Avet Rubenovich Terterian (Avet Terterian) |

Terterian Avet

… Avet Terteryan bụ onye na-ede egwú nke symphonism bụ ụzọ e si ekwu okwu. K. Meyer

N'ezie, e nwere ụbọchị na oge na psychological na mmetụta uche karịrị ọtụtụ na ọtụtụ afọ, na-aghọ ụfọdụ ụdị mgbanwe na ndụ mmadụ, ikpebi akara aka ya, ọrụ. Maka nwa nwoke dị afọ iri na abụọ, mgbe e mesịrị, onye na-ede egwú Soviet a ma ama bụ Avet Terteryan, ụbọchị ọnụnọ nke Sergei Prokofiev na ndị enyi ya n'ụlọ nne na nna Avet, na Baku, na njedebe nke 1941, ghọrọ mkpụmkpụ, ma siri ike. . Prokofiev si ejide onwe ya, na-ekwu okwu, na-ekwupụta echiche ya n'ihu ọha, doro anya na-amalite kwa ụbọchị na ọrụ. Na mgbe ahụ, ọ na-ede opera "Agha na Udo", na n'ụtụtụ, ụda egwu dị egwu, na-egbuke egbuke si n'ọnụ ụlọ, ebe piano guzoro.

Ndị ọbịa ahụ hapụrụ, ma afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, mgbe ajụjụ malitere ịhọrọ ọrụ - ma ọ ga-agbaso nzọụkwụ nna ya na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike ma ọ bụ họrọ ihe ọzọ - nwa okorobịa ahụ kpebisiri ike - na ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu. Avet nwetara agụmakwụkwọ izizi ya site na ezinụlọ nke nwere oke egwu - nna ya, onye ọkà mmụta laryngologist a ma ama na Baku, site n'oge ruo n'oge a na-akpọ ya ka ọ bụrụ abụ aha na operas nke P. Tchaikovsky na G. Verdi, nne ya. nwere ezigbo soprano dị egwu, nwanne ya nwoke nke obere Herman mechara bụrụ onye nduzi.

Onye na-ede akwụkwọ Armenia A. Satyan, onye edemede nke abụ ndị a ma ama na Armenia, yana onye nkụzi a ma ama G. Litinsky, mgbe ọ nọ na Baku, gwara Terteryan ka ọ gaa Yerevan na-amụ ihe nke ọma. N'oge na-adịghị anya, Avet banyere Yerevan Conservatory, na klas nke mejupụtara E. Mirzoyan. N'oge ọmụmụ ya, o dere Sonata maka Cello na Piano, bụ nke e nyere ihe nrite na asọmpi Republic na na All-Union Review of Young Composers, romances na okwu nke Russian na Armenian poets, Quartet na C isi, na vocal-symphonic okirikiri "Motherland" - ọrụ nke na-ewetara ya ezigbo ihe ịga nke ọma, nyere All-Union Prize na Young Composers Competition na 1962, na otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị, n'okpuru nduzi nke A. Zhuraitis, ọ na-ada na Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze. Ogidi.

Na-eso ihe ịga nke ọma nke mbụ bịara ọnwụnwa nke mbụ metụtara okirikiri ụda olu a na-akpọ "Revolution". Ọrụ mbụ nke ọrụ ahụ bụkwa nke ikpeazụ. Otú ọ dị, ọrụ ahụ abụghị n'efu. Amaokwu ndị dị ịrịba ama nke onye na-ede uri Armenia, onye na-abụ abụ nke mgbanwe, Yeghishe Charens, ji ike ha dị ike jide echiche nke onye dere ya, ụda akụkọ ihe mere eme, ike ọha na eze. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ, n'oge oge ọdịda ihe okike, na-enwe nnukwu nchịkọta ike na isi isiokwu nke imepụta ihe. Mgbe ahụ, mgbe ọ dị afọ 35, onye na-ede egwú maara nke ọma - ọ bụrụ na ịnweghị ya, ị gaghị etinye aka na nhazi, na n'ọdịnihu ọ ga-egosipụta uru nke echiche a: nke ya, isi isiokwu ... O bilitere na nchikota nke echiche - Motherland na Revolution, mmata dialectical nke ọnụọgụ ndị a, na-egosipụta ọdịdị nke mmekọrịta ha. Echiche nke ide opera jupụtara na ebumnobi dị elu nke uri Charents zigara onye dere ya ka ọ chọọ nkata mgbanwe dị nkọ. Onye nta akụkọ V. Shakhnazaryan, nwere mmasị ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ, n'oge na-adịghị anya tụrụ aro - akụkọ B. Lavrenev "Iri anọ na mbụ". Emere ihe omume opera ahụ na Armenia, ebe n'otu afọ ahụ agha mgbanwe na-aga n'ugwu Zangezur. Ndị dike ahụ bụ nwa agbọghọ onye ọrụ ugbo na onye isi ndị agha mbụ tupu mgbanwe mgbanwe. Ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ, ndị na-agụ egwu, na akụkụ solo, nụrụ amaokwu ndị Charents na-akpali akpali na opera.

Opera nwetara nzaghachi dị ukwuu, a ghọtara dị ka ọrụ na-egbuke egbuke, nkà, ọrụ ọhụrụ. Afọ ole na ole ka e mechara ihe ngosi na Yerevan (1967), e mere ya na ogbo nke ihe nkiri na Halle (GDR), na 1978 meghere International Festival of GF Handel, nke a na-eme kwa afọ n'ala nna onye dere ya.

Mgbe emechara opera, onye na-ede egwú na-ede symphonies 6. Ohere nke nghọta nkà ihe ọmụma na oghere symphonic nke otu ihe oyiyi, otu isiokwu na-adọta ya karịsịa. Mgbe ahụ ballet "Richard III" dabeere na W. Shakespeare, opera "Ala ọmajijijiji" nke dabeere na akụkọ nke German odee G. Kleist "Ala ọmajijijiji na Chile" na ọzọ symphonies - nke asaa, nke asatọ - pụtara. Onye ọ bụla nke jiri nlezianya gee egwu egwu Terteryaia ọ dịkarịa ala otu ugboro ga-emecha mata egwu ya ngwa ngwa. Ọ bụ kpọmkwem, oghere, chọrọ nlebara anya lekwasịrị anya. N'ebe a, ụda ọ bụla na-apụta bụ ihe oyiyi n'onwe ya, echiche, anyị na-esokwa nlebara anya na-enweghị atụ nke mmegharị ya ọzọ, dị ka akara aka nke dike. Onyonyo ụda nke symphonies na-eru ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkwa ngosipụta: ihe mkpuchi ụda, onye na-eme ụda, nke bụkwa ihe atụ uri, anyị na-akọwapụta ihe ọ pụtara. Ọrụ Terteryan na-agba ndị na-ege ntị ume ịtụgharị uche n'ime ha gaa n'ezi ụkpụrụ nke ndụ, na isi mmalite ya ebighi ebi, iche echiche banyere adịghị ike nke ụwa na ịma mma ya. Ya mere, ọnụ ọnụ ọnụ uri nke egwu egwu Terterian na operas na-abụkarị nkebi ahịrịokwu kacha mfe nke sitere n'asụsụ ndị mmadụ, nke a na-eme site n'olu, ihe kachasị mma nke ngwa, ma ọ bụ site na ngwa ọdịnala. Nke a bụ ka akụkụ nke abụọ nke Symphony nke Abụọ na-ada - mmụgharị baritone monophonic; ihe omume sitere na Symphony nke atọ - mkpokọta duduks abụọ na zurn abụọ; ukwe nke kamancha nke na-agbagharị okirikiri dum na Symphony nke ise; dapa party na nke asaa; na elu nke isii a ga-enwe otu ukwe, ebe kama okwu enwere ụda nke mkpụrụedemede Armenia "ayb, ben, gim, dan", wdg dị ka ụdị akara ngosi nke mmụta na mmụọ. Nke kachasị mfe, ọ ga-adị ka akara, ma ha nwere nkọwa miri emi. Na nke a, ọrụ Terteryan na-ekwughachi nkà nke ndị na-ese ihe dị ka A. Tarkovsky na S. Parajanov. Kedu ihe bụ symphonies gị maka? ndị na-ege ntị na-ajụ Terteryan. "Banyere ihe niile," onye na-ede egwú na-aza, na-ahapụ onye ọ bụla ka ọ ghọta ọdịnaya ha.

A na-eme egwu egwu Terterian n'ememme egwu mba ụwa kacha ewu ewu - na Zagreb, ebe a na-eme nyocha nke egwu oge a n'oge opupu ihe ubi ọ bụla, na "Warsaw Autumn", na West Berlin. Ha na-ada ụda na mba anyị - na Yerevan, Moscow, Leningrad, Tbilisi, Minsk, Tallinn, Novosibirsk, Saratov, Tashkent ... N'ihi na onye nduzi, Terteryan si music ga-emepe ohere iji ya kere ike dị ka onye na-egwu egwu nke ukwuu. Onye na-eme ihe nkiri ebe a dị ka etinyere ya na ngalaba-ede akwụkwọ. Nkọwa na-adọrọ mmasị: symphonies, dabere na nkọwa ya, na ikike, dị ka onye na-ede egwú na-ekwu, "ige ntị na ụda", nwere ike ịdịru oge dị iche iche. Symphony nke anọ ya dara ma nkeji 22 na 30, nke asaa - na 27 na 38! Mmekọrịta dị otú ahụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike, na-emepụta ihe na onye na-ede egwú gụnyere D. Khanjyan, onye ntụgharị okwu magburu onwe ya nke 4 mbụ ya. G. Rozhdestvensky, onye a na-ada ụda nke anọ na nke ise na-egbuke egbuke, A. Lazarev, onye na-arụ ọrụ ya na Symphony nke isii na-ada ụda nke ọma, nke e dere maka ndị egwú ụlọ, ụlọ ukwe na phonogram 9 nwere ndekọ nke nnukwu egwu egwu egwu, ụbọ akwara na mgbịrịgba. chimes.

Egwu Terteryan na-akpọkwa onye na-ege ntị ka ọ gbakọọ aka. Ebumnuche ya bụ ijikọ mbọ ime mmụọ nke ma onye na-ede egwú, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ege ntị na nghọta ndụ na-adịghị agwụ agwụ na nke siri ike.

M. Rukhkyan