Eduardas Balsys |

Eduard Balsy

E. Balsis bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị pụta ìhè egwú nke Soviet Lithuania. Ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-ede egwú, onye nkụzi, onye ọha na eze egwu na onye mgbasa ozi enweghị ike iche na ọganihu nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Lithuania nke ndị na-ede egwú na oge agha. Ebe ọ bụ na njedebe nke 50s. ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị isi ya.

Ụzọ okike nke onye na-ede egwú dị mgbagwoju anya. Ọ bụ nwata jikọtara ya na obodo Ukraine nke Nikolaeva, mgbe ahụ ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Klaipeda. N'ime afọ ndị a, nkwurịta okwu na egwu bụ ihe mberede. N'oge ntorobịa ya, Balsis rụrụ ọtụtụ ọrụ - ọ kụziiri ihe, na-enwe mmasị na egwuregwu, na naanị na 1945 ọ banyere Kaunas Conservatory na klas nke Prọfesọ A. Raciunas. Afọ nke ọmụmụ na Leningrad Conservatory, ebe ọ na-aga postgraduate N'ezie na Prọfesọ V. Voloshinov, nọgidere ruo mgbe ebighị ebi na ebe nchekwa nke dere. Na 1948, Balsis malitere izi ihe na Vilnius Conservatory, ebe site na 1960 ọ na-eduzi ngalaba nke mejupụtara. N'etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ ya bụ ndị na-ede egwú a ma ama dị ka A. Brazhinskas, G. Kupryavicius, B. Gorbulskis na ndị ọzọ. opera, ballet. Onye na-ede egwú na-elebara obere anya na ụdị ụlọ - ọ tụgharịrị na ha na mmalite nke ọrụ ya (String Quartet, Piano Sonata, wdg). Tinyere ụdị oge gboo, ihe nketa Balsis gụnyere ihe nkiri pop, egwu ama ama, egwu maka ihe nkiri na sinima, ebe ya na ndị isi Lithuania jikọrọ aka. Na mkparịta ụka mgbe nile nke ụdị egwuregwu na-atọ ụtọ na nke siri ike, onye na-ede egwú hụrụ ụzọ nke imekọ ihe ọnụ.

Ihe e ji mara ihe okike nke Balsis bụ ọkụ mgbe niile, ịchọ ụzọ ọhụrụ - ihe eji eme ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe, usoro mgbagwoju anya nke asụsụ egwu ma ọ bụ ihe nhazi mbụ. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ na-anọgide na-abụ onye na-agụ egwú Lithuania n'ezie, onye na-agụ egwú na-egbuke egbuke. Otu n'ime akụkụ kachasị mkpa nke egwu Balsis bụ njikọ ya na akụkọ ifo, nke ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka ihe omimi. A na-egosi nke a site n'ọtụtụ ndokwa o mere nke abụ ndị mmadụ. Onye na-ede egwú kwenyere na njikọ nke mba na ihe ọhụrụ "ga-anọgide na-emeghe ụzọ ọhụrụ na-adọrọ mmasị maka mmepe nke egwu anyị."

Isi ihe okike nke Balsis jikọtara ya na egwu egwu - nke a bụ ọdịiche ya site na ọdịnala choral orientation maka ọdịbendị mba yana mmetụta miri emi na ọgbọ nke ndị Lithuania na-eto eto. Otú ọ dị, ọdịdị nke echiche symphonic ya abụghị egwu egwu (ọ gwaghị ya), kama ọ bụ ụdị egwu, opera, ballet. N'ime ha, onye na-ede egwú na-arụ ọrụ dị ka nna ukwu nke mmepe symphonic nke ụdị, timbre-sensitive, coloristic orchestration.

Ihe omume egwu kachasị na Lithuania bụ ballet Eglė Queen of the Serpents (1960, lib mbụ), dabere na nke emere fim-ballet mbụ na mba ahụ. Nke a bụ akụkọ ọdịnala uri gbasara ikwesị ntụkwasị obi na ịhụnanya imeri ihe ọjọọ na aghụghọ. Eserese oke osimiri mara mma, ihe nkiri ụdị ọdịnala na-egbuke egbuke, usoro egwu egwu nke ballet so na ibe egwu Lithuania kacha mma. Isiokwu nke oké osimiri bụ otu n'ime ọkacha mmasị Balsis ọrụ (na 50s o mere a ọhụrụ mbipụta nke symphonic poem "The Sea" nke MK Na 1980, onye na-ede egwú tụgharịrị ọzọ na isiokwu mmiri. Oge a n'ụzọ dị mwute - na The opera Journey to Tilsit (dabere na akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke otu aha site n'aka onye edemede German X. Zuderman "Akụkọ Lithuania", lib. nkeonwe) N'ebe a Balsias mere dị ka onye okike nke ụdị ọhụrụ maka opera Lithuania - symphonized psychological ihe nkiri egwu, na-eketa ọdịnala nke A. Berg's Wozzeck.

Ụmụ amaala, mmasị na nsogbu ndị na-ere ọkụ nke oge anyị gosipụtara n'ike n'ike na egwu egwu nke Balsis, nke e dere na mmekorita ya na ndị na-ede uri nke Lithuania - E. Mezhelaitis na E. Matuzevičius (cantatas "Na-eweta Anyanwụ" na "Ebube na Lenin! ") Ma karịsịa - na oratorio dabeere na abụ uri nke onye na-ede uri V. Palchinokayte "Edola globe na-acha anụnụ anụnụ", (1969). Ọ bụ na ọrụ a, nke e mere na Wroclaw Music Festival na 1969, ka ọrụ Balsis nwetara nkwado mba wee banye na ọkwa ụwa. Laa azụ na 1953, onye na-ede egwú bụ onye mbụ na egwu Lithuania iji kwuo isiokwu nke mgba maka udo na uri Heroic, na-emepụta ya na Frescoes Dramatic maka piano, violin na orchestra (1965). Oratori na-ekpughe ihu agha n'akụkụ ya kachasị egwu - dịka ndị na-egbu ọchụ nke nwata. Na 1970, na-ekwu okwu na International ogbako nke ISME (International Association of Children's Music Education) mgbe arụmọrụ nke oratorio "Emetụla Blue Globe", D. Kabalevsky kwuru, sị: "Oratorio nke Eduardas Balsis bụ a doro anya ọdachi ọrụ. nke ahụ na-ahapụ mmetụta na-adịghị agwụ agwụ na omimi nke echiche, ike nke mmetụta , nrụgide dị n'ime. Usoro mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke ọrụ Balsis, nghọta ya na iru újú na ọ joyụ nke ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ ga-anọkarị nso n'oge anyị, nwa amaala nke narị afọ nke XNUMX.

G. Zhdanova