Frederick Delius (Dilius) (Frederick Delius) |

Frederick Delius

Ọ nwetaghị agụmakwụkwọ ọkachamara nke egwu. Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ mụtara ịkụ violin. Na 1884 ọ hapụrụ USA, ebe ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ugbo oroma, nọgidere na-amụ egwu n'onwe ya, nara nkuzi n'aka TF Ward organist obodo. Ọ mụtara akụkọ ifo Negro, gụnyere ndị mmụọ, ihe ntinye nke e ji mee ihe na ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi nke "Florida" (Mpụta mbụ nke Dilius, 1886), uri symphonic "Hiawatha" (mgbe G. Longfellow gasịrị), uri maka ukwe na ndị egwú "Appalachian" , opera "Koang" na ndị ọzọ. N'ịlaghachi na Europe, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na H. Sitt, S. Jadasson na K. Reinecke na Leipzig Conservatory (1886-1888).

Na 1887 Dilius gara Norway; E. Grieg, bụ onye nwere ekele dị ukwuu maka nkà ya nwere mmetụta nke Dilius. Ka e mesịrị, Dilius dere egwu maka egwuregwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke onye na-ede egwuregwu Norwegian G. Heiberg ("Folkeraadet" - "Ndị Kansụl Ndị Mmadụ", 1897); laghachiri na isiokwu Norwegian na ọrụ symphonic "Sketches of a Northern Country" na ballad "Ozugbo N'otu oge" ("Eventyr", nke dabeere na "Folk Tales of Norway" nke P. Asbjørnsen, 1917), egwu egwu na-aga n'ihu. Ederede Norwegian ("Lieder auf norwegische Texte" , na egwu B. Bjornson na G. Ibsen, 1889-90).

Na 1900s tụgharịrị gaa na isiokwu Danish na opera Fenimore na Gerda (dabere na akwụkwọ akụkọ Niels Lin nke EP Jacobsen, 1908-10; post. 1919, Frankfurt am Main); dekwara abụ na Jacobsen, X. Drachmann na L. Holstein. Site na 1888 o biri na France, nke mbụ na Paris, wee ruo na njedebe nke ndụ ya na Gre-sur-Loing, dị nso na Fontainebleau, na-eleta ala nna ya mgbe ụfọdụ. O zutere IA Strindberg, P. Gauguin, M. Ravel na F. Schmitt.

Site na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 19 Na ọrụ nke Dilius, mmetụta nke ndị Impressionists bụ ihe a na-ahụ anya, bụ nke a na-akpọkarị na ụzọ nke orchestration na agba agba nke palette ụda. Ọrụ nke Dilius, nke akara mmalite, dị nso n'omume na uri Bekee na eserese nke njedebe 19th na mmalite 20th narị afọ.

Dilius bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-ede egwú Bekee tụgharịrị gaa na isi mmalite mba. Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ Dilius na-ejupụta na ihe oyiyi nke ọdịdị Bekee, nke o gosipụtara na mmalite nke ụzọ ndụ Bekee. Esemokwu ụda olu ya nke odida obodo jupụtara na egwu egwu na-ekpo ọkụ, nke na-akpali akpali - ndị dị otú ahụ bụ iberibe maka obere ndị egwu egwu: "Na-ege ntị na cuckoo mbụ na mmiri" ("N'ịnụ cuckoo mbụ na mmiri", 1912), "Oge abalị na osimiri" ("N'abalị okpomọkụ n'osimiri", 1912), "Abụ tupu anyanwụ abịa" ("Abụ tupu ọwụwa anyanwụ", 1918).

Nghọta bịara Dilius ekele maka ọrụ nke onye nduzi T. Beecham, bụ onye kwalitere ihe odide ya nke ọma ma hazie ememme a raara nye ọrụ ya (1929). GJ Wood gụnyekwara ọrụ Dilius na mmemme ya.

Ọrụ mbụ Dilius bipụtara bụ The Legend (Legende, maka violin na ndị egwu egwu, 1892). Nke kacha ama na operas ya bụ Rural Romeo na Julia (Romeo und Julia auf dem Dorfe, op. 1901), ọbụghị na mbipụta nke mbụ na German (1, Komische Oper, Berlin), ma ọ bụ n'ụdị Bekee (“A village Romeo). na Juliet”, “Covent Garden”, London, 1907) emebeghị nke ọma; naanị na mmepụta ọhụrụ na 1910 (ibid.) ka ndị Bekee nabatara ya nke ọma.

Njiri mara maka ọrụ ọzọ nke Dilius bụ abụ uri elegiac- pastoral nke mbụ ya "N'elu ugwu na ebe dị anya" ("Over the hills and far away", 1895, Spanish 1897), dabere na ncheta nke ubi Yorkshire - nke ala nna Dilius; nso ya na atụmatụ mmetụta uche na agba bụ "Sea Drift" ("Sea-Drift") nke W. Whitman dere, onye uri ya bụ Dilius nwere mmetụta miri emi ma tinyekwa n'ime "Abụ nke Farewell" ("Abụ nke Farewell", maka ndị ukwe na ndị egwú. , 1930-1932).

Ọ bụ onye na-ede egwú na-arịa ọrịa nyere onye odeakwụkwọ ya bụ́ E. Fenby, bụ́ onye dere akwụkwọ Delius dị ka m maara ya (1936), bụ́ onye dere ọrụ egwú ndị Delius mesịrị mee. Ọrụ Dilius kacha pụta ìhè na nso nso a bụ Song of Summer, Fantastic Dance na Irmelin prelude for orchestra, Sonata No. 3 maka violin.

Ngwakọta: operas (6), gụnyere Irmelin (1892, Oxford, 1953), Koanga (1904, Elberfeld), Fenimore na Gerda (1919, Frankfurt); maka orc. - fantasy N'ime ogige okpomọkụ (N'ime ogige okpomọkụ, 1908), uri nke ndụ na ịhụnanya (A uri ndụ na ịhụnanya, 1919), Ikuku na egwu (Ikuku na egwu, 1925), Abụ nke okpomọkụ (A song nke okpomọkụ. , 1930) , suites, rhapsodies, ejije; maka ngwa na orc. - 4 concertos (maka fp., 1906; maka skr., 1916; okpukpu abụọ - maka skr. na vlch., 1916; maka vlch., 1925), caprice na elegy maka vlch. (1925); chamber-instr. ensembles - eriri. quartet (1917), maka Skr. na fp. - 3 sonatas (1915, 1924, 1930), ịhụnanya (1896); maka fp. - 5 egwuregwu (1921), 3 preludes (1923); maka ukwe nwere orc. - Mass nke Ndụ (Eine Messe des Lebens, dabere na "Ya mere okwu Zarathustra" nke F. Nietzsche, 1905), Abụ nke ọdịda anyanwụ (Abụ nke ọdịda anyanwụ, 1907), Arabesque (Arabesk, 1911), Abụ nke ugwu ugwu. (Abụ nke High Hills, 1912), Requiem (1916), Abụ nke nnata (mgbe Whitman gasịrị, 1932); maka otu ukwe cappella – egwu Wanderer (na-enweghị okwu, 1908), Mma na-agbadata (Ebube dara, mgbe A. Tennyson gasịrị, 1924); maka olu na orc. – Sakuntala (na okwu X. Drahman, 1889), Idyll (Idill, dị ka W. Whitman, 1930), wdg .; egwu maka ngosi ihe nkiri. ihe nkiri, gụnyere egwuregwu "Ghassan, ma ọ bụ njem ọla edo na Samarkand" Dsh. Flecker (1920, biputere 1923, London) na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. ndị ọzọ