Zara Alexandrovna Dolukhanova |

Zara Dolukhanova

A mụrụ ya na March 15, 1918 na Moscow. Nna - Makaryan Agassi Markovich. Nne - Makaryan Elena Gaykovna. Nwanne nwanyị - Dagmara Alexandrovna. Ụmụ nwoke: Mikhail Dolukhanyan, Sergey Yadrov. Ụmụ ụmụ: Alexander, Igor.

Nne Zara nwere olu mara mma na-adịghị ahụkebe. Ọ mụtara ịbụ abụ na AV Yuryeva, onye a ma ama soloist, comrade-in-arms na enyi nke AV Nezhdanova n'oge gara aga, na VV Barsova kụziiri ya piano art, dị nnọọ obere na ndị afọ, n'ọdịnihu prima donna nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri. . Nna m bụ onye injinia, na-akụ egwu n'anya, na-amụta violin na piano n'adabereghị ya, bụ onye na-akụ ụda n'otu egwu egwu na-amu amu. Ya mere, ụmụ nwanyị abụọ nke nne na nna nwere nkà, Dagmara na Zara, site na ụbọchị mbụ nke ndụ ha, dị na mbara igwe jupụtara na egwu, site na nwata, e mere ka ha mara omenala egwú. Site na mgbe ọ dị afọ ise, obere Zara malitere ịmụ piano site na ON Karandasheva-Yakovleva, na mgbe ọ dị afọ iri, ọ banyere ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu ụmụaka nke aha ya bụ KN Igumnov. Ugbua n'afọ nke atọ nke ọmụmụ, n'okpuru nduzi nke onye nkụzi ya SN Nikiforova, ọ na-egwuri sonatas nke Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Bach's preludes na fugues. N'oge na-adịghị, Zara kwagara na klas violin na otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị ọ ghọrọ nwa akwụkwọ na Gnessin Music College, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ site na 1933 ruo 1938.

N'ụlọ akwụkwọ nkà na ụzụ egwu, onye nkụzi ya bụ onye ọkachamara dị ịrịba ama, bụ onye zụlitere ụyọkọ kpakpando nke ndị na-ahụ maka violin a ma ama, Pyotr Abramovich Bondarenko, onye prọfesọ na Gnessin Institute na Conservatory. N'ikpeazụ, Zara dị afọ iri na isii, bụ onye mbụ sonyeere ọrụ abụọ nke ngwá ọrụ, chọtara isi ụzọ ya. Uru dị na nke a bụ onye na-agụ ụlọ na onye nkụzi VM Belyaeva-Tarasevich. Onye nkuzi ahụ, dabere na ndetu igbe igbe mara mma na nke mara mma, matara olu ya dị ka mezzo-soprano. Klas na Vera Manuilovna nyeere olu onye na-agụ egwú n'ọdịnihu aka ka ọ dịkwuo ike, tọrọ ntọala siri ike maka mmepe kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ.

Afọ ọmụmụ nke Zara na College of Music dabara na ụbọchị nke onye na-ede egwú Rọshịa na ime ụlọ akwụkwọ. N'ime ụlọ nchekwa na Ụlọ Nzukọ nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ụlọ Ọrụ, tinyere ndị na-ese ihe n'ụlọ, ndị na-eme ememme si mba ọzọ mere, ndị nna ukwu nke ọgbọ ochie na-anọchi anya ndị na-eto eto na-eto eto, ndị mmekọ nke onye na-agụ egwú n'ọdịnihu. Ma ka ọ dị ugbu a, na 30s, ọ naghị eche echiche banyere ọkwa ọkachamara ma dị iche na ndị ọrụ ibe ya - ụmụ akwụkwọ novice naanị na arụmọrụ ya ka ukwuu na ịdị njọ, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na-adịghị agwụ agwụ maka ahụmahụ ọhụrụ. N'ime ndị na-abụ abụ ụlọ, Zare na afọ ndị ahụ kacha nso NA Obukhova, MP Maksakova, VA Davydova, ND Shpiller, S.Ya. Lemeshev. Otu onye na-akụ ngwá egwú n’oge na-adịbeghị anya, Zara na-eto eto dọtara mmetụta mmetụta uche n’ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri nke ndị na-akụ violin, ndị na-akụ pian, na n’ebe a na-emekọ ihe ọnụ.

Ọganihu ọkachamara nke Zara Alexandrovna, uto na nkwalite nke nkà ya adịkwaghị ejikọta ya na ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ. Na-agụsịghị akwụkwọ na nkà na ụzụ ụlọ akwụkwọ, ọ hapụrụ Yerevan n'ihi na onwe ihe - nzukọ na Alexander Pavlovich Dolukhanyan, na-eto eto, mara mma, nkà, ịhụnanya na alụmdi na nwunye gbanwere n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama na-emebu ndụ uda nke ezi, ịdị uchu nwa akwụkwọ. A kwụsịrị ọmụmụ ihe ahụ obere oge tupu ule ikpeazụ. Dolukhanyan weghaara ọrụ nke onye nkuzi olu ma kwenye nwunye ya na mmasị maka ụdị ezinụlọ nke "conservatory", karịsịa ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ onye nwere ikike nke ukwuu na okwu olu na nkà na ụzụ, onye maara otú na-enwe mmasị ịrụ ọrụ na ya. ndị na-abụ abụ, ma e wezụga, onye na-agụ egwú nke ukwuu, na-ekwenyekarị na ya ziri ezi. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ dị ka pianist na Leningrad Conservatory, na 1935 ọ dechara postgraduate ọmụmụ na SI Savshinsky, ndị kasị ikike prọfesọ, isi nke ngalaba, na n'oge na-adịghị mgbe alụmdi na nwunye ya malitere imeziwanye na mejupụtara na N.Ya. Myaskovsky. Ugbua na Yerevan, na-akụzi piano na ụlọ klas na conservatory, Dolukhanyan nyere ọtụtụ concerts na otu ensemble na-eto eto Pavel Lisitsian. Zara Alexandrovna na-echeta oge a nke ndụ ya, na-etinye aka na creativity, nchịkọta nkà, dị ka obi ụtọ ma na-amị mkpụrụ.

Ebe ọ bụ na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1938 na Yerevan, onye na-agụ egwú n'amaghị ama sonye na ihe nkiri ndụ na-enwe obi ụtọ ikuku nke nkwadebe maka afọ iri nke Armenia art na Moscow, na-eche banyere ndị ikwu ya - forum sonyere: mgbe niile, otu afọ tupu alụmdi na nwunye ya na Dolukhanyan. , Ọ lụrụ kpakpando na-arị elu nke ogbo Armenia - baritone Pavel Lisitsian Dagmar nwanne nwanyị tọrọ pụta. Ma ezinụlọ na zuru ike na October 1939 gara Moscow maka afọ iri. Na n'oge na-adịghị, Zara n'onwe ya ghọrọ a soloist nke Yerevan Ụlọ ihe nkiri.

Dolukhanova mere dị ka Dunyasha na The Tsar's Bride, Polina na Queen of Spades. A na-eduzi operas abụọ ahụ n'okpuru nduzi nke onye nduzi MA Tavrizian, onye na-ese ihe siri ike na nke siri ike. Isonye na mmepụta ya bụ ule siri ike, ule mbụ nke ntozu okè. Mgbe obere ezumike n'ihi ọmụmụ nwa na nọrọ na di ya na Moscow, Zara Alexandrovna laghachiri na Yerevan Ụlọ ihe nkiri, ọ bụ na mmalite nke agha, na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na opera akụkụ nke mezzo-soprano. akwụkwọ akụkọ. Ndụ egwu nke isi obodo Armenia n'oge ahụ gara n'ihu n'ụzọ siri ike n'ihi ndị na-egwu egwu a ma ama na-akwaga Yerevan. Onye na-eto eto na-abụ abụ nwere onye ọ ga-amụta n'aka ya n'egbughị oge ntolite okike ya. N'ime ọtụtụ oge ọrụ na Yerevan, Zara Dolukhanova kwadebere ma rụọ ọrụ nke Countess de Ceprano na Page na Rigoletto, Emilia na Othello, Nwa agbọghọ nke Abụọ na Anush, Gayane na Almast, Olga na Eugene Onegin. Na mberede mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na isii - nke ọma na ụlọ ihe nkiri! Gịnị kpatara? Onye mbụ zara ajụjụ a dị egwu, n'ịchọpụta mgbanwe na-abịanụ, bụ Mikael Tavrizian, onye isi nduzi nke Yerevan Opera n'oge ahụ. Na njedebe nke 1943, o doro anya na ọ bụ qualitative mmali mere na-eto eto na-ese na mmepe nke ime usoro, kwuru na pụrụ iche brilliance nke coloratura, ọhụrụ agba nke timbre. Ọ bịara doo anya na onye nweburu etolitela na-abụ abụ, bụ onye na-echere ọdịnihu dị mma, mana ọ naghị ejikọta ya na ụlọ ihe nkiri, kama na ọrụ egwu. Dị ka onye na-agụ egwú n'onwe ya si kwuo, ịbụ abụ ụlọ nyere ohere ka ọ na-agụsi ya agụụ ike maka nkọwa nke onye ọ bụla na ọrụ efu na-enweghị njedebe na izu oke ụda.

Ịgba mbọ maka izu oke olu bụ otu n'ime ihe na-echegbu onye na-agụ egwú. O nwetara nke a karịsịa mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ A. na D. Scarlatti, A. Caldara, B. Marcello, J. Pergolesi na ndị ọzọ. Ndekọ ọrụ ndị a nwere ike ịghọ ihe enyemaka nkuzi dị mkpa maka ndị na-abụ abụ. N'ụzọ doro anya, klas nke onye na-agụ egwú ekpughere na arụmọrụ nke Bach na Handel. Ihe nkiri Zara Dolukhanova gụnyere ụda olu na ọrụ F. Schubert, R. Schumann, F. Liszt, I. Brahms, R. Strauss, yana Mozart, Beethoven, Stravinsky, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Sviridov na ndị ọzọ. Russian Chamber Music na repertoire onye na-agụ egwú tinyere dum ogologo mmemme. N'ime ndị na-ede egwú nke oge a, Zara Alexandrovna rụkwara ọrụ Y. Shaporin, R. Shchedrin, S. Prokofiev, A. Dolukhanyan, M. Tariverdiev, V. Gavrilin, D. Kabalevsky na ndị ọzọ.

Ọrụ nka Dolukhanova na-ekpuchi oge afọ iri anọ. Ọ bụrụ abụ n'ụlọ nzukọ egwu kacha mma na Europe, North na South America, Asia, Australia na New Zealand. N'ọtụtụ ebe egwu kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa, onye na-agụ egwú na-enye egwu egwu mgbe niile yana nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma.

A na-enwe ekele maka nkà nke ZA Dolukhanova na mba na mba ọzọ. Na 1951, e nyere ya ihe nrite steeti maka ịrụ ọrụ egwu pụtara ìhè. Na 1952 ọ e nyere aha nke na-asọpụrụ Artist nke Armenia, na mgbe ahụ, na 1955, ndị mmadụ Artist nke Armenia. Na 1956, ZA Dolukhanova - ndị mmadụ Artist nke RSFSR. Na February 6, Paul Robeson nyere Dolukhanova Asambodo Ekele nke Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Udo Ụwa nyere ya n'ihe gbasara ncheta afọ iri nke òtù udo zuru ụwa ọnụ "Maka onyinye ya pụtara ìhè n'ịkwalite udo na ọbụbụenyi n'etiti ndị mmadụ." Na 1966, onye mbụ n'ime ndị na-abụ abụ Soviet, Z. Dolukhanova, nwetara ihe nrite Lenin. Na 1990, onye na-agụ egwú nwetara aha nsọpụrụ nke ndị mmadụ Artist nke USSR. A na-egosipụtakwa mmasị na-enweghị atụ na ọrụ ya n'eziokwu na, dịka ọmụmaatụ, naanị n'ime oge site na 1990 ruo 1995, ndị ụlọ ọrụ Melodiya, Monitor, Austro Mechana na Russian Disc wepụtara CD asatọ.

PER. Dolukhanova bụ onye prọfesọ na Gnessin Russian Academy of Music ma kụziere otu klas na Gnessin Institute, na-ekere òkè na ndị juri nke asọmpi egwu. O nwere ihe karịrị ụmụ akwụkwọ 30, ọtụtụ n'ime ha aghọwo ndị nkụzi n'onwe ha.

Ọ nwụrụ na December 4, 2007 na Moscow.