Israel Philharmonic Orchestra |

Ndị egwu egwu Israel Philharmonic

Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-adị ka ọ bụ nanị òtù egwú egwú na-agụ egwú n'ụwa nwere. Na nke a, n'ezie, dị mma, n'ihi na ọ na-egosi ọchịchọ nke ndị mmadụ n'ebe nile maka ụwa zuru oke na-ada ụda na ụda ụwa - maka nkwekọ mmadụ na orchestra nke Ịbụ.

Ọ dị mma, Art ruru orchestras, Otú ọ dị, na ntụle. Na evaluative nkwubi okwu si nghọta nke ha kere mgbalị oh otú dị iche iche - njirisi n'onwe ha kwekọrọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke àgwà nke "ikpe" na ejiji na-emeri na a ụfọdụ nkà gburugburu ebe obibi.

Philharmonic nke Israel bụ otu n'ime ndị kwesịrị nka, otu n'ime okirikiri na-egbuke egbuke "enweghị atụ".

The Israel Philharmonic (nke bụ "Palestine Orchestra"), tọrọ ntọala na echiche miri emi nke onye violin pụtara ìhè si Poland Bronislav Huberman ma mee ya na nke mbụ - n'okpuru baton nke Arturo Toscanini - ihe karịrị afọ 75 gara aga na December 1936, ugbu a. na-eleta isi obodo Russia na onye nduzi nka ogologo oge na nke na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe bụ Zubin Meta, echere m, ọ bụghị ma ọlị iji "iju ya anya" na ọmarịcha ọmarịcha nke powdered Polish na "ujo" na-eji ụdị arụ ọrụ nke na-ekpuchi egwu n'onwe ya. Eji m n'aka na ọ bụghị maka nke ahụ.

Ma n'ihi na naanị (m nwere ike obi ike iche, dabere na ụfọdụ onwe lekwasị ahụmahụ nke ịghọta ebre nke a pụrụ iche otu egwú na ghọtara artist-eduzi na soloists), na-akpọ si elu nke oké e kere eke nke m, juputara na eziokwu na. ahụmahụ nke Reality, mụrụ si Mmụọ egwu ụda okwuna-edu anyị Inwe mmetụta nke eziokwu n'ime onwe anyị.

К Mmụọ egwu Ihe gbasara Philharmonic nke Israel etinyere aka na ya. "Egmont" na Beethoven's Seventh Symphony, kewara ekewa na kwaaji nke concerto iji dozie oghere ahụ wee mikpuo n'ime mmegharị nke ihe nkiri Piano mbụ nke Tchaikovsky - ọrụ ndị a niile jikọtara ya site na nnukwu agba na-egbuke egbuke. otu eri.

"Ọ siri ike, dị gịrịgịrị, na-ahụ ụzọ ma dị mfe". Nke a sitere na uri nke Zinaida Gippius "Eriri" (1901), nke nwekwara ahịrị ọhụụ dị ịrịba ama: “Otu ihe na-edoghị anya na-ama anyị ahụ́. / Na tangled mara mara, na ụfọdụ ụdị ụgha ahuhu / Anyị na-achọ subtleties, ọ bụghị ikwere na ọ ga-ekwe omume / Ijikọta ịdị ukwuu na mfe na mkpụrụ obi. / … Na mkpụrụ obi aghụghọ dị mfe dị ka eriri a”.

Anyị ga-ezute na egwu egwu Moscow a na mkpụrụ obi aghụghọ nke Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, nke Zubin Mehta zụlitere, na-esoro ndị isi ụwa dị elu na-ekwurịta okwu ma nweta ume ọhụrụ nke nkà na mmetụta.

Nkarịrị ebe a bụ ngwa eji akọwa nka, na-achọsi ike Mmụọ egwu.

N'ebe a, ha ghọtara na (iji okwu Gogol na-adịghị agwụ agwụ) "Enwere ike ịbụ na nka ọkwa ya kachasị elu, karịa nke ọ na-adabere n'oge ejiji ugbu a!"...

Ọ dịghị mfe ịkọwapụta "ebe ndebanye aha" nke Israel Philharmonic: ọ bụ, n'ezie, Israel kwesịrị ekwesị, ọ bụ European, ọ bụkwa "Russian" (ọtụtụ ndị na-ese egwú si Russia). Ụlọ akwụkwọ na-eme ihe nkiri nke Russia na omenala nke orkestral na-egwu egwu na-emepụta ihe osise pụrụ iche na omenala ndị Europe na-eme ihe, ma n'ụdị echiche nke orchestral na n'ime ime onwe onye nke ndị na-egwu egwú.

Bronislav Huberman, nke a tụụrụ ime ya dị ka "ndị egwú soloists", gbakọtara gburugburu ya ndị egwu nwere nkà nke a manyere ịkwaga na Europe, na-agbapụ na fasizim.

Afọ asaa na ọkara gara aga emewo ka aha ọma nke òtù egwú ahụ sikwuo ike ma weta àgwà ọhụrụ na nkà ya.

Ndị nduzi pụtara ìhè (gụnyere Leonard Bernstein, Daniel Barenboim, Lorin Maazel, Valery Gergiev…) ejirila Israel Philharmonic arụ ọrụ ugbu a wee rụọ ọrụ nke ọma.

N'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 45, nwa amaala Bombay, onye nduzi pụtara ìhè, Zubin Mehta na-ejikọta ya na Philharmonic Israel: ebe ọ bụ na 1969 ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka egwu egwu nke ndị egwú, kemgbe 1977 - onye nduzi nkà, na 1981, a na-enye aha a na XNUMX. ya maka ndu. N'akụkụ a, Meta na-enye ihe ịrịba ama ugboro ugboro iji cheta ahụmahụ pụrụ iche nke nnukwu onye nduzi Russia bụ Yevgeny Mravinsky, bụ onye na-eduzi ihe karịrị ọkara narị afọ nke Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra a ma ama n'ụwa.

Na n'echiche zuru oke nke okike, Zubin Mehta, onye na-asọpụrụ Mravinsky nke ọma, na-ejikọta ya n'uche m na ụlọ nkwakọba ihe nke onye nduzi nke Mravinsky - onye na-eche echiche ime mmụọ na onye na-ese ihe na-anụ ọkụ n'obi n'ihu ihu egwu, na-akpali ya na ndị egwú na-enweghị "ịchịkwaa. ” ime ihe ike, ma n’ike nke ịhụnanya.

Mbụ m hụrụ ma nụkwa Zubin Meta, ka na-eto eto, na ememme egwu Prague ama ama na mmalite nke 60s. Kemgbe ahụ, egewo m ya ntị ọtụtụ ugboro.

Meta anaghị akọwa onwe ya, mana ọrụ ahụ. Onyinye ya maka ebumnuche "mmetụta" nke mejupụtara na-ewetara anyị nso Mmụọ egwu ma nyekwa anyị ohere icheta okwu ETA Hoffmann site na ntụleghachi ya nke arụmọrụ nke Symphony nke anọ nke Beethoven: "Ezigbo onye na-agụ egwú na-ebi kpam kpam site n'ihe e kere eke, bụ nke ọ ghọtara na mmụọ nke nna ukwu, ma na-arụ ọrụ n'otu mmụọ ahụ, na-eleghara ọchịchọ nke ikpughe àgwà ya n'otu ụzọ ma ọ bụ ọzọ".

Omume na ihe niile na-emepe anyị site n'akụkụ kacha mma. Àgwà nke Zubin Meta, onye na-ese ihe n'eziokwu, onye na-ede uri N'ịkpọpụta echiche egwu, onye nduzi maara ihe na-etinye aka na ndị òtù egwú ya - na-adọrọ mmasị mgbe niile na ihe ọhụrụ. Ọ na-akpali ntụkwasị obi…

Mmetụta nke ọha na eze Moscow n'ebe ndị egwu na onye nduzi ga-efe efe na ikuku nke PI Tchaikovsky.

Andrey Zolotov, Prọfesọ, onye na-arụ ọrụ nka nke Russian Federation.ederede nyere site na Embassy nke State of Israel na Russian Federation)

Dabere na ihe ndị sitere na akwụkwọ akụkọ gọọmentị nke njem ncheta na Moscow