Herbert von Karajan (Herbert von Karajan) |

Herbert von Karajan

• Akwụkwọ "Karayan" →

Otu n'ime ndị nkatọ egwu a ma ama na-akpọ Karayan "Chief Conductor of Europe". Na aha a bụ eziokwu okpukpu abụọ - dị ka a pụrụ isi kwuo ya, ma n'ụdị na ọdịnaya. N'ezie: n'ime afọ iri na ọkara gara aga, Karajan eduzila ọtụtụ n'ime ndị egwu egwu Europe kacha mma: ọ bụ onye nduzi isi nke London, Vienna na Berlin Philharmonic, Vienna Opera na La Scala na Milan, ememme egwu na Bayreuth, Salzburg. na Lucerne, Society of Friends of Music na Vienna … Karayan nwere ọtụtụ n'ime posts ndị a n'otu oge ahụ, na-ejisi ike iji ụgbọ elu egwuregwu ya si n'otu obodo gaa n'ọzọ iji duzie mmeghari, egwu egwu, arụmọrụ, ndekọ na ndekọ. . Ma o jisiri ike mee ihe a niile na, na mgbakwunye, ka intensively toured gburugburu ụwa.

Otú ọ dị, nkọwa nke "onyeisi nduzi nke Europe" nwere nkọwa miri emi. Ruo ọtụtụ afọ ugbu a, Karajan ahapụla ọtụtụ ọkwa ya, na-elekwasị anya na-eduzi Berlin Philharmonic na Salzburg Spring Festival, nke ya onwe ya haziri kemgbe 1967 na ebe o mebere operas Wagner na oge ochie. Ma ọbụna ugbu a ọ dịghị onye nduzi na anyị na kọntinent, na eleghị anya n'ụwa nile (na-ekwe omume ma e wezụga L. Bernstein), onye nwere ike mpi ya na ewu ewu na ikike (ma ọ bụrụ na anyị pụtara na-eduzi ya ọgbọ) .

A na-ejikarị Karajan tụnyere Toscanini, na e nwere ọtụtụ ihe kpatara ihe ndị dị otú ahụ: ndị nduzi abụọ ahụ nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke talent ha, obosara nke echiche egwu ha, na nnukwu ewu ewu ha. Ma, ma eleghị anya, ha bụ isi myirịta nwere ike na-atụle ihe ịtụnanya, mgbe ụfọdụ na-apụghị ịghọta aghọta ike kpamkpam na-adọta uche nke egwú na ọha na eze, na-ebunye ha na-adịghị ahụ anya mmiri ozuzo eme site music. (A na-enwe mmetụta nke a ọbụna na ndekọ na ndekọ.)

Maka ndị na-ege ntị, Karayan bụ onye na-ese ihe na-egbuke egbuke nke na-enye ha oge ahụmahụ dị elu. Maka ha, Karajan bụ onye nduzi nke na-achịkwa ihe niile dị iche iche nke nkà egwu - site na ọrụ Mozart na Haydn na egwu nke oge a nke Stravinsky na Shostakovich. Maka ha, Karayan bụ onye na-ese ihe na-eme ihe n'ụzọ nha anya ma na egwu egwu na ụlọ opera, ebe Karayan dị ka onye nduzi na-akwadokarị Karayan dị ka onye nduzi ogbo.

Karajan bụ ihe ziri ezi na-ebuga mmụọ na akwụkwọ ozi nke akara ọ bụla. Ma nke ọ bụla n'ime ihe omume ya na-egosi akara miri emi nke onye na-ese ihe n'otu n'otu, nke siri ike nke na ọ na-eduga ọ bụghị naanị ndị na-egwu egwú, kamakwa ndị soloists. N'iji mmegharị ahụ laconic, enweghị mmetụta ọ bụla, na-ekwusi ike mgbe niile, "ike", ọ na-edobe onye òtù ọlụlụ ọ bụla n'ime ọchịchọ ya na-enweghị isi, na-ejide onye na-ege ntị n'ime obi ya, na-ekpughere ya omimi nke nkà ihe ọmụma nke akwa akwa egwu egwu. Na n'oge ndị dị otú ahụ, obere ọnụ ọgụgụ ya yiri nnukwu!

Karajan mere ọtụtụ operas na Vienna, Milan na obodo ndị ọzọ. Iji gụpụta akwụkwọ onye nduzi ga-apụta icheta ihe kacha mma dị n'akwụkwọ egwu.

Enwere ike ikwu ọtụtụ ihe gbasara nkọwa Karajan gbasara ọrụ onye ọ bụla. Ọtụtụ egwu egwu egwu, uri egwu na ihe egwu egwu sitere n'aka ndị dere oge dị iche iche na ndị mmadụ ka emere n'ihe nkiri ya, nke o dekọrọ na ndekọ. Ka anyị kpọọ aha ole na ole. Beethoven, Brahms, Bruckner, Mozart, Wagner, Verdi, Bizet, R. Strauss, Puccini - ndị a bụ ndị na-ede egwú na nkọwa nke egwu onye na-ese ihe na-egosipụta n'ụzọ zuru ezu. Ka anyị cheta, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe nkiri Karajan na obodo anyị na 60s ma ọ bụ Verdi's Requiem, nke Karajan na Moscow na ndị na-ese ihe nkiri nke Da Scala na Milan mere mmetụta na-enweghị atụ na ndị niile nụrụ ya.

Anyị gbalịrị ise onyinyo nke Karayan - otú e si mara ya n'ụwa nile. N'ezie, nke a bụ naanị ihe osise, eserese ahịrị: eserese onye nduzi na-ejupụta na agba mara mma mgbe ị na-ege egwu egwu ma ọ bụ ihe ndekọ ya. Ọ ka dịịrị anyị icheta mmalite nke ụzọ okike onye nka…

Karajan mụrụ na Salzburg, nwa dọkịta. Ikike ya na ịhụnanya ya maka egwu gosipụtara onwe ya n'oge na ugbua mgbe ọ dị afọ ise ọ rụrụ n'ihu ọha dị ka onye pianist. Mgbe ahụ, Karajan gụrụ akwụkwọ na Salzburg Mozarteum, onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ a, B. Paumgartner, dụrụ ya ọdụ ka o mee ihe. (Ruo taa, Karajan na-anọgide na-abụ onye pianist magburu onwe ya, na-eme piano na ụbọ akwara mgbe ụfọdụ.) Kemgbe 1927, onye na-eto eto na-egwu egwú na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi, nke mbụ na obodo Ulm nke Austria, na Aachen, bụ ebe ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị na-eme egwuregwu. ọdụdụ ndị isi nduzi na Germany. Na njedebe nke iri atọ na atọ, onye na-ese ihe kwagara Berlin na n'oge na-adịghị anya were post nke onyeisi nduzi nke Berlin Opera.

Mgbe agha ahụ gachara, n'oge na-adịghị anya aha Karajan gafechara ókèala Germany - wee malite ịkpọ ya, "onye isi nduzi nke Europe"…

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969