Chicago Symphony Orchestra |

Chicago Symphony Orchestra

A na-amata ndị egwu egwu Symphony Chicago dị ka otu n'ime ndị egwu egwu na-eduga n'oge anyị. Ihe omume nke CSO na-achọsi ike ọ bụghị nanị na obodo ya, kamakwa n'isi obodo egwu nke ụwa. Na Septemba 2010, onye nduzi Italy ama ama Riccardo Muti ghọrọ onye ntụzi egwu nke iri nke CSO. Ọhụụ ya maka ọrụ ndị egwu egwu: mmekọrịta miri emi na ndị na-ege Chicago na-ege ntị, ịkwado ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke ndị egwu, na imekọ ihe ọnụ na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke oge ọhụrụ maka ìgwè ahụ. Onye na-ede akwụkwọ French na onye nduzi Pierre Boulez, onye mmekọrịta ogologo oge ya na CSO nyere aka na nhọpụta ya dị ka onye isi nchịkwa onye ọbịa na 1995, bụ onye a na-akpọ Honorary Conductor nke Helen Rubinstein Foundation na 2006.

Na mmekorita ya na ndị nduzi ama ama n'ụwa na ndị na-ese ihe ọbịa, CSO na-eme ihe nkiri karịrị 150 kwa afọ na Chicago Center, Symphony Center, na oge okpomọkụ ọ bụla na Ravinia Festival na Chicago's North Shore. Site na usoro ọmụmụ ya raara onwe ya nye, "The Institute for Learning, Access, and Training,"CSO na-adọta ihe karịrị 200.000 ndị bi na mpaghara Chicago kwa afọ. Ewepụtara usoro mgbasa ozi atọ gara nke ọma n'afọ 2007: CSO-Resound (akara egwu egwu maka mwepụta CD na nbudata dijitalụ), mgbasa ozi mba nwere mgbasa ozi ọhụrụ kwa izu nke mmepụta nke ha, yana mgbasawanye ọnụnọ CSO na ịntanetị - nbudata nke ndị egwu egwu n'efu. vidiyo na ihe ngosi ọhụrụ.

Na Jenụwarị 2010, Yo-Yo Ma ghọrọ onye ndụmọdụ okike izizi maka Judson & Joyce Green Foundation, nke Riccardo Muti họpụtara maka afọ atọ. N'ime ọrụ a, ọ bụ onye mmekọ bara uru na Maestro Muti, onye nchịkwa CSO na ndị na-egwu egwu, yana site na nka ya na-enweghị atụ na ikike pụrụ iche iji jikọọ na ndị ọzọ, Yo-Yo Ma, yana Muti, aghọwo ezi mkpali nye ndị na-ege Chicago. , na-ekwu maka ike mgbanwe nke egwu. Yo-Yo Ma ga-etinye aka na mmepe na mmejuputa atumatu ohuru, oru na usoro egwu n'okpuru nkwado nke Institute for Learning, Access, and Training.

Abụọ ọhụrụ composers malitere a afọ abụọ mmekorita ya na ndị egwú n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ 2010. Mason Bates na Anna Kline e họpụtara site Riccardo Muti ka curate MusicNOW Concert Series. Site na mmekorita ya na ndị na-ese ihe sitere na mpaghara na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ, Bates na Kline na-agbalịsi ike imebi ihe mgbochi ọdịnala nke obodo Chicago site n'iweta echiche ọhụrụ na mmekọ na ịmepụta ahụmahụ egwu pụrụ iche. Na mgbakwunye na usoro MusicNOW, nke onye ọ bụla dere dere ọhụrụ ibe (premiering na mmiri nke 2011), CSO rụrụ ọrụ site Kline na Bates na ndenye aha concerts nke 2010/11 oge.

Kemgbe 1916, ịdekọ ụda aghọọla akụkụ dị mkpa nke ọrụ ndị egwu egwu. Mwepụta na CSO-Resound label gụnyere Verdi's Requiem nke Riccardo Muti na-eduzi yana gosi Chicago Symphony Choir, Rich Strauss's A Hero's Life na Webern's In the Summer Wind, Symphony nke asaa nke Bruckner, Symphony nke anọ nke Shostakovich, nke mbụ, nke abụọ na Mahlerphony. - niile n'okpuru nduzi nke Bernard Haitink, Poulenc's Gloria (na-egosi soprano Jessica Rivera), Ravel's Daphnis na Chloe na Chicago Symphony Choir n'okpuru B. Haitink, Stravinsky's Pulcinella, Four Etudes na Symphony na mmegharị atọ Pierre Boulez, "Omenala na Mgbanwe" : Ụda nke Chicago's Silk Road, nke na-egosi mkpokọta okporo ụzọ Silk, Yo-Yo Ma na Wu Man; na, maka nbudata naanị, ndekọ nke Shostakovich's Symphony ise nke Moon Wun Chung mere.

CSO bụ onye natara 62 Grammy Awards site na National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Ndekọ nke Shostakovich's Symphony nke anọ na Haitink, nke gụnyere ihe ngosi DVD nke "Gafere Akara ahụ", meriri Grammy 2008 maka "Ọrụ Orchestral Kachasị Mma". N'otu afọ ahụ, Omenala na Mgbanwe: Ụda nke okporo ụzọ Silk meriri Grammy maka Ngwakọta Album Classical Kachasị Mma. Na nso nso a, na 2011, a na-enye ndekọ nke Verdi's Requiem na Riccardo Muti Grammy abụọ: maka "Best Classical Album" na maka "Kasị Mma Choral Performance".

CSO anọwo na-ewepụta mgbasa ozi nke ya kwa izu kemgbe Eprel 2007, nke a na-agbasa na netwọk redio WFMT nke mba, yana n'ịntanetị na webụsaịtị ndị egwu - www.cso.org. Mgbasa ozi ndị a na-enye ụzọ ọhụrụ, dị iche iche maka mmemme redio egwu oge gboo - ọdịnaya dị ndụ ma na-adọrọ adọrọ emebere iji nye nghọta miri emi ma nyekwuo njikọ na egwu egwu a na-egwuri n'oge egwu egwu egwu egwu.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Chicago Symphony malitere na 1891 mgbe Theodore Thomas, onye ndu America ma kweta na "ọsụ ụzọ" na egwu, onye ọchụnta ego Chicago bụ Charles Norman Fey kpọrọ oku ka o guzobe otu egwu egwu egwu ebe a. Ebumnuche Thomas - imepụta egwu egwu na-adịgide adịgide nwere ikike ịrụ ọrụ kachasị elu - emezuolarị na egwu mbụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba nke afọ ahụ. Thomas jere ozi dị ka onye nduzi egwu ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1905. Ọ nwụrụ izu atọ mgbe o nyesịrị ndị obodo onyinye ụlọ nzukọ ahụ, ebe obibi na-adịgide adịgide nke ndị egwú Chicago, nye obodo.

Onye nọchiri Thomas, Frederick Stock, bụ onye malitere ọrụ ya dị ka viola na 1895, ghọrọ osote onye nduzi afọ anọ ka e mesịrị. Ọnụnọ ya n'isi ndị egwu egwu dị afọ 37, site na 1905 ruo 1942 - oge kachasị ogologo nke ndị isi iri nke otu ahụ. Afọ ike na ọrụ ọsụ ụzọ nke Stock na 1919 mere ka o kwe omume ịtọlite ​​​​Civic Orchestra nke Chicago, ìgwè ndị egwu ọzụzụ mbụ na United States nke jikọtara ya na nnukwu egwu egwu. Stock sokwa ndị na-eto eto rụsie ọrụ ike, na-ahazi ihe nkiri ndenye aha mbụ maka ụmụaka na ịmalite usoro egwu egwu ama ama.

Ndị nduzi atọ a ma ama duru ndị egwu egwu n'ime afọ iri sochirinụ: Désiré Defoe site na 1943 ruo 1947, Artur Rodzinsky weghaara ọrụ na 1947/48, Rafael Kubelik dukwasịrị ndị egwu egwu maka oge atọ site na 1950 ruo 1953.

Afọ iri sochirinụ bụ nke Fritz Reiner, onye ihe ndekọ ya na Chicago Symphony Orchestra ka na-ewere dịka ọkọlọtọ. Ọ bụ Reiner onye, ​​na 1957, kpọrọ Margaret Hillis ka ọ hazie Chicago Symphony Choir. Maka oge ise - site na 1963 ruo 1968 - Jean Martinon nwere ọnọdụ onye nduzi egwu.

Sir Georg Solti bụ onye isi egwu nke asatọ nke ndị egwu egwu (1969-1991). O jidere aha onye isi egwu egwu ma soro ndị egwu na-arụ ọrụ ọtụtụ izu n'oge ọ bụla ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na Septemba 1997. Ọbịbịa Solti na Chicago bụ mmalite nke otu n'ime mmekọrịta egwu kacha aga nke ọma n'oge anyị. Njem njem mbụ nke CSO mere na 1971 n'okpuru nduzi ya, na njem ndị sochirinụ na Europe, yana njem na Japan na Australia, mere ka aha ndị na-egwu egwú sikwuo ike dị ka otu n'ime egwu egwu kachasị mma n'ụwa.

A họpụtara Daniel Barenboim onye nduzi egwu na Septemba 1991, ọnọdụ ọ nọrọ ruo June 2006. Akara egwu egwu ya bụ mmeghe nke Chicago New Music Center na 1997, ihe nkiri opera na ụlọ egwu egwu, ọtụtụ ihe ngosi virtuosic na ndị na-egwu egwu na egwu egwu. ọrụ abụọ nke pianist na onye nduzi, njegharị mba ụwa 21 mere n'okpuru nduzi ya (gụnyere njem mbụ na South America) na usoro egwu ndenye aha nke onye na-ede egwú pụtara.

Pierre Boulez, onye bụ onye nduzi nsọpụrụ ugbu a, bụ otu n'ime naanị ndị egwu atọ nwere aha onye isi ndị ọbịa na-eduzi ndị egwu egwu. Carlo Maria Giulini, bụ́ onye malitere ịrụ ọrụ mgbe nile na Chicago ná ngwụsị afọ 1950, a họpụtara ya onye isi ndị ọbịa na 1969, bụ́ ebe ọ nọrọ ruo 1972. Claudio Abbado jere ozi site na 1982 ruo 1985. Site na 2006 ruo 2010, onye nduzi Dutch a ma ama bụ Bernhard Haitink jere ozi dị ka onye nduzi Dutch. Onye isi nduzi, ịmalite ọrụ CSO-Resound na isonye na ọtụtụ njem nlegharị anya mba ụwa nwere mmeri.

The Chicago Symphony Orchestra ejikọtawo ogologo oge na Ravinia na Highland Park, Illinois, na-emebu ebe ahụ na November 1905. Òtù egwú ahụ nyere aka mepee oge mbụ nke Ravinia Festival n'August 1936 ma na-eme ebe ahụ na-aga n'ihu n'oge okpomọkụ kemgbe ahụ.

Ndị nduzi egwu na ndị isi nduzi:

Theodore Thomas (1891-1905) Frederic Stock (1905-1942) Desiree Dafoe (1943-1947) Artur Rodzynski (1947-1948) Rafael Kubelik (1950-1953) Fritz Reiner (1953-1963) Jean-Martin (1963) Hoffman (1968-1968) Georg Solti (1969-1969) Daniel Barenboim (1991-1991) Bernard Haitink (2006-2006) Riccardo Muti (kamgbe 2010)