Mikhail Mikhailovich Ippolitov-Ivanov |

Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov

Mgbe ị na-eche banyere Soviet composers nke okenye ọgbọ, nke M. Ippolitov-Ivanov bụ nke, ị na-involuntarily tụrụ na versatility nke ha kere ọrụ. Na N. Myaskovsky, na R. Glier, na M. Gnesin, na Ippolitov-Ivanov ifịk ifịk gosiri onwe ha dị iche iche ubi na mbụ afọ mgbe Great October Socialist mgbanwe.

Ippolitov-Ivanov zutere Great October dị ka onye tozuru okè, onye tozuru okè na onye na-agụ egwú. N'oge a, ọ bụ onye okike nke ise opera, ọtụtụ ọrụ symphonic, n'etiti nke Caucasian Sketches bịara mara nke ọma, nakwa onye edemede nke na-akpali ukwe na romances nke chọtara magburu onwe onye na onye F. Chaliapin, A. Nezhdanova. , N. Kalinina, V Petrova-Zvantseva na ndị ọzọ. Ụzọ okike nke Ippolitov-Ivanov malitere na 1882 na Tiflis, ebe ọ bịarutere mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na St. N'ime afọ ndị a, onye na-eto eto na-ede egwú na-etinye ike dị ukwuu n'ịrụ ọrụ (ọ bụ onye nduzi nke ụlọ opera), na-akụzi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu, ma mepụta ọrụ mbụ ya. Nnwale mbụ nke Ippolitov-Ivanov mere (operas Ruth, Azra, Caucasian Sketches) egosilarị njirimara njirimara nke ụdị ya n'ozuzu ya: melodic melodiousness, lyricism, gravitation kwupụta obere ụdị. Mma dị ịtụnanya nke Georgia, ememe ndị mmadụ na-amasị onye na-agụ egwú Russia. Ọ na-enwe mmasị na akụkọ ifo ndị Jọjia, na-edetu abụ ndị mmadụ na Kakheti na 1883 ma mụọ ha.

N'afọ 1893, Ippolitov-Ivanov ghọrọ prọfesọ na Moscow Conservatory, ebe n'ime afọ dị iche iche, ọtụtụ ndị na-agụ egwú a ma ama na-amụ ihe na ya (S. Vasilenko, R. Glier, N. Golovanov, A. Goldenweiser, L. Nikolaev, Yu. Engel na ndị ọzọ). Ntugharị nke narị afọ XIX-XX. akara maka Ippolitov-Ivanov site na mmalite nke ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nke Moscow Russian Private Opera. Na ogbo nke ihe nkiri a, n'ihi uche na egwu nke Ippolitov-Ivanov, P. Tchaikovsky's operas The Enchantress, Mazepa, Cherevichki, bụ ndị na-emeghị nke ọma na mmepụta nke Bolshoi Theater, "emezigharịrị". Ọ mekwara ihe nkiri mbụ nke Rimsky-Korsakov operas (The Tsar's Bride, The Tale of Tsar Saltan, Kashchei the Immortal).

N'afọ 1906, Ippolitov-Ivanov ghọrọ onye nduzi mbụ nke Moscow Conservatory. N'ime afọ iri tupu mgbanwe mgbanwe omume nke Ippolitov-Ivanov, onye nduzi nke symphonic nzukọ nke RMS na concerts nke Russian Choral Society, pụtara, okpueze nke mbụ arụmọrụ na Moscow na March 9, 1913 nke JS. Bach's Matthew Passion. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mmasị ya na oge Soviet dị nnọọ iche. N'afọ 1918, a họpụtara Ippolitov-Ivanov ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche Soviet mbụ nke Moscow Conservatory. Ọ na-aga na Tiflis ugboro abụọ iji hazie Tiflis Conservatory, bụ onye nduzi nke Bolshoi Theatre na Moscow, na-eduzi klas opera na Moscow Conservatory, ma na-etinye oge dị ukwuu n'ịrụ ọrụ na ndị na-amu amu. N'otu afọ ahụ, Ippolitov-Ivanov na-emepụta "Voroshilov March" a ma ama, na-ezo aka na ihe nketa okike nke M. Mussorgsky - ọ na-ahazi ogbo na St. Basil's (Boris Godunov), agwụcha "Alụmdi na Nwunye"; mebere opera The Last Barricade (atụmatụ sitere n'oge nke Paris Commune).

N'ime ọrụ nke afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, 3 symphonic suites na isiokwu nke ndị Soviet East: "Turkish iberibe", "Na steppes nke Turkmenistan", "Musical foto nke Uzbekistan". Ọrụ dị iche iche nke Ippolitov-Ivanov bụ ihe atụ nkuzi nke ọrụ enweghị mmasị na omenala egwu mba.

N. Sokolov

Ngwakọta:

opera - N'elu ihe mkpuchi maka Pushkin (opera ụmụaka, 1881), Ruth (mgbe AK Tolstoy, 1887, Tbilisi Opera House), Azra (dị ka akụkọ Moorish, 1890, ibid.), Asya (mgbe IS Turgenev, 1900, Moscow Solodovnikov si kwuo. Ụlọ ihe nkiri), Treason (1910, Zimin Opera House, Moscow), Ole si Norland (1916, Bolshoi Theatre, Moscow), Alụmdi na Nwunye (na-eme 2-4 na opera na-emechabeghị nke MP Mussorgsky, 1931, Radio Theatre, Moscow), Ikpeazụ Barricade (1933); cantata na ebe nchekwa Pushkin (c. 1880); maka orchestra - Symphony (1907), Caucasian sketị (1894), Iveria (1895), Turkic iberibe (1925), Na steppes nke Turkmenistan (c. 1932), Musical foto nke Uzbekistan, Catalan suite (1934), symphonic uri (1917, d. (raara nye K. E Voroshilov, 1919); maka balalaika na orc. – echiche efu Na nnọkọ (c. 1924); ọnụ ụlọ instrumental ensembles - piano quartet (1893), eriri quartet (1896), 4 iberibe maka ndị Armenia. isiokwu maka eriri quartet (1933), Anyasị na Georgia (maka ụbọ akwara nwere osisi quartet 1934); maka piano - 5 obere iberibe (1900), 22 oriental abụ olu ụtọ (1934); maka violin na piano – sonata (c. 1880), ihunanya ballad; maka cello na piano – Nghọta (c. 1900); maka ukwe na egwu egwu – 5 foto e ji mara (c. 1900), Ukwe na-arụ ọrụ (ya na symphony na mmụọ. Orc., 1934); ihe karịrị 100 romances na songs maka olu na piano; ihe karịrị 60 na-arụ ọrụ maka mkpokọta olu na ndị ukwe; egwu maka egwuregwu "Ermak Timofeevich" nke Goncharov dere, c. 1901); egwu maka ihe nkiri "Karabugaz" (1934).

Ọrụ edemede: Abụ ndị Georgian na ọnọdụ ya ugbu a, “Onye nka”, M., 1895, Mba 45 (enwere mbipụta dị iche); Ozizi nke ụdọ, ihe owuwu na mkpebi ha, M., 1897; Afọ 50 nke egwú Rọshịa na-echetara m, M., 1934; Kwuo banyere mgbanwe egwu na Turkey, "SM", 1934, No 12; Okwu ole na ole gbasara ịbụ abụ ụlọ akwụkwọ, “SM”, 1935, Mba 2.