Karl Böhm |
Karl Boehm
Ruo ihe dị ka ọkara narị afọ, ọrụ nka nke Karl Böhm nwere ọtụtụ akụkụ na nke na-amịpụta adịgide, na-eme ka onye na-ese ihe mara amara dị ka otu n'ime ndị nduzi kacha mma na Europe. Ọkà mmụta dị ukwuu, nkà ihe okike sara mbara, nkà dị iche iche Boehm kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ na-emeri ya ọtụtụ ndị na-enwe mmasị n'ebe ọ bụla onye na-ese ihe na-eme, ebe ha na-ere ihe ndekọ nke ndị egwu kachasị mma n'ụwa dekọrọ n'okpuru nduzi ya.
"Onye nduzi Karl Böhm, onye Richard Strauss nyefere ihe nketa nka nka mgbe agha biri, bụ ezigbo mmadụ na opera na podium concert. Egwu ya dị egwu, na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke onye nwere ọgụgụ isi na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ikike mmụta dị ukwuu mejupụtara, nwere ike ịrụpụta nkọwa nkọwa kachasị elu. Ifufe ọhụrụ nke na-ebufe ihe omume ọ bụla na-eme ka egwu ya na-aga. Mmegharị ahụ Boehm, nke e mere na Strauss na Mook, dị mfe na nke akụ na ụba. Ọkụ na ahụmahụ Acoustic, nke torola kemgbe ọtụtụ iri afọ, na-enye ya ohere ịkwadebe ihe omume dị otú ahụ na mgbatị ahụ nke dabara n'ụzọ zuru ezu echiche ya banyere ọdịnaya na ụda nke ọrụ ndị ahụ," ka ọkà mmụta egwú German bụ H. Ludike na-ede.
Mmalite nke ọrụ Boehm dị ka onye nduzi dịtụghị iche. Mgbe ọ ka bụ nwa akwụkwọ iwu na Mahadum Vienna, o gosipụtara mmasị n'egwú karịa n'iwu, n'agbanyeghị na o mechara gbachitere akwụkwọ mmụta doctoral ya. Bohm ji ịnụ ọkụ n'obi nọrọ ọdụ ruo ọtụtụ awa na mmegharị ahụ nke The Cavalier of the Roses, bụ́ nke mere ka ọ pụta ìhè na ncheta ya, nwetara nkuzi n'aka enyi Brahms E. Mandishevsky na K. Muk, bụ́ onye duziri ya n'ụzọ onye nduzi ahụ. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Böhm ga-anọrịrị ọtụtụ afọ na ndị agha. Na naanị na 1917, mgbe demobilization, o jisiri ike nweta ebe dị ka osote onye nduzi, na mgbe ahụ, onye nduzi nke abụọ na obodo ihe nkiri nke Graz, obodo ya. N'ebe a na 1921 Bruno Walter hụrụ ya ma were ya dị ka onye inyeaka ya na Munich, ebe onye nduzi na-eto eto nọrọ afọ isii sochirinụ. Imekọ ihe ọnụ na nna ukwu mara mma dochie ya na ụlọ nchekwa, na ahụmahụ ahụ nwetara mere ka ọ bụrụ onye nduzi na onye nduzi egwu nke ụlọ opera na Darmstadt. Kemgbe 1931, Böhm anọwo na-eduzi otu n'ime ihe nkiri kachasị mma na Germany - Hamburg Opera, na 1934 weere ọnọdụ F. Bush na Dresden.
Ugbua n'oge ahụ, Boehm nwetara aha dị ka onye ọkachamara na onye ntụgharị okwu magburu onwe ya nke operas nke Mozart na Wagner, symphonies nke Bruckner na, karịsịa, ọrụ nke R. Strauss, onye enyi ya na onye mgbasa ozi na-ekpo ọkụ mgbe ahụ ghọrọ. operas Strauss The Silent Woman na Daphne bụ nke mbụ e mere n’okpuru nduzi ya, ma onye odee nyefere K. Böhm nke ikpeazụ. Akụkụ kacha mma nke nkà onye na-ese ihe - ụdị ọdịdị na-enweghị atụ, ikike nke n'ụzọ aghụghọ na n'ụzọ ziri ezi guzozie ike grades ike, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke echiche na mkpali nke arụmọrụ - pụtara nke ọma nke ọma na nkọwa nke egwu Strauss.
Böhm jigidere kọntaktị okike ya na mkpokọta Dresden n'ime afọ mgbe agha gasịrị. Ma etiti nke ọrụ ya kemgbe 1942 bụ Vienna. Ọ ugboro abụọ na 1943-1945 na 1954-1956 na-eduzi Vienna State Opera, na-edu ememme a raara nye na mmeghe nke ya weghachiri eweghachi ụlọ. N'oge ndị ọzọ, Böhm na-eduzi ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri ebe a. Tinyere nke a, enwere ike ịhụ ya n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ebe niile bụ isi nke ụwa; ọ rụrụ na Berlin, Salzburg, Prague, Naples, New York, Buenos Aires (ebe ọ na-eduzi Colon Theatre ruo ọtụtụ afọ) na obodo ndị ọzọ.
Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ nkọwa nke ọrụ Strauss, yana oge ochie nke Viennese na Wagner, nke mbụ wetara ewu ewu Boehm, akụkọ ndụ onye na-ese ihe na-agụnye ọtụtụ ihe ịga nke ọma na-egbuke egbuke n'èzí a. Karịsịa, ọtụtụ operas nke ndị edemede oge a, dị ka R. Wagner-Regeni na G. Zoetermeister, ji ya ụgwọ maka mmepụta mbụ. Böhm bụ otu n'ime ndị na-eme ihe nkiri opera Wozzeck nke A. Berg.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969
