Halina Czerny-Stefańska |

Halina Czerny-Stefańska

Ihe karịrị ọkara narị afọ agafeela kemgbe ụbọchị ọ bịara na Soviet Union na nke mbụ - ọ bịara dịka otu n'ime ndị mmeri nke asọmpi Chopin 1949 nke ka kwụsịrị. Mbụ, dị ka akụkụ nke ndị nnọchiteanya nke nna ukwu nke Polish omenala, na mgbe ahụ, a ọnwa ole na ole ka e mesịrị, na solo concerts. "Anyị amaghị ka Czerny-Stefanska si egwu egwu nke ndị ọzọ na-ede egwú, ma na arụmọrụ nke Chopin, onye na-ese pianist Polish gosipụtara onwe ya dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ese ihe dị aghụghọ, bụ onye dị nso na ụwa magburu onwe ya nke nnukwu onye na-ede egwú. ihe oyiyi pụrụ iche. Galina Czerny-Stefańska nwere nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na ndị na-ege ntị na Moscow. Ọbịbịa nke onye na-eto eto pianist na Soviet Union mere ka anyị mata onye na-agụ egwú magburu onwe ya, bụ́ onye e nwere ụzọ nkà dị ukwuu oghe n’ihu ya.” Ya mere, akwụkwọ akụkọ bụ "Soviet Music" dere mgbe ahụ. Na oge kwadoro amụma a.

Ma mmadụ ole na ole maara na nzukọ mbụ na nke kachasị echefu echefu nke Cherny-Stefanskaya na ndị Soviet mere ọtụtụ afọ tupu otu na Moscow. O mere n'oge ọ dị ka onye na-ese ihe n'ọdịnihu na nrọ ya nwere mmasị - ịghọ onye pianist - agaghịzi emezu. Site na nwata, ihe niile yiri ka ọ masịrị ya. Ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri, nna ya duziri nzụlite ya - Stanislav Schwarzenberg-Cherny, prọfesọ na Krakow Conservatory; na 1932 ọ mụọrọ A. Cortot n'onwe ya ihe ruo ọtụtụ ọnwa na Paris, mgbe ahụ, na 1935, ọ ghọrọ nwa akwụkwọ nke onye pianist a ma ama Y. Turczynski na Warsaw Conservatory. Ọbụna mgbe ahụ, ọ na-egwuri na ogbo nke Poland na n'ihu igwe okwu nke Polish Radio. Ma agha ahụ malitere, ma atụmatụ niile daa.

Afọ mmeri abịala - 1945. Nke a bụ otú onye na-ese ihe n'onwe ya si cheta ụbọchị Jenụwarị 21: "Ndị agha Soviet tọhapụrụ Krakow. N'ime afọ ndị ahụ m na-arụ ọrụ, ọ na-esiri m ike ịgakwuru ngwá ọrụ ahụ. Na mgbede ahụ, achọrọ m igwu egwu. M wee nọdụ ala na piano. Na mberede, mmadụ kụrụ aka. Onye agha Soviet nke ọma, na-agbalị ka ọ ghara ime mkpọtụ ọ bụla, tinye egbe ya ma họrọ okwu ya n'ụzọ siri ike, kọwara na ọ chọrọ n'ezie ige egwu ụfọdụ. M na-egwuri egwu maka ya ná mgbede niile. O gere ntị nke ọma…”

N'ụbọchị ahụ, onye na-ese ihe kwenyere na mweghachi nke nrọ ya. N'ezie, a ka nwere ogologo ụzọ tupu ya mmejuputa iwu, ma ọ na-agba ọsọ ya ngwa ngwa: klas n'okpuru nduzi nke di ya, onye nkụzi L. Stefansky, mmeri na asọmpi maka Young Polish Musicians na 1946, afọ nke ọmụmụ na klas. nke 3. Drzewiecki na Warsaw Higher School of Music (nke mbụ na ngalaba nkwadebe ya). Na n'otu aka ahụ - ọrụ nke onye na-ese ihe na ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu, ihe ngosi na ụlọ ọrụ Krakow, na ụlọ akwụkwọ ballet, na-egwu egwu na mgbede ịgba egwú. Na 1947, Czerny Stefańska rụrụ na nke mbụ ya na Krakow Philharmonic Orchestra nke V. Berdyaev duziri, na-akpọ Mozart's Concerto na A major. Ma mgbe ahụ, e nwere mmeri na asọmpi ahụ, bụ nke gosipụtara mmalite nke mmemme egwu usoro, nke mbụ njem na Soviet Union.

Kemgbe ahụ, ọbụbụenyi ya na ndị Soviet na-ege ntị mụrụ. Ọ na-abịakwute anyị ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ kwa afọ, mgbe ụfọdụ ọbụna ugboro abụọ n'afọ - karịa ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa ọbịa nke mba ọzọ, nke a na-agbakwa akaebe na ịhụnanya ndị Soviet na-ege ntị nwere maka ya. N'ihu anyị bụ ụzọ nka nile nke Cherny-Stefanskaya - ụzọ si n'aka nwa agbọghọ na-eto eto na-enweta onye nwe ya a ma ama. Ọ bụrụ na n'oge mbụ anyị nkatọ ka kwuru ụfọdụ emehie nke onye na-ese ihe bụ na usoro nke ịghọ (oke pathos, enweghị ike ịmụta nnukwu ụdị), mgbe ahụ site na njedebe nke 50s anyị ghọtara na ya merit a nnukwu nna ukwu na. aka ọdịde pụrụ iche nke ya, ụdị aghụghọ na uri, nke nwere mmetụta miri emi mara, amara na ịma mma nke Polish, nke nwere ike ibuga ụdị okwu egwu niile - ntụgharị egwu egwu na oke mmetụta nke mmetụta, ntụgharị uche nke nkà ihe ọmụma na mkpali dị egwu. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị nanị na anyị ghọtara. Ka a sịkwa ihe mere onye ji ama piano H.-P. Ranke (Germany) dere n’akwụkwọ ya bụ́ “Pianists Today”, sị: “Na Paris na Rom, na London na Berlin, na Moscow na Madrid, aha ya aghọwo aha ezinụlọ ugbu a.”

Ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na-ejikọta aha onye pianist Polish na egwu Chopin, bụ nke ọ na-enye ọtụtụ n'ime mkpali ya. "Onye chopinist na-enweghị atụ, onye nwere ọmarịcha echiche nke nkebi ahịrịokwu, ụda dị nro na ụtọ siri ike, o jisiri ike kwupụta isi mmalite nke mmụọ Polish na ịgba egwu, ịma mma na nkwupụta eziokwu nke Chopin's cantilena," Z. Drzewiecki dere banyere ya. nwa akwụkwọ a hụrụ n'anya. Mgbe a jụrụ ya ma ọ̀ na-ewere onwe ya dị ka onye Chopinist, Czerny-Stefanska n’onwe ya zara, sị: “Ee e! Ọ bụ naanị na Chopin bụ ihe kacha sie ike nke ndị na-ede piano niile, ma ọ bụrụ na ọha na eze na-eche na m bụ ezigbo Chopinist, yabụ maka m nke a pụtara nkwenye kachasị elu. Ndị Soviet kwupụtara nkwado dị otú ahụ ugboro ugboro, na-ekwupụta echiche ya, M. Teroganyan dere n'akwụkwọ akụkọ bụ́ “Soviet Culture”, sị: “N'ụwa nke nkà piano, dị ka ọ dị na nkà ọ bụla ọzọ, a pụghị inwe ụkpụrụ na ihe atụ. Ọ bụ ya mere na ọ dịghị onye ga-ewepụta echiche bụ na a ga-akpọ Chopin naanị ka G. Cerny-Stefanska si egwu ya. Ma enweghị ike inwe echiche abụọ banyere eziokwu ahụ bụ na onye pianist Polish kacha nwee nkà na-ahụ n'anya n'anya ihe okike nke nwa nwoke mara mma nke ala nna ya na ịhụnanya a maka ya na-adọta ndị na-ege ya ntị nwere ekele. Iji kwado echiche a, ka anyị na-ezo aka na nkwupụta nke ọkachamara ọzọ, onye nkatọ I. Kaiser, bụ onye kwetara na Czerny-Stefanskaya "nwere Chopin nke ya - nke na-egbuke egbuke, nke dị n'otu n'otu, zuru oke karịa nke ọtụtụ ndị pianist German, nweere onwe ya na enweghị ntụkwasị obi karịa. Ndị pianist America, dị nro ma dị njọ karịa ndị French. "

Ọ bụ ọhụụ a kwenyesiri ike na nke doro anya banyere Chopin mere ka ama ama ya n'ụwa niile. Ma ọ bụghị naanị nke ahụ. Ndị na-ege ntị si n'ọtụtụ mba maara ma nwee ekele maka Cerny-Stefanska n'ụdị akụkọ dị iche iche. Otu Dzhevetsky ahụ kweere na n’egwú ndị na-akụ ụbọ France, bụ́ Rameau na Daken, dị ka ihe atụ, “ihe omume ya na-enweta nkwuwa okwu na ịma mma nke kwesịrị nṅomi.” Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na-eme ememe ncheta nke XNUMX nke ọhụụ mbụ ya na ogbo ahụ, onye na-ese ihe na Krakow Philharmonic tinyere Chopin's Concerto na E obere, Frank's Symphonic Variations, Mozart's concertos (A isi) na Mendelssohn's (G obere), otu ugboro. ọzọ na-egosipụtakwa ike ya. Ọ na-eji akọ na-egwu Beethoven, Schumann, Mozart, Scarlatti, Grieg. Na n'ezie, ndị obodo ha. Otu n'ime ọrụ ndị ọ rụrụ na Moscow n'oge dị iche iche bụ ihe nkiri Szymanowski, The Great Polonaise nke Zarembski, The Fantastic Krakowiak nke Paderewski na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ ya mere I. Belza ji mee ihe ziri ezi ugboro abụọ mgbe ọ kpọrọ ya "onye pianist Polish kasị dị ịrịba ama mgbe "eze nwanyị ụda" Maria Szymanowska gasịrị.

Czerny-Stefanska keere òkè na juri nke ọtụtụ asọmpi - na Leeds, na Moscow (aha ya bụ Tchaikovsky), Long-Thibault, aha ya bụ. Chopin na Warsaw.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990