Maria Nikolaevna Kuznetsova-Benois |

Maria Kuznetsova-Benois

Maria Nikolaevna Kuznetsova bụ onye na-agụ opera Russia (soprano) na onye na-agba egwu, otu n'ime ndị ọbụ abụ a ma ama nke Russia tupu mgbanwe mgbanwe. Onye isi soloist nke Mariinsky Theatre, onye so na oge Russia Sergei Diaghilev. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na NA Rimsky-Korsakov, Richard Strauss, Jules Massenet, bụrụ abụ na Fyodor Chaliapin na Leonid Sobinov. Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Russia mgbe 1917 gasịrị, ọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ná mba ọzọ.

Maria Nikolaevna Kuznetsova mụrụ na 1880 na Odessa. Maria tolitere na ikuku okike na ọgụgụ isi, nna ya Nikolai Kuznetsov bụ onye na-ese ihe, nne ya sitere na ezinụlọ Mechnikov, nne nne Maria bụ ọkà mmụta ihe omimi nke Nobel Laureate Ilya Mechnikov na ọkà mmụta mmekọrịta ọha na eze Lev Mechnikov. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky gara n'ụlọ Kuznetsovs, bụ onye dọọrọ uche gaa na talent nke onye na-agụ egwú n'ọdịnihu ma depụta ya abụ ụmụaka, site na nwata Maria rọrọ nrọ ịghọ onye na-eme ihe nkiri.

Nne na nna ya zipụrụ ya na mgbatị ahụ na Switzerland, na-alaghachi na Russia, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ ballet na St. Onye ọ bụla kwuru na ya mara mma lyrical soprano, pụtara ìhè talent dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na mma nwanyị. Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky kọwara ya dị ka “... soprano dị egwu nke enwere ike ịhụ ma gee ya n'otu agụụ ahụ.”

Na 1904, Maria Kuznetsova mere ya mpụta mbụ na ogbo nke St. Petersburg Conservatory dị ka Tatyana na Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin, na na ogbo nke Mariinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri na 1905 dị ka Marguerite na Gounod's Faust. Soloist nke Mariinsky Theatre, na obere oge ezumike, Kuznetsova nọgidere ruo mgbanwe mgbanwe nke 1917. Na 1905, e wepụtara gramophone abụọ na ndekọ nke arụmọrụ ya na St.

N'otu oge, na 1905, obere oge ka Kuznetsova malitere na Mariinsky, n'oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ihe nkiri, esemokwu bilitere n'etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị isi, ọnọdụ na mba ahụ bụ mgbanwe, na ụjọ malitere na ụlọ ihe nkiri. Maria Kuznetsova kwụsịrị Elsa's aria site na R. Wagner's "Lohengrin" wee jiri nwayọọ na-abụ abụ Russian "Chineke Save the Tsar", a manyere ndị na-egwu egwu ịkwụsị esemokwu ahụ na ndị na-ege ntị kwụsịrị, arụmọrụ ahụ gara n'ihu.

Di mbụ nke Maria Kuznetsova bụ Albert Albertovich Benois, sitere na usoro ndị a ma ama nke ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ Russia, ndị na-ese ihe, ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme Benois. N'oge mbụ nke ọrụ ya, a maara Maria n'okpuru aha aha abụọ Kuznetsova-Benoit. N'alụmdi na nwunye nke abụọ, Maria Kuznetsova lụrụ onye na-emepụta Bogdanov, na nke atọ - onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ akụ na onye mmepụta ihe bụ Alfred Massenet, nwa nwanne nke onye na-ede egwú a ma ama Jules Massenet.

N'ime oge ọrụ ya niile, Kuznetsova-Benois sonyeere n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi opera Europe, gụnyere akụkụ Fevronia na Rimsky-Korsakov's The Tale of the Invisible City of Kitezh na Maiden Fevronia na Cleopatra sitere na opera nke otu aha J. Massenet, nke onye dere ya dere karịsịa maka ya. Nakwa na Russian ogbo o gosipụtara na nke mbụ ọrụ nke Woglinda na R. Gold nke Rhine site R. Wagner, Cio-Cio-san na Madama Butterfly site G. Puccini na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. O jirila Mariinsky Opera Company gaa obodo dị na Russia, France, Great Britain, Germany, Italy, USA na obodo ndị ọzọ.

N'ime ọrụ ya kachasị mma: Antonida ("Ndụ maka Tsar" nke M. Glinka), Lyudmila ("Ruslan na Lyudmila" nke M. Glinka), Olga ("Mermaid" nke A. Dargomyzhsky), Masha ("Dubrovsky" nke E dere. Napravnik), Oksana ("Cherevichki" nke P. Tchaikovsky), Tatiana ("Eugene Onegin" nke P. Tchaikovsky), Kupava ("The Snow Maiden" nke N. Rimsky-Korsakov), Juliet ("Romeo na Juliet" site n'aka. Ch. Gounod), Carmen ("Carmen" Zh Bizet), Manon Lescaut ("Manon" nke J. Massenet), Violetta ("La Traviata" nke G. Verdi), Elsa ("Lohengrin" nke R. Wagner) na ndị ọzọ. .

Na 1914, Kuznetsova hapụrụ nwa oge Mariinsky Theatre na, tinyere Russian Ballet nke Sergei Diaghilev rụrụ na Paris na London dị ka ballerina, na-akwadokwa ụfọdụ ọrụ ha. Ọ gbara egwu na ballet "The Legend of Joseph" nke Richard Strauss dere, ndị kpakpando nke oge ha kwadoro ballet - onye na-ede egwú na onye nduzi Richard Strauss, onye nduzi Sergei Diaghilev, onye na-egwu egwú Mikhail Fokin, ejiji na ọdịdị Lev Bakst, onye na-agba egwú Leonid Myasin. . Ọ bụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ezigbo ụlọ ọrụ, ma site na mmalite mmepụta ahụ chere nsogbu ụfọdụ ihu: ọ dị ntakịrị oge maka mgbatị ahụ, Strauss nọ n'ọnọdụ ọjọọ, dị ka onye ọbịa ballerinas Ida Rubinstein na Lydia Sokolova jụrụ isonye, ​​Strauss mekwara. Ọ dịghị amasị ka ya na ndị na-agụ egwú French na-arụ ọrụ na ndị na-egwu egwú na-ese okwu mgbe nile, na Diaghilev ka na-echegbu onwe ya banyere ọpụpụ nke onye na-agba egwú Vaslav Nijinsky na ìgwè ndị agha. N'agbanyeghị nsogbu ndị dị n'azụ ihe nkiri ahụ, ballet rụpụtara nke ọma na London na Paris. Na mgbakwunye na ịnwale aka ya na ballet Kuznetsova rụrụ ọtụtụ ọrụ operatic, gụnyere mmepụta Borodin nke Prince Igor na London.

Mgbe mgbanwe na 1918, Maria Kuznetsova hapụrụ Russia. Dị ka o kwesịrị onye na-eme ihe nkiri, o mere ya n'ịma mma dị egwu - yi uwe dị ka nwa nwoke ụlọ, ọ na-ezo n'obere oche nke ụgbọ mmiri na-aga Sweden. Ọ ghọrọ onye na-agụ opera na Stockholm Opera, mgbe ahụ na Copenhagen na mgbe ahụ na Royal Opera House, Covent Garden na London. N'oge a niile, ọ na-abịa Paris mgbe niile, na 1921, o mesịrị biri na Paris, nke ghọrọ ya nke abụọ okike n'ụlọ.

N'afọ 1920 Kuznetsova mere ihe nkiri nke onwe ebe ọ bụrụ abụ Russian, French, Spanish na gypsy, romances na operas. N'ebe a na-egwu egwu, ọ na-agbakarị egwu egwu ndị Spen na flamenco. Ụfọdụ n'ime ihe nkiri ya bụ ọrụ ebere iji nyere ndị Russia nọ ná mkpa aka. Ọ ghọrọ kpakpando nke opera Parisi, ịnakwere n'ime ụlọ ya ka a na-ewere dị ka nnukwu nsọpụrụ. "Ụcha nke ọha mmadụ", ndị ozi na ndị ọrụ mmepụta ihe jupụtara n'ihu ya. Na mgbakwunye na ihe nkiri nzuzo, ọ na-arụkarị ọrụ dị ka onye na-agụ egwú n'ọtụtụ ụlọ opera na Europe, gụnyere ndị dị na Covent Garden na na Paris Opera na Opéra Comique.

N'afọ 1927, Maria Kuznetsova, ya na Prince Alexei Tsereteli na baritone Mikhail Karakash, haziri ụlọ ọrụ nzuzo nke Russian Opera na Paris, bụ ebe ha kpọrọ ọtụtụ ndị na-agụ egwú opera Russia bụ ndị hapụrụ Russia. Opera Russia mere Sadko, Akụkọ nke Tsar Saltan, Akụkọ nke obodo a na-adịghị ahụ anya nke Kitezh na Maiden Fevronia, Sorochinskaya Fair na operas na ballet ndị ọzọ sitere na ndị na-ede Russia wee mee na London, Paris, Barcelona, ​​​​Madrid, Milan na Buenos Aires dị anya. The Russian Opera dịruru ruo 1933.

Maria Kuznetsova nwụrụ April 25, 1966 na Paris, France.