Gennady Rozhdestvensky |

Gennady Rozhdestvensky

Gennady Rozhdestvensky bụ àgwà na-egbuke egbuke na nkà dị ike, mpako nke omenala egwú Russia. Oge ọ bụla nke ọrụ okike nke onye na-egwu egwu a ma ama n'ụwa bụ akụkụ dị ebube nke ndụ omenala nke oge anyị, nke na-eje ozi Music, "ọrụ nke iweta Mma" (n'okwu nke ya).

Gennady Rozhdestvensky gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Moscow State Conservatory na piano na Lev Oborin na-eduzi ya na nna ya, onye nduzi pụtara ìhè Nikolai Anosov, yana ọmụmụ postgraduate na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.

Ọtụtụ peeji na-egbuke egbuke nke akụkọ ndụ Gennady Rozhdestvensky na-ejikọta ya na Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Mgbe ọ ka bụ nwa akwụkwọ na conservatory, o mere mpụta mbụ ya na Tchaikovsky's The Sleeping Beauty (onye na-azụ ọzụzụ na-eto eto rụrụ ọrụ niile na-enweghị akara!). N'otu oge ahụ 1951, mgbe ọ gafechara asọmpi ahụ, a nabatara ya dị ka onye na-eduzi ballet nke Bolshoi Theater ma rụọ ọrụ na nke a ruo 1960. Rozhdestvensky duziri ballets The Fountain of Bakhchisaray, Swan Lake, Cinderella, The Tale of the Stone Flower. na ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ nke ụlọ ihe nkiri ahụ, sonye na mmepụta nke R. Shchedrin's ballet The Little Humpbacked Horse (1960). N'afọ 1965-70. Gennady Rozhdestvensky bụ onyeisi nduzi nke Bolshoi Theatre. Ihe nkiri ihe nkiri ya gụnyere ihe dị ka operas iri anọ na ballet. Onye nduzi so na mmepụta nke Khachaturian's Spartacus (1968), Bizet-Shchedrin's Carmen Suite (1967), Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker (1966) na ndị ọzọ; maka oge mbụ na ogbo Russia mere operas The Human Voice nke Poulenc (1965), Britten's A Midsummer Night's Dream (1965). N'afọ 1978, ọ laghachiri na Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri dị ka onye na-eduzi opera (ruo mgbe 1983), na-ekere òkè na mmepụta nke ọtụtụ ihe nkiri opera, n'etiti ha Shostakovich's Katerina Izmailova (1980) na Prokofiev's Betrothal na Monastery (1982). Ọtụtụ afọ ka e mesịrị, na ncheta, oge 225 nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri, Gennady Rozhdestvensky ghọrọ General Artist director nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri (site na September ruo June 2000), n'oge a, o mepụtara ọtụtụ echiche oru ngo maka ihe nkiri na kwadebere. ihe ngosi ụwa nke Prokofiev's The Gambler opera na mbipụta nke mbụ onye edemede.

Na 1950s aha Gennady Rozhdestvensky bịara mara nke ọma na Fans nke symphonic music. Ruo ihe karịrị ọkara narị afọ nke ọrụ okike, maestro Rozhdestvensky abụrụla onye nduzi nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri egwu egwu Russia niile a ma ama na mba ofesi. Na 1961-1974 ọ bụ onye isi nduzi na onye nduzi nka nke BSO nke Central Television na All-Union Radio. Site na 1974 ruo 1985, G. Rozhdestvensky bụ onye nduzi egwu nke Moscow Chamber Musical Theatre, ebe, ya na onye nduzi Boris Pokrovsky, ọ tụgharịrị operas The Nose site na DD Shostakovich na Ọganihu Rake nke Ọ BỤRỤ na Stravinsky, nwere ọtụtụ ihe ngosi na-adọrọ mmasị. . Na 1981, onye nduzi kere State Symphony Orchestra nke USSR Ministry of Culture. Afọ iri nke ndu otu a ghọrọ oge ịmepụta mmemme egwu pụrụ iche.

Onye ntụgharị okwu kachasị egwu nke narị afọ nke 300, Rozhdestvensky kpọbatara ọha mmadụ Russia n'ọtụtụ ọrụ amaghi ama nke A. Schoenberg, P. Hindemith, B. Bartok, B. Martin, O. Messiaen, D. Milhaud, A. Honegger; N'ezie, ọ laghachiri Russia ihe nketa nke Stravinsky. N'okpuru nduzi ya, e mere ihe ngosi nke ọtụtụ ọrụ R. Shchedrin, S. Slonimsky, A. Eshpay, B. Tishchenko, G. Kancheli, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina, E. Denisov. Onyinye onye nduzi nyere aka ịmụta ihe nketa nke S. Prokofiev na D. Shostakovich dịkwa ịrịba ama. Gennady Rozhdestvensky ghọrọ onye na-eme egwuregwu mbụ na Russia na mba ọzọ nke ọtụtụ ọrụ nke Alfred Schnittke. N'ozuzu, na-arụ ọrụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-ahụ maka egwu egwu ụwa, ọ rụrụ ihe karịrị 150 iberibe maka oge mbụ na Russia na ihe karịrị XNUMX maka oge mbụ n'ụwa. R. Shchedrin, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na-ede egwú raara ọrụ ha na Rozhdestvensky.

Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti 70s, Gennady Rozhdestvensky abụrụla otu n'ime ndị nduzi a kacha asọpụrụ na Europe. Site na 1974 ruo 1977 ọ duru ndị egwu egwu Stockholm Philharmonic Symphony, mechaa duru BBC London Orchestra (1978-1981), Vienna Symphony Orchestra (1980-1982). Na mgbakwunye, n'ime afọ Rozhdestvensky na-arụ ọrụ na Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (Amsterdam), London, Chicago, Cleveland na Tokyo Symphony Orchestras (nsọpụrụ na ugbu a onye nduzi nke Yomiuri Orchestra) na ndị ọzọ ensembles.

Na mkpokọta, Rozhdestvensky nwere ụdị egwu egwu dị iche iche dekọtara ihe ndekọ 700 na CD. Onye na-eduzi dekọrọ cycles nke symphonies niile nke S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, G. Mahler, A. Glazunov, A. Bruckner, ọtụtụ ọrụ nke A. Schnittke na efere. Ihe ndekọ nke onye nduzi enwetala ihe nrite: Grand Prix nke Le Chant Du Monde, diplọma sitere na Academy of Charles Cros na Paris (maka ndekọ nke egwu egwu Prokofiev niile, 1969).

Rozhdestvensky bụ odee nke ọtụtụ ndị dere, otu n'ime ha bụ nnukwu oratorio "A Iwu nye ndị Russia" maka onye na-agụ, soloists, ukwe na egwú na okwu nke A. Remizov.

Gennady Rozhdestvensky na-etinye oge dị ukwuu na ike okike n'ịkụzi ihe. Kemgbe 1974 ọ nọ na-akụzi na Ngalaba Opera na Symphony Conducting nke Moscow Conservatory, ebe ọ bụ na 1976 ọ bụ prọfesọ, kemgbe 2001 ọ bụ onye isi nke Ngalaba Opera na Symphony Conducting. G. Rozhdestvensky welitere ụyọkọ kpakpando nke ndị nduzi nkà, n'etiti ha bụ ndị Artists nke Russia Valery Polyansky na Vladimir Ponkin. Maestro ahụ dere ma bipụta akwụkwọ ndị bụ́ “Mkpịsị Aka Onye Nkụzi”, “Echiche Na Egwu” na “Triangles”; Akwụkwọ bụ "Preambles" nwere ihe odide nkọwa nke o ji mee ihe nkiri ya, malite na 1974. N'afọ 2010, e bipụtara akwụkwọ ọhụrụ ya, bụ Mosaic.

Ọrụ nke GN Rozhdestvensky na nkà bụ aha nsọpụrụ: Ndị mmadụ Artist nke USSR, Hero of Socialist Labour, Laureate of Lenin Prize. Gennady Rozhdestvensky - Onye otu nsọpụrụ nke Royal Swedish Academy, Onye nkuzi nsọpụrụ nke English Royal Academy of Music, prọfesọ. N'ime ihe nrite nke onye na-agụ egwú: Bulgarian Order of Cyril and Methodius, Order of the Rising Sun, Russian Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV, III na II degrees. Na 2003, Maestro nwetara aha nke Officer of the Order of the Legion of Honor of France.

Gennady Rozhdestvensky bụ onye na-egwu egwu egwu na onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye pianist, onye nkụzi, onye na-ede egwú, onye na-ede akwụkwọ na isiokwu, ọkà okwu magburu onwe ya, onye nchọpụta, onye na-eweghachi ọtụtụ akara, onye na-ahụ maka nkà, onye na-agụ akwụkwọ, onye nchịkọta na-anụ ọkụ n'obi, erudite. "Polyphony" nke mmasị Maestro gosipụtara onwe ya n'ụzọ zuru ezu na "ntụziaka" nke mmemme ndenye aha kwa afọ ya na State Academic Symphony Choir nke Russia, nke Moscow Philharmonic na-ejide ihe karịrị afọ 10.

Isi mmalite: weebụsaịtị Moscow Philharmonic