Erich Leinsdorf |
Erich Leinsdorf
Leinsdorf bụ onye Ọstria. Na Vienna, ọ gụrụ egwu egwu - nke mbụ n'okpuru nduzi nke nne ya, na mgbe ahụ na Academy of Music (1931-1933); ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Salzburg, ebe ọ bụ onye enyemaka Bruno Walter na Arturo Toscanini afọ anọ. Na n'agbanyeghị ihe a nile, aha Leinsdorf bịara mara na Europe nanị n'etiti-1963ties, mgbe ọ na-edu Boston Symphony Orchestra na ndị nkatọ na ndị nkwusa na United States na-akpọ "ọgwụ XNUMX."
N'etiti afọ nke ọmụmụ na mmezu nke amara ụwa bụ ogologo oge ọrụ Leinsdorf, ihe na-enweghị nghọta ma na-aga n'ihu. Akpọrọ ya ka ọ bịa America na ntinye nke onye ọbụ abụ a ma ama Lotta Lehman, onye ya na ya na-arụ ọrụ na Salzburg, ma nọgide na mba a. Nzọụkwụ mbụ ya na-ekwe nkwa - Leinsdorf mere mpụta mbụ ya na New York na Jenụwarị 1938, na-eduzi Valkyrie. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, onye nkatọ bụ́ Noel Strauss bụ́ New York Times dere, sị: “N’agbanyeghị afọ 26 ya, onye nduzi ọhụrụ ahụ ji aka ji obi ike duo òtù egwú ahụ, n’ozuzu ya, nweekwa mmetụta dị mma. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịghị ihe dị ịrịba ama na ọrụ ya, o gosipụtara egwu egwu siri ike, talent ya na-ekwekwa ọtụtụ ihe.
N'ihe dị ka afọ abụọ mgbe e mesịrị, mgbe Bodanzky nwụsịrị, Leinsdorf ghọrọ, n'ezie, onye isi nduzi nke German repertoire nke Metropolitan Opera ma nọrọ n'ebe ahụ ruo 1943. Na mbụ, ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe nakweere ya na iro: otú o si eme omume dịkwa oke. divergent, ọchịchọ ya nke siri ike nrubeisi nke odee ederede na omenala nke Bodanzka, nke kwere ịrịba deviations si omenala nke arụmọrụ, ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa na he. Ma nke nta nke nta Leindorf jisiri ike nweta ugwu na nkwanye ùgwù nke ndị egwú na ndị na-agụ egwú. Ugbua n'oge ahụ, ndị nkatọ nwere nghọta, na karịa ihe niile D. Yuen, buru amụma ọdịnihu na-egbuke egbuke maka ya, na-achọta talent na ụzọ nke onye na-ese ihe na-ejikọta ya na onye nkụzi ukwu ya; ụfọdụ kpọrọ ya “Toscanini na-eto eto”.
N'afọ 1943, a kpọrọ onye nduzi ahụ òkù ka ọ duzie òtù egwú Cleveland, ma o nweghị oge iji mee ihe n'ebe ahụ, n'ihi na e debanyere ya n'òtù ndị agha, bụ́ ebe o jere ozi otu afọ na ọkara. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ nọrọ afọ asatọ dị ka onyeisi ndị nduzi na Rochester, na-eme njem n'obodo dị iche iche na United States mgbe ụfọdụ. Mgbe ahụ ruo oge ụfọdụ ọ na-aga New York City Opera, na-eduzi ihe ngosi na Metropolitan Opera. Maka aha ọma ya niile, mmadụ ole na ole nwere ike buru amụma maka ịrị elu meteoric na-esote. Ma mgbe Charles Munsch kwuputara na ọ na-ahapụ òtù Orchestra Boston, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kpebiri ịkpọ Leinsdorf, onye òtù egwú a na-arụbu otu ugboro. Ma ọ mehieghị - afọ ndị sochirinụ nke ọrụ Leinsdorf na Boston mere ka ndị nduzi na ndị otu ahụ baa ọgaranya. N'okpuru Leinsdorf, ndị otu egwu ahụ gbasaara repertoire, nke nwere oke n'okpuru Münsche na egwu French na obere oge ochie. Ịdọ aka ná ntị nke nwere ezi ihe nlereanya nke ndị egwu egwu etoola. Ọtụtụ njegharị Leinsdorf mere na Europe n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, gụnyere ihe ngosi na Prague Spring na 1966, ekwenyela na onye nduzi ugbu a nọ n'ogo nke nkà ya.
Ihe oyiyi okike nke Leinsdorf jikọtara ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị mma nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ịhụnanya nke Viennese, nke ọ mụtara n'aka Bruno Walter, ikike dị ukwuu na-arụ ọrụ na egwu egwu na ụlọ ihe nkiri, nke Toscanini nyefere ya, na n'ikpeazụ, ahụmahụ ahụ. nwetara n'ime afọ nke ọrụ na USA. Banyere obosara nke echiche repertory nke onye na-ese ihe, enwere ike ikpebi nke a site na ndekọ ya. N'ime ha bụ ọtụtụ operas na egwu symphonic. N'etiti ndị mbụ kwesịrị ịkpọ aha "Don Giovanni" na "Alụmdi na Nwunye nke Figaro" nke Mozart, "Cio-Cio-san", "Tosca", "Turandot", "La Boheme" nke Puccini, "Lucia di Lammermoor" site na. Donizetti, “The Barber of Seville” nke Rossini , “Macbeth” nke Verdi, “Valkyrie” nke Wagner, “Ariadne auf Naxos” nke Strauss… Ndepụta na-adọrọ adọrọ n'ezie! Egwu Symphonic adịchaghị ọgaranya ma dị iche iche: n'ime ihe ndekọ nke Leinsdorf dekọrọ, anyị na-ahụ Mahler's First and Fifth Symphonies, Beethoven's na Brahms' Thirds, Prokofiev's Fifth, Mozart's Jupiter, Mendelssohn's A Midsummer Night's Dream, A Hero's Life, Richardusss Life. Wozzeck nke Berg. Na n'ime ihe egwu egwu nke Leinsdorf dekọtara na mmekorita ya na ndị isi nna ukwu bụ egwu egwu Piano nke abụọ nke Brahms na Richter dere.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969
