Alexey Machavariani |
Alexei Machavariani
Machavariani bụ onye na-ede egwú mba dị ịtụnanya. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ nwere mmetụta dị nkọ nke oge a. … Machavariani nwere ike nweta ihe organic fusion nke ahụmahụ nke mba na mba ọzọ music. K. Karaev
A. Machavariani bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ede egwú Georgia. Mmepe nke nkà egwu nke mba ahụ nwere njikọ na-enweghị atụ na aha onye na-ese ihe a. N'ime ọrụ ya, a na-ejikọta ịdị mma na ịma mma mara mma nke polyphony ndị mmadụ, egwu Georgian oge ochie na ịdị nkọ, enweghị mmasị nke ụzọ egwu egwu nke oge a.
A mụrụ Machavariani na Gori. Ebe a bụ Gori Teachers Seminary a ma ama, bụ nke na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu na mmepe agụmakwụkwọ na Transcaucasia (ndị na-ede egwú U. Gadzhibekov na M. Magomayev gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ebe ahụ). Site na nwata, Machavariani bụ egwu ndị mmadụ na ọmarịcha ọdịdị mara mma gbara ya gburugburu. N'ụlọ nna nke onye na-ede egwú n'ọdịnihu, bụ onye na-eduzi ndị na-agụ egwú na-amu amu, ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi nke Gori gbakọtara, abụ ndị mmadụ na-ada ụda.
Na 1936, Machavariani gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Tbilisi State Conservatory na klas P. Ryazanov, na 1940, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ postgraduate ya n'okpuru nduzi nke a pụtara ìhè onye nkụzi. N'afọ 1939, Machavariani na-arụ ọrụ Symphonic mbụ - abụ "Oak na anwụnta" na uri na ukwe "Gorian Pictures".
Afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, onye na-ede egwú dere piano concerto (1944), bụ́ nke D. Shostakovich kwuru banyere ya, sị: “Onye dere ya bụ onye na-eto eto na ihe ịrụ ụka adịghị ya na ọ nwere nkà egwú. O nwere ụdị okike nke ya, ụdị onye na-ede egwú nke ya. The opera Mother and Son (1945, dabere na uri nke otu aha nke I. Chavchavadze) ghọrọ nzaghachi na ihe omume nke Great Patriotic War. Mgbe e mesịrị, onye na-ede egwú ga-ede abụ Arsen maka ndị na-agụ egwú na ukwe cappella (1946), Symphony Mbụ (1947) na uri maka ndị egwú na ukwe On the Death of a Hero (1948).
Na 1950, Machavariani kere lyrical-romantic Violin Concerto, bụ nke na-abanyela na repertoire nke Soviet na ndị mba ọzọ na-eme ihe nkiri.
The majestic oratorio "The Day of My Motherland" (1952) na-abụ nke ọrụ udo, ịma mma nke ala nna. Okirikiri ihe osise egwu a jupụtara n'ụdị symphonism, dabere n'ihe egwu ndị mmadụ, nke a sụgharịrị ịbụ mmụọ ịhụnanya. Ntugharị ntugharị mmetụta uche n'ụzọ ihe atụ, ụdị epigraph nke oratorio, bụ lyric-ọdịdị ala akụkụ 1, nke a na-akpọ "Ụtụtụ nke Ala Nne m".
Isiokwu nke ịma mma nke ọdịdị na-agụnyekwa na Machavariani's chamber-instrumental characters: na egwuregwu "Khorumi" (1949) na ballad "Bazalet Lake" (1951) maka piano, na violin miniatures "Doluri", "Lazuri". (1962). "Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị dị ịrịba ama ọrụ nke Georgian music" a na-akpọ K. Karaev ise monologues maka baritone na egwú na St. V. Pshavela (1968).
Ebe pụrụ iche na-arụ ọrụ nke Machavariani bụ ballet Othello (1957), nke V. Chabukiani mere na ogbo nke Tbilisi State Academic Opera na Ballet Theater n'otu afọ. A. Khachaturian dere na na "Othello" Machavariani "na-ekpughe onwe ya nke ọma dị ka onye na-ede egwú, onye na-eche echiche, nwa amaala." Ihe nkiri egwu egwu nke ihe nkiri choreographic a gbadoro ụkwụ na nnukwu usoro nke leitmotifs, nke a na-agbanwe n'ụzọ ntụnyere na usoro mmepe. N'ịkọba ihe oyiyi nke ọrụ W. Shakespeare, Machavariani na-asụ asụsụ egwu mba ma n'otu oge ahụ na-agafe oke nke njikọ ethnographic. Onyonyo nke Othello na ballet dịtụ iche na isi akwụkwọ edemede. Machavariani wetara ya nso dị ka o kwere mee na ihe oyiyi Desdemona - ihe nnọchianya nke ịma mma, ihe dị mma nke nwanyị, na-etinye ihe odide nke ndị isi na-agụ egwú na n'ụzọ na-egosipụta. Onye na-ede egwú na-ezo aka na Shakespeare na opera Hamlet (1974). K. Karaev dere, sị: “Mmadụ nwere ike inwe anyaụfụ dị otú ahụ obi ike n'ihe metụtara ọrụ oge ochie nke ụwa.
Ihe omume pụtara ìhè na omenala egwu nke mba ahụ bụ ballet "The Knight in the Panther's Skin" (1974) dabere na uri nke S. Rustaveli. “Mgbe m na-arụ ọrụ na ya, enwere m obi ụtọ pụrụ iche,” ka A. Machavariani na-ekwu. - "Abụ nke nnukwu Rustaveli bụ onyinye dị oke ọnụ maka akụ ime mmụọ nke ndị Georgia," ọkpụkpọ oku na ọkọlọtọ anyị ", n'okwu onye na-ede uri." N'iji ụzọ egwu egwu ọgbara ọhụrụ (usoro usoro, njikọta polyharmonic, usoro modal dị mgbagwoju anya), Machavariani na-ejikọta usoro mmepe polyphonic na polyphony ndị Georgian na mbụ.
N'ime afọ 80. onye na-ede egwú na-arụsi ọrụ ike. Ọ na-ede nke atọ, nke anọ ("Ntorobịa"), nke ise na nke isii symphonies, ballet "The Taming of the Shrew", nke, ya na ballet "Othello" na opera "Hamlet", mebere Shakespearean triptych. N'ọdịnihu dị nso - Symphony nke asaa, ballet "Pirosmani".
"Ezigbo onye na-ese ihe na-anọkarị n'okporo ụzọ. … Creativity bụ ma ọrụ na ọṅụ, obi ụtọ na-enweghị atụ nke onye na-ese ihe. Onye na-ede egwú Soviet magburu onwe ya Alexei Davidovich Machavariani nwekwara obi ụtọ a "(K. Karaev).
N. Aleksenko
