Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke accordion

N'ime ezinụlọ buru ibu na enyi nke ngwá egwú, onye ọ bụla nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ya, ụda nke ya pụrụ iche, àgwà nke ya. Ihe dị ka otu n'ime ha - ngwá ọrụ nwere aha a nụchara anụcha na nke euphonious - ubo, a ga-atụlekwa ya.

Accordion ahụ abanyela n'ime akụrụngwa nke ngwa egwu dị iche iche. N'ọdịdị, ọ dị ka accordion bọtịnụ, na imewe ọ dị ka accordion, yana igodo na ikike ịgbanwe ndekọ ahụ, ọ dị ka piano. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ngwa egwu a dị ịtụnanya, na-ata ahụhụ ma na-ebute mkparịta ụka na-ekpo ọkụ na gburugburu ọkachamara.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke accordion laghachiri na East Ancient East, bụ ebe a na-eji ụkpụrụ nke mmepụta ụda reed mee ihe na nke mbụ na ngwá egwú sheng. Ndị nna ukwu abụọ nwere nkà guzoro na mmalite nke okike nke accordion n'ụdị ọ na-emebu: onye Germany na-eche nche Christian Buschman na onye omenkà Czech Frantisek Kirchner. Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na ha amaghị ibe ha ma rụọ ọrụ kpamkpam n'adabereghị onwe ha.

Christian Bushman dị afọ 17, n'ịgbalị ime ka ọrụ nke imezi akụkụ ahụ dị mfe, chepụtara ngwaọrụ dị mfe - ndụdụ ngbanwe n'ụdị obere igbe nke o tinyere ire ọla. Mgbe Bushman ji ọnụ ya kuba ikuku n'igbe a, ire malitere ịda ụda, na-enye ụda nke otu ụda. Mgbe e mesịrị, Christian gbakwunyere ihe nchekwa ikuku (ajị) na nhazi ahụ, ka asụsụ ghara ịma jijiji n'otu oge ahụ, o nyere ha valves. Ugbu a, iji nweta ụda a chọrọ, ọ dị mkpa imeghe valvụ n'elu otu efere, ma hapụ ihe ndị ọzọ kpuchie. Ya mere, na 1821, Bushman chepụtara ihe ngosi nke harmonica, nke ọ kpọrọ "aura".

Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'otu oge ahụ, na 1770s, onye na-emepụta akụkụ Czech Frantisek Kirchner, onye na-arụ ọrụ n'obí eze Russia, wepụtara usoro ọhụrụ nke okporo ahịhịa amị ma jiri ya mee ihe dị ka ihe ndabere maka ịmepụta harmonica aka. O nwechaghị ihe jikọrọ ya na ngwa ọgbara ọhụrụ, mana isi ụkpụrụ nke mmepụta ụda harmonica nọgidere bụrụ otu - mkpọtụ nke efere ígwè n'okpuru mmetụta nke ikuku ikuku, ịpị na tweaking.Oge ụfọdụ ka e mesịrị, harmonica aka kwụsịrị n'aka onye isi akụkụ ahụ Viennese Cyril Demian. Ọ rụsiri ọrụ ike iji meziwanye ngwá ọrụ ahụ, na-enye ya, n'ikpeazụ, ọdịdị dị iche iche. Demian kewara ahụ nke ngwá ọrụ ahụ n'ime akụkụ abụọ hà nhata, tinye bọtịnụ maka aka ekpe na aka nri na ha ma jikọta halves na bellows. Igodo ọ bụla dabara na kọlụm, bụ nke ekpebiela aha ya “accordion”. Cyril Demian n'ihu ọha webatara aha onye edemede nke ngwa ya na Mee 6, 1829. Mgbe ụbọchị iri na asaa gasịrị, Demian nwetara patent maka ihe mepụtara ya na ebe ọ bụ na May 17 ka a na-ewere ụbọchị ọmụmụ nke accordion. N'otu afọ ahụ, a malitere imepụta na ire ngwa egwu e mere ọhụrụ.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke accordion gara n'ihu n'ikpere mmiri nke Adriatic - na Ịtali. N'ebe ahụ, n'ebe dị nso na Castelfidardo, nwa nwoke onye ọrụ ugbo, bụ́ Paulo Soprani, zụtara nkwekọrịta Demian n'aka onye mọnk na-awagharị awagharị. N'afọ 1864, ọ kpọkọtara ndị ọkwá nkà n'ógbè ahụ, o meghere ụlọ ọrụ, na mgbe e mesịrị ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ebe ọ na-etinye aka ọ bụghị nanị na mmepụta ngwá ọrụ, kamakwa na nhazi ha. Ya mere a mụrụ ụlọ ọrụ accordion. Accordion ngwa ngwa meriri ịhụnanya ọ bụghị naanị ndị Ịtali, kamakwa ndị bi na mba Europe ndị ọzọ.

Ná ngwụsị nke narị afọ nke 40, accordion, tinyere ndị si mba ọzọ, gafere Atlantic ma guzosie ike na kọntinent North America, bụ ebe a na-akpọ ya "piano na eriri." N'ime narị afọ nke XNUMX, e wuru accordions eletrọnịkị mbụ na USA.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, accordion bụ ngwa egwu a ma ama nke nwere ike igosipụta mmetụta mmadụ ọ bụla site n'ọchịchọ enweghị olileanya ruo n'ọṅụ dị ụtọ. N'agbanyeghị nke a, ọ ka na-akawanye mma.