Formant |
na-akpụ (site na lat. formans, genus formantis - akpụ) - mpaghara nke ụda akụkụ akụkụ a na-amụba amụbawanye n'ụdị muses. ụda, ụda okwu, yana ihe ndị a n'onwe ha, nke na-ekpebi mmalite nke timbre nke ụda; otu n'ime ihe ndị dị mkpa nke nhazi timbre. F. bilie Ch. arr. n'okpuru mmetụta nke resonators (na okwu, na-abụ abụ - ọnụ ọnụ oghere, wdg, na ngwá egwú - ahụ, ikuku olu, soundboard, wdg), ya mere, elu ọnọdụ ha na-adabere obere na elu nke isi. ụda ụda . Okwu a bụ "F". Onye na-eme nchọpụta okwu, ọkà mmụta physiologist L. Herman webatara iji mara ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụfọdụ ụdaume sitere na ndị ọzọ. G. Helmholtz mere nnwale dị iche iche na njikọ nke ụdaume nke okwu site na iji ọkpọkọ akụkụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi. Ekwuputala na ụdaume "u" bụ mmụba nke ụda akụkụ site na 200 ruo 400 hertz, "o" - 400-600 hertz, "a" - 800-1200, "e" - 400-600 na 2200-2600, “na “- 200-400 na 3000-3500 hertz. N'ịbụ abụ, na mgbakwunye na ọrụ okwu a na-emekarị, ndị na-abụ abụ na-apụta. F.; otu n'ime ha bụ nnukwu onye na-agụ egwú. F. (ihe dị ka 3000 hertz) na-enye olu "egbuke egbuke", "ọlaọcha", na-enye aka na "ụgbọ elu" nke ụda, ezi nghọta nke ụdaume na consonants; nke ọzọ - ala (ihe dị ka 500 hertz) na-enye ụda nro dị nro, okirikiri. F. dị na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe ngosi nka niile. ngwá ọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-eji ọjà F. site na 1400 ruo 1700 hertz, maka oboe - 1600-2000, maka bassoon - 450-500 hertz; na ụdịdị dị iche iche nke ezigbo violin - 240-270, 500-550 na 3200-4200 hertz (nke abụọ na nke atọ F. dị nso na F. ụda olu). A na-eji usoro nhazi nke nhazi timbre na njikwa timbre eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na nhazi okwu, na electromusic. ngwa, na ụda injinia (magnetic na ndekọ, redio, telivishọn, sinima).
References: Rzhevkin SN, Ịnụ na okwu n'echiche nke nchọpụta anụ ahụ nke oge a, M. - L., 1928, 1936; Rabinovich AV, Short course of musical acoustics, M., 1930; Solovieva AI, Isi ihe gbasara akparamaagwa nke ịnụ ihe, L., 1972; Helmholtz H., Die Lehre von den Tonempfindungen als physiologische Grundlage für die Theorie der Musik, Braunschweig, 1863, Hildesheim, 1968); Hermann L., Phonophotographische Untersukungen, “Pflger's Archiv”, Bd 1875, 45, Bd 1889, 47, Bd 1890, 53, Bd 1893, 58, Bd 1894, 59; Stumpf C., Die Sprachlaute, B., 1895; Trendelenburg F., Einführung na anwụ Akustik, V., 1926, V.-Gött.-Hdlb., 1939.
Ụdị YH
