Guillaume Dufay |

William Dufay

Onye na-ede egwú Franco-Flemish, otu n'ime ndị malitere ụlọ akwụkwọ phonic Dutch (lee. Ụlọ akwụkwọ Dutch). A zụlitere ya na metris (ụlọ akwụkwọ ụka) na katidral dị na Cambrai, ọ bụrụ abụ n'olileanya ụmụ nwoke; mụụrụ ihe mejupụtara ya na P. de Loqueville na H. Grenon. Edere ihe odide mbụ (motet, ballad) n'oge ọnụnọ Dufay n'ụlọ ikpe Malatesta da Rimini na Pesaro (1420-26). Na 1428-37 ọ bụ onye na-abụ abụ n'òtù ukwe popu dị na Rom, gara ọtụtụ obodo ndị dị n'Ịtali (Rome, Turin, Bologna, Florence, wdg), France, na Duchy nke Savoy. N'ịbụ onye were iwu dị nsọ, o biri n'obí Duke nke Savoy (1437-44). Laghachitere Cambrai kwa oge; mgbe 1445 o biri n'ebe ahụ na-adịgide adịgide, na-elekọta ihe niile music omume nke katidral.

Dufay mepụtara ụdị isi nke Dutch polyphony - ụda olu 4. Cantus firmus, na-ewere ọnọdụ na akụkụ tenor ma na-ejikọta akụkụ niile nke oke ahụ, na-agbaziri ya mgbe mgbe site na egwu ndị mmadụ ma ọ bụ nke ụwa ("Obere ihu ya na-acha odo odo" - "Se la face au pale", ca. 1450). 1450-60s - isi nke ọrụ Dufay, oge ịmepụta nnukwu ọrụ cyclic - ọtụtụ. A maara 9 zuru oke, yana akụkụ dị iche iche nke igwe mmadụ, motets (nke mmụọ na nke ụwa, solemn, motets-abụ), ihe odide polyphonic vocal - French chanson, Italian songs, wdg.

Na egwu Dufay, a na-akọwapụta ụlọ nkwakọba ihe, mmekọrịta ndị tonic na-achị na-apụta, ahịrị ụtọ na-apụta ìhè; a na-ejikọta enyemaka pụrụ iche nke ụda olu olu dị elu na iji nṅomi, usoro canonical dị nso na egwu ndị mmadụ.

Nkà nke Dufay, nke na-etinye uche n'ọtụtụ mmezu nke Bekee, French, Italian music, nwetara nkwado Europe ma nwee mmetụta dị ukwuu na mmepe nke ụlọ akwụkwọ polyphonic Dutch (ruo Josquin Despres). Ọbá akwụkwọ Bodleian dị na Oxford nwere ihe odide nke egwuregwu Italian iri ise na abụọ sitere na Dufay, nke J. Steiner bipụtakwara chanson olu dị 52 na Sat. Dufay na ndị ya na ha dịkọrọ ndụ (19).

A makwaara Dufay dị ka onye na-eme mgbanwe nke aha egwu egwu (a na-ekwu na ọ na-ewebata ndetu nwere isi ọcha kama iji ndetu ojii na mbụ). Ọrụ dị iche iche nke Dufay bipụtara G. Besseler na ọrụ ya na egwu oge ochie, ma tinyekwa ya na usoro "Denkmaler der Tonkunst na Österreich" (VII, XI, XIX, XXVII, XXXI).