Ihe nzuzo nke violin Stradivarius na-egbuke egbuke

Ebe na kpọmkwem ụbọchị ọmụmụ nke Italian violinist-nna ukwu Antonio Stradivari eguzobeghị kpọmkwem. Afọ ndị e mere atụmatụ nke ndụ ya sitere na 1644 ruo 1737. 1666, Cremona - nke a bụ akara na otu n'ime violin nke nna ukwu, nke na-enye ihe mere ị ga-eji kwuo na n'afọ a ọ bi na Cremona ma bụrụ nwa akwụkwọ Nicolo Amati.

Nnukwu nna ukwu kere ihe karịrị 1000 violin, cellos na violas, na-etinye ndụ ya n'ichepụta na imeziwanye ngwa nke ga-eto aha ya ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. Ihe dị ka narị isii n’ime ha ka dị ndụ ruo taa. Ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ na ọ na-agụsi agụụ ike mgbe niile inye ngwá ọrụ ya ụda dị ike na timbre bara ụba.

Ndị ọchụnta ego na-azụ ahịa, ebe ha maara banyere ọnụ ahịa violin nke nna ukwu, na-enye ịzụrụ fakes n'aka ha na mgbe niile. Stradivari gosipụtara violin niile n'otu ụzọ ahụ. Akara ya bụ mkpịrịsị AB na obe Maltese etinyere na okirikiri abụọ. Naanị ọkachamara nwere ahụmahụ nwere ike ịnwapụta eziokwu nke violin.

Ụfọdụ eziokwu si biography nke Stradivari

Obi onye ọgụgụ isi Antonio Stradivari kwụsịrị na Disemba 18, 1737. A na-eme atụmatụ na ọ nwere ike ịdị ndụ site na 89 ruo 94 afọ, na-eke ihe dị ka violin 1100, cellos, basses abụọ na violas. O nwedịrị mgbe o mere ụbọ akwara. Gịnị mere na-amaghị kpọmkwem afọ ọmụmụ nke nna ukwu? Nke bụ́ eziokwu bụ na ihe otiti ahụ chịrị na Europe na narị afọ nke iri abụọ. Ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa mere ka nne na nna Antonio gbaba n'ime obodo ezinụlọ ha. Nke a zọpụtara ezinụlọ ahụ.

A makwaghị ihe mere Stradivari mgbe ọ dị afọ 18, chigharịkwuuru Nicolo Amati, bụ́ onye na-emepụta violin. Ikekwe obi gị gwara gị? Amati hụrụ ya ozugbo dị ka nwa akwụkwọ mara mma wee were ya dị ka onye nkuzi ya. Antonio malitere ndụ ọrụ ya dị ka onye ọrụ. Mgbe ahụ, e nyere ya ọrụ nhazi osisi filigree, na-arụ ọrụ na varnish na gluu. Nke a bụ otú nwa akwụkwọ ahụ ji nke nta nke nta mụta ihe nzuzo nke nkà.

Kedu ihe nzuzo nke Stradivarius violin?

A maara na Stradivari maara nke ukwuu banyere aghụghọ nke "omume" nke akụkụ osisi nke violin; Ezi ntụziaka maka isi nri pụrụ iche varnish na ihe nzuzo nke ziri ezi echichi nke urụk e kpughere ya. Ogologo oge tupu a rụchaa ọrụ ahụ, nna ukwu ahụ aghọtaworị n'obi ya ma violin ọ̀ pụrụ ịbụ abụ mara mma ma ọ bụ na ọ gaghị abụ.

Ọtụtụ ndị nna ukwu n'ọkwa dị elu enweghị ike ịka Stradivari; ha amụtaghị inwe mmetụta osisi n’ime obi ha otú o si were ya. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-agbalị ịghọta ihe na-akpata ịdị ọcha, pụrụ iche sonority nke Stradivarius violins.

Prọfesọ Joseph Nagivari (USA) na-azọrọ na iji chekwa osisi ahụ, a na-eji ọgwụ agwọ maple nke ndị na-emepụta violin a ma ama na narị afọ nke 18 ji mee ihe. Nke a metụtara ike na ikpo ọkụ nke ụda ngwá ọrụ. Ọ na-eche: ọgwụgwọ megide fungi na ụmụ ahụhụ nwere ike ịbụ maka ịdị ọcha na nchapụta nke ụda nke ngwa Cremonese pụrụ iche? N'iji resonance magnetik na infrared spectroscopy, ọ nyochara ihe atụ osisi sitere na ngwá ọrụ ise.

Nagivari na-arụ ụka na ọ bụrụ na egosipụtara mmetụta nke usoro kemịkal, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịgbanwe nkà na ụzụ violin ọgbara ọhụrụ. Vilins ga-ada ka otu nde dollar. Na ndị na-eweghachi ihe ga-eme ka a na-echekwa ngwá ọrụ oge ochie kacha mma.

A na-enyocha varnish nke kpuchiri ngwa Stradivarius ozugbo. E kpughere na ihe mejupụtara ya nwere usoro nanoscale. Ọ na-apụta na narị afọ atọ gara aga, ndị na-emepụta violin na-adabere na nanotechnology.

Afọ 3 gara aga, anyị na-eduzi nnwale na-adọrọ mmasị. A tụlere ụda violin Stradivarius na violin nke Prọfesọ Nagivari mere. Ndị na-ege ntị 600, gụnyere ndị egwu 160, tụlere ụda na ike nke ụda n'ogo 10. N'ihi ya, violin Nagivari nwetara akara dị elu. Otú ọ dị, ndị na-emepụta violin na ndị na-akụ egwú adịghị aghọta na anwansi nke ụda ngwá ọrụ ha sitere na kemistri. Ndị na-ere ahịa oge ochie, n'aka nke ya, na-achọ ichekwa uru ha dị elu, nwere mmasị n'ichekwa aura nke ihe omimi nke violin ochie.