Mgbanwe dị egwu |
Mmetụta dị iche iche - ọnọdụ nke a na-arụ ọrụ nke mgbọrọgwụ (tonic) nke ọzọ site na ụda dị iche iche nke otu ọnụ ọgụgụ, yana ọnọdụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ ya na-agbanwe na otu tonic (tonic) (dị ka IV Sposobin).
Echiche nke "P. l." A na-etinyekarị ya na nke mbụ n'ime ụdịdị ndị a, ọ bụ ezie na a ga-akpọ ya variable-tonal, na nke abụọ - n'ezie
egwu ndị Russia "Ị bụ ubi m."
mgbanwe obi. P.l. nkịtị na Nar. egwu, karịsịa na Russian. Na-ekwu maka adịghị ike nke etiti ụda ụda na-enye ya ohere ịgbanwe n'ụzọ dị mfe n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nzọụkwụ ọ bụla, ọ dịghịkwa mmetụta mgbanwe. Ihe dị iche n'etiti mgbanwe mgbanwe-modal ngbanwe nke nkwado site na modulation bụ na enweghị ịhapụ otu igodo ma guzobe ọzọ, ma ọ bụ na njikọta nke abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa. igodo (nwere otu ọnụ ọgụgụ) n'ime otu modal dum. Mmetụta nke abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa na-emeri. agba nke otu modal usoro (MI Glinka, "Ivan Susanin", 1st act, chorus "Ice were osimiri juputara"). A na-ahụ nke a karịsịa n'ụdị P.l. - nkụda mmụọ na-agbanwe agbanwe (lee ihe atụ dị n'elu, yana ihe atụ nke egwu Russia "Nwa ọhụrụ na-eje ije n'oké ọhịa" na isiokwu ụda ụda). Ịdị nro nke ntụgharị site n'otu nkwado gaa na nke ọzọ, nke a na-emekarị maka P. l., na-enye ya àgwà dị nro dị nwayọọ. Otú ọ dị, nkọwa ọzọ nke nkwuwapụta ya nwekwara ike - lee, dịka ọmụmaatụ, akụkụ nke abụọ nke opera Prince Igor nke Borodin dere:
Egwu mmadụ bụ anụ ọhịa.
Na echiche nke Middle Ages. frets maka okwu "P. l." echiche metụtara ya bụ tonus peregrinus ("ụda na-awagharị awagharị", dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'abụ nke antiphon "Nos qui vivimus"), nke na-egosi njedebe nke abụ na decomp. finales, yana mgbanwe nke nkwado fret ndị ọzọ. Echiche nke narị afọ nke 17 yiri ihe ọ pụtara. alteratio modi ("mgbanwe nke ọnọdụ"), etinyere na iberibe nke na-amalite n'otu ụda wee kwụsị na nke ọzọ (nke K. Bernhard); enwere ike ịkọwa mgbanwe na ụda ma dị ka modulation na dịka P.l. NP Diletskii (70s nke narị afọ nke 17) na-atụ anya echiche nke P. l. na nkuzi nke "egwu agwakọta". Maka mgbanwe modal na Russian. nar. NA Lvov (1790) dọọrọ uche gaa na abụ ndị ahụ, ma kọwaa ha dị ka "ọdịdị egwu egwu" (abụ nke 25 na 30 sitere na nchịkọta "Mchịkọta egwu egwu ndị Russia na olu ha ..." site na Lvov-Prach). Ma n'ezie, echiche na okwu "Pl." VL Yavorsky bu ụzọ tụpụta ya. Ya theoretical nkọwa sie gbadaa na eziokwu na ụfọdụ ụda kwụsie ike n'otu akụkụ nke modal Ọdịdị, na-ejighị n'aka na ọzọ (reversible ike ndọda, dị ka VA Zuckerman ihe atụ, ụda ga).
Yu. N. Tyulin jikọtara ihe omume P.l. na mmụba nke ọrụ ụdọ agbanwe agbanwe.
References: Lvov HA, On Russian Folk Singing, n'akwụkwọ ya: mkpokọta nke Russian Folk Songs with their Voices, St. Petersburg, 1790, e bipụtara ọzọ. M., 1955; Diletsky HP, Grammar Egwu, (St. Petersburg), 1910; Protopopov EV, Ihe nhazi nke okwu egwu egwu, akụkụ 1-2. M., 1930; Tyulin Yu. N., Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke nkwekọrịta, akụkụ 2, M., 1959; Vakhromeev VA, Modal Ọdịdị nke Russian folk songs na ọmụmụ ya na N'ezie nke elementrị music tiori, M., 1968; Sposobin IV, Nkuzi gbasara usoro nkwekọ, M., 1969; Protopopov VI, Nikolai Diletsky na "ụtọ ụtọ asụsụ" ya, "Musica Antiqua", IV, Bydgoszcz, 1975; Tsukerman VA, Ụfọdụ ajụjụ nkwekọ, n'akwụkwọ ya: musical-theoretical edemede na etudes, vol. 2, M., 1975; Müller-Blattau J., Die Kompositionslehre Heinrich Schützens na der Fassung seines Schülers Christoph Bernhard, Lpz., 1926, Kassel ua, 1963.
Yu. H. Kholopov
