Theremin: kedu ihe ọ bụ, kedu ka ngwá ọrụ si arụ ọrụ, onye mepụtara ya, ụdị, ụda, akụkọ ihe mere eme

A na-akpọ Theremin ngwa egwu dị omimi. N'ezie, onye na-eme ihe na-eguzo n'ihu obere ihe mejupụtara, na-efegharị aka ya nke ọma dị ka onye dibịa afa, egwu egwu na-adịghị ahụkebe, nke a kpụrụ akpụ, na-erutekwa ndị na-ege ntị. Maka ụda ya pụrụ iche, a na-akpọ themin ahụ "ngwa ọnwa", a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe maka egwu egwu nke ihe nkiri na mbara igwe na isiokwu sayensị.

Gịnị bụ theremin

Enweghị ike ịkpọ themin ahụ ihe egwu, eriri ma ọ bụ ngwa ikuku. Iji wepụta ụda, onye na-eme ihe adịghị mkpa imetụ ngwaọrụ ahụ aka.

Theremin bụ ngwá ọrụ ike nke na-esi na ya na-agbanwe mmegharị nke mkpịsị aka mmadụ gburugburu antenna pụrụ iche ka ọ bụrụ ịma jijiji nke ebili mmiri.

Ngwa egwu na-enye gị ohere:

• mee egwu oge gboo, jazz, ụdị pop n'otu n'otu yana dịka akụkụ nke egwu egwu egwu;
• mepụta mmetụta ụda (trills nnụnụ, ume ikuku na ndị ọzọ);
• ime ka egwu egwu na egwu egwu maka ihe nkiri, ihe nkiri, ihe nkiri egwuregwu.

Kpụrụ ọrụ

Ụkpụrụ nke ịrụ ọrụ nke ngwá egwú na-adabere na nghọta na ụda bụ ụda ikuku, dị ka ndị na-emepụta oghere electromagnetic, na-eme ka wires eletrik na-agba. Ihe dị n'ime ime ngwaọrụ ahụ bụ ụzọ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta oscillation. Ugboro dị iche n'etiti ha bụ ugboro ụda. Mgbe onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-ebute mkpịsị aka ha nso na antenna, ikike nke ubi gburugburu ya na-agbanwe, na-eme ka ndetu dị elu.

Theremin nwere antenna abụọ:

• etiti, emebere iji dozie olu (nke ejiri nkwụ aka ekpe mee);
• mkpanaka ịgbanwe igodo (n'aka nri).

Onye na-eme ihe nkiri, na-ebute mkpịsị aka ya nso na antenna loop, na-eme ka ụda ahụ dịkwuo elu. Ịweta mkpịsị aka gị nso na antenna mkpanaka na-abawanye ụda.

Ụdị nke theremin

Ekerela ụdị dị iche iche nke theremin. A na-emepụta ngwaọrụ n'usoro na n'otu n'otu.

classic

Nke mbụ mepụtara theremin, nke a na-enye ọrụ ya site na mmegharị aka abụọ nke aka ike na mpaghara electromagnetic gbara antennas gburugburu. Onye egwu na-arụ ọrụ mgbe ọ na-eguzo.

Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị kpochapụwo dị ụkọ emebere na mmalite nke mgbasa nke ngwa:

• otu onye egwu America Clara Rockmore dere;
• onye na-eme ihe nkiri Lucy Rosen, nke a na-akpọ "onye ozi nke themin";
• Natalia Lvovna Theremin - ada nke onye okike nke ngwaọrụ egwu;
• 2 akwụkwọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie debere na Moscow Polytechnic na Central Museum of Musical Culture.

Ọmụmaatụ ochie bụ nke a na-ahụkarị. Ihe nlereanya a na-ere nke ọma sitere na onye nrụpụta America Moog, nke malitere ire ngwá ọrụ pụrụ iche kemgbe 1954.

Sistemụ Kowalski

Onye na-egwu egwu Konstantin Ioilevich Kovalsky chepụtara ụdị pedal nke themin. Mgbe ọ na-akpọ ngwá ọrụ ahụ, onye na-eme ihe na-eji ọbụ aka aka nri na-achịkwa pitch. Aka ekpe, site na ngọngọ nwere bọtịnụ njikwa, na-achịkwa njirimara bụ isi nke ụda ewepụtara. Pedal bụ maka ịgbanwe olu. Onye na-egwu egwu na-arụ ọrụ na ọdụ.

Ụdị pedal nke Kowalski abụghị ihe a na-ahụkarị. Ma ọ na-eji ụmụ akwụkwọ Kovalsky - Lev Korolev na Zoya Dugina-Ranevskaya, bụ ndị haziri Moscow ọmụmụ na theremin. Nwa akwụkwọ Dunina-Ranevskaya, Olga Milanich, bụ naanị onye na-egwu egwu na-egwu egwu pedal.

Onye na-emepụta ihe Lev Dmitrievich Korolev nwalere ogologo oge na nhazi nke themin. N'ihi ya, e kere tershumfon - ihe dị iche iche nke ngwá ọrụ ahụ, nke e mere iji mepụta ụda ụda dị warara, nke ejiri ụda ụda na-egbuke egbuke mara.

Matremin

Enyere ihe egwu dị iche iche nke Masami Takeuchi Japanese chepụtara na 1999. Ndị Japan dị ka ụmụ bebi akwụ, ya mere onye na-emepụta ihe zoro ndị na-emepụta ọkụ n'ime ihe egwuregwu Russia. A na-edozi olu nke ngwaọrụ ahụ na-akpaghị aka, a na-achịkwa ụda ụda site n'ịgbanwe ọnọdụ nke nkwụ. Ụmụ akwụkwọ nke ndị Japan nwere nkà na-ahazi nnukwu egwu egwu nwere ihe karịrị 200 sonyere.

Virtual

Ihe mepụtara nke ọgbara ọhụrụ bụ mmemme themin maka kọmpụta ihuenyo mmetụ na smartphones. A na-egosipụta usoro nhazi na nyocha, otu axis na-egosi ugboro ugboro nke ụda, nke abụọ - olu.

Onye na-eme ihe na-emetụ ihe nleba anya n'ebe ụfọdụ nhazi. Ihe omume ahụ, na-ahazi ozi ahụ, na-atụgharị isi ihe ndị a họọrọ n'ime ụda na ụda, ma nweta ụda achọrọ. Mgbe ị na-ebugharị mkpịsị aka gị n'ofe ihe nleba anya na ụzọ kwụ ọtọ, ụda ahụ na-agbanwe, n'akụkụ kwụ ọtọ, olu.

Akụkọ ihe okike

Onye na-emepụta themin - Lev Sergeevich Termen - onye na-egwu egwu, ọkà mmụta sayensị, onye nchoputa nke ngwá electronic, onye mbụ, nke ọtụtụ asịrị gbara ya gburugburu. A na-enyo enyo na ọ bụ onye nledo, ha kwenyesiri ike na ngwá egwú ahụ e kere eke dị ịtụnanya na ihe omimi nke na onye edemede n'onwe ya na-atụ egwu egwu ya.

Lev Theremin sitere na ezinụlọ mara mma, a mụrụ na St. Petersburg na 1896. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na conservatory, ghọrọ cellist, nọgidere na-agụ akwụkwọ na Faculty of Physics and Mathematics. N'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, Lev Sergeevich rụrụ ọrụ dị ka a nkwukọrịta engineer. N'oge agha mgbe agha gasịrị, ọ malitere sayensị, na-amụ ihe ọkụ eletrik nke gas. Mgbe ahụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ngwá egwú malitere, nke natara aha ya site n'aha onye okike na okwu "vox" - olu.

Ihe a rụpụtara hụrụ ìhè ahụ n’afọ 1919. N’afọ 1921, ọkà mmụta sayensị ahụ nyere ndị ọha na eze ngwá ọrụ ahụ, nke mere ka obi tọọ ha ụtọ na ihe ijuanya. A kpọrọ Lev Sergeevich ka ọ bụrụ Lenin, bụ onye nyere iwu ozugbo ka e zigara onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na njem nleta nke mba ahụ na-emepụta ihe egwu. Lenin, bụ́ onye n'oge ahụ na-etinye uche n'ịkụnye ọkụ, hụrụ n'ime ebe ahụ otu ngwá ọrụ e ji akwalite echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.

N'ọgwụgwụ 1920s, Theremin gara Western Europe, wee gaa United States, mgbe ọ ka bụ nwa amaala Soviet. Enwere asịrị na n'okpuru onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na onye na-egwu egwu e zigara ya ka ọ gaa nledo, iji chọpụta ọganihu sayensị.

Ngwá egwu a na-adịghị ahụkebe ná mba ọzọ mere ka obi tọọ ya ụtọ karịa n'ụlọ. Ndị Parisi rere tiketi maka ihe nkiri ọnwa ole na ole tupu okwu nke ọkà mmụta sayensị-ọgwụ. Na 1930s, Theremin tọrọ ntọala Teletouch ụlọ ọrụ na USA na-emepụta theremins.

Na mbụ, azụmahịa ahụ na-aga nke ọma, ma n'oge na-adịghị anya, mmasị ịzụrụ ihe kwụsịrị. Ọ tụgharịrị na ịga nke ọma na-egwu themin, ị chọrọ ezigbo ntị maka music, ọbụna ọkachamara egwú adịghị mgbe niile ịnagide ngwá. Ka ọ ghara ịdaba, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ weghaara mmepụta nke mkpu.

iji

Ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ, a na-ewere ngwá ọrụ ahụ echefu. Ọ bụ ezie na ohere nke igwu egwu na ya pụrụ iche.

Ụfọdụ ndị na-egwu egwu na-agbalị ịmaliteghachi mmasị na ngwaọrụ egwu. The nwa nwa Lev Sergeevich Termen tọrọ ntọala na Moscow na St. Petersburg nanị ụlọ akwụkwọ nke na-egwu themin na CIS mba. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ọzọ, nke Masami Takeuchi a kpọtụrụ aha na mbụ na-elekọta, dị na Japan.

Enwere ike ịnụ ụda themin na fim. Na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 20, e wepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ bụ "Man on the Moon", nke na-ekwu banyere onye na-enyocha mbara igwe Neil Armstrong. Na egwu egwu, theremin na-anụ nke ọma, na-ebuga n'ụzọ doro anya ikuku nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mbara igwe.

Taa, ngwá egwú na-amaliteghachi ọhụrụ. Ha na-echeta banyere ya, na-agbalị iji ya na jazz concerts, na oge gboo orchestras, kwado ya na electronic na agbụrụ music. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ bụ naanị mmadụ 15 nọ n'ụwa na-egwu themin dị ka ọkachamara, ụfọdụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na-ejikwa onwe ha kụziere onwe ha ihe, ha enweghịkwa agụmakwụkwọ n'egwú.

The theremin bụ ngwa na-eto eto, na-ekwe nkwa nke nwere ụda pụrụ iche, nke anwansi. Onye ọ bụla nke chọrọ, site n'ịgbalị, na-enwe ike ịmụta ka esi egwu ya nke ọma. Maka onye ọ bụla na-eme ihe nkiri, ngwá ọrụ ahụ na-ada ụda mbụ, na-ebute ọnọdụ na àgwà. A na-atụ anya inwe mmasị na ngwaọrụ pụrụ iche.