu kpughee nkata ihe egwu dị egwu, ụwa dị mgbagwoju anya ma dị egwu nke mmetụta mmadụ, ọdịiche ha na echiche mmekọrịta ọha na eze na esemokwu nke oge mgbanwe zoro ezo n'azụ ihe a niile. Ihe okike Megül ji asụsụ egwu ọgbara ọhụrụ merie: ịdị mfe ya na iwe ya, ịdabere na egwu na egwu egwu nke onye ọ bụla maara, aghụghọ na n'otu oge ahụ ọmarịcha nuances nke orchestral na ụda olu.

Ejidekwara ụdị Megül nke ọma n'ụdị egwu ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya nke afọ 1790, nke ụda ya na ukwe ya batara na ibe operas na egwu egwu Megül. Ndị a bụ "Abụ nke March" (ọ bụghị obere na ewu ewu nke "La Marseillaise" na njedebe nke narị afọ nke XNUMX), "Abụ nke nloghachi, Abụ nke Mmeri." Onye ochie nke Beethoven dịkọrọ ndụ, Megul tụrụ anya n'ogo nke ịdị n'otu, oke ike nke egwu Beethoven, yana nkwekọ na nhazi ya, egwu nke ndị na-eto eto nke ndị na-ede egwú, ndị nnọchianya nke ịhụnanya ịhụnanya mbụ.

V. Ilyev