Egon Wellesz |

Egon Welles

Ọkachamara egwu na onye na-ede egwú bụ onye Austria. Dọkịta nke Philosophy (1908). Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Vienna na G. Adler (musicology) na K. Fryuling (piano, harmony) na mahadum, yana A. Schoenberg (counterpoint, mejupụtara).

Na 1911-15 ọ kụziiri akụkọ ihe mere eme nke egwu na New Conservatory, site na 1913 - na Mahadum Vienna (ọkachamara kemgbe 1929).

Mgbe ndị Nazi Germany weghasịrị Austria, site na 1938 ọ bi na England. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nkuzi na sayensị na Royal College of Music na London, na Cambridge, Oxford (ọ duru nyocha nke egwu Byzantine), Mahadum Edinburgh, yana na Mahadum Princeton (USA).

Welles bụ otu n'ime ndị nchọpụta kasị ukwuu nke egwu Byzantine; onye nchoputa nke Institute of Byzantine Music na Vienna National Library (1932), sonyere na ọrụ nke Byzantine Research Institute na Dumbarton Oaks (USA).

Otu n'ime ndị malitere mbipụta ncheta "Monumenta musicae Byzantinae" ("Monumenta musicae Byzantinae"), ọtụtụ mpịakọta nke ọ kwadebere onwe ya. N'otu oge na G. Tilyard, o deciphered nke Byzantine notation nke a na-akpọ. "Oge etiti" ma kpughee ụkpụrụ nhazi nke abụ Byzantine, si otú ahụ na-akọwa ọkwa ọhụrụ na Byzantology egwu.

Enyere aka dị ka onye ode akwụkwọ na onye nchịkọta akụkọ na The New Oxford History of Music; dere a monograph banyere A. Schoenberg, bipụtara isiokwu na broshuọ banyere ọhụrụ Viennese ụlọ akwụkwọ.

Dị ka onye na-ede egwú, ọ malitere n'okpuru nduzi nke G. Mahler na Schoenberg. dere opera na ballets, tumadi na nkata nke ọdachi ndị Gris oge ochie, nke e mere na 1920. na ihe nkiri nke obodo German dị iche iche; Ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ "Princess Girnar" (1921), "Alcestis" (1924), "Àjà nke ndị a dọọrọ n'agha" ("Opferung der Gefangenen", 1926), "Joke, aghụghọ na ọbọ" ("Scherz, List und Rache" , nke JW Goethe dere, 1928) na ndị ọzọ; ballet - "Ebube nke Diana" ("Das Wunder der Diana", 1924), "Persian Ballet" (1924), "Achilles na Skyros" (1927), wdg.

Welles - onye edemede 5 Symphonies (1945-58) na uri egwu – “Pre-Spring” (“Vorfrühling”, 1912), “Solemn March” (1929), “Spells of Prospero” (“Prosperos Beschwörungen”, dabere na “The Tempest” nke Shakespeare, 1938), cantata na ndị egwú, gụnyere “Middle of Life” (“Mitte des Lebens”, 1932); maka ukwe na egwu egwu - okirikiri na okwu nke Rilke "Ekpere nke ụmụ agbọghọ nye Nne nke Chineke" ("Gebet der Mudchen zur Maria", 1909), concerto maka piano ya na ndị egwú (1935), 8 eriri quartets na ihe ndị ọzọ eji arụ ọrụ ụlọ, ndi chozi, igwe mmadụ, motets, egwu.

Ngwakọta: Mmalite nke Baroque Musical na mmalite nke Opera na Vienna, W., 1922; Egwu Ụka Byzantine, Breslau, 1927; Akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ na abụ ọdịda anyanwụ, Boston, 1947, Cph., 1967; Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke egwu Byzantine na hymnography, Oxf., 1949, 1961; Egwu nke Ụka Byzantine, Cologne, 1959; Ngwa ngwa ọhụrụ, Vols. 1-2, В., 1928-29; Edemede na Opera, L., 1950; Mmalite nke usoro ụda iri na abụọ nke Schönberg, Wash., 1958; Abụ nke Ụka Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, Basel, 1962.

References: Schollum R., Egon Wellesz, W., 1964.

Yu.V. Keldysh