Edvard Grieg |

Edvard Grieg

… Achọpụtara m akụ akụ bara ụba nke egwu ndị mmadụ site n'ala nna m na site na nke a, nke a na-enyochabeghị, ọmụmụ nke mkpụrụ obi ndị Norwegian, agbalịrị m ịmepụta nka mba… E. Grieg

E. Grieg bụ onye mbụ na-ede akwụkwọ Norwegian nke ọrụ ya gafere ókèala obodo ya wee ghọọ ihe onwunwe nke omenala Europe. Ihe nkiri piano, egwu maka ihe nkiri G. Ibsen “Peer Gynt”, “Peces Lyric” na ihe gbasara ịhụnanya bụ isi egwu nke ọkara nke abụọ nke narị afọ 1890. Mkpokọta okike nke onye na-ede egwú weere ọnọdụ n'ikuku nke ifuru ngwa ngwa nke ndụ ime mmụọ nke Norway, mmasị na-abawanye na akụkọ ihe mere eme ya n'oge gara aga, akụkọ ọdịnala, na ihe nketa omenala ya. Oge a wetara "ìgwè kpakpando" dum nke ndị nwere nkà, ndị na-ese ihe na mba - A. Tidemann na eserese, G. Ibsen, B. Bjornson, G. Wergeland na O. Vigne na akwụkwọ. "N'ime afọ iri abụọ gara aga, Norway enwetawo ọganihu dị otú ahụ na ngalaba akwụkwọ nke ọ dịghị mba ọzọ ma e wezụga Russia nwere ike ịnya isi," F. Engels dere na XNUMX. "...Ndị Norway na-emepụta ọtụtụ ihe karịa ndị ọzọ, na-etinyekwa stampụ ha na akwụkwọ nke ndị ọzọ, ọ bụghịkwa na German."

A mụrụ Grieg na Bergen, ebe nna ya jere ozi dị ka onye nnọchi anya Britain. Nne ya, onye pianist nwere onyinye, duziri ọmụmụ egwu Edward, ọ kụnyere n'ime ya ịhụnanya maka Mozart. N'ịgbaso ndụmọdụ onye violin a ma ama nke Norwegian U. Bull, Grieg na 1858 banyere na Conservatory Leipzig. Ọ bụ ezie na usoro nkuzi emeghị ka afọ ju nwa okorobịa ahụ nke ọma, bụ onye na-adọrọ mmasị na egwu ịhụnanya nke R. Schumann, F. Chopin na R. Wagner, afọ ọmụmụ agafeghị n'enweghị ihe ọ bụla: o sonyeere omenala Europe, gbasaa egwu egwu ya. horizons, na maara nke ọma usoro. N'ebe nchekwa ahụ, Grieg chọtara ndị ndụmọdụ nwere mmetụta na-asọpụrụ talent ya (K. Reinecke na mejupụtara, E. Wenzel na I. Moscheles na piano, M. Hauptmann na tiori). Kemgbe 1863, Grieg bi na Copenhagen, na-emeziwanye nkà n'ịdepụta ya n'okpuru nduzi nke onye na-ede egwú Danish a ma ama N. Gade. Ya na enyi ya, onye na-ede egwú R. Nurdrok, Grieg kere ọha egwu Euterpa na Copenhagen, nzube ya bụ ịgbasa na ịkwalite ọrụ nke ndị na-eto eto Scandinavian. Mgbe ya na Bull na-eme njem na Norway, Grieg mụtara ịghọta nke ọma na inwe mmetụta nke akụkọ ọdịnala obodo. Piano Sonata na-enupụ isi nke ịhụnanya na E Minor, Violin mbụ Sonata, Humoresques maka Piano - ndị a bụ nsonaazụ na-ekwe nkwa nke mmalite oge nke ọrụ onye dere ya.

Site na ịkwaga Christiania (nke bụ Oslo ugbu a) na 1866, ọkwa ọhụrụ na-amịpụta mkpụrụ na ndụ onye na-ede egwú malitere. Na-eme ka ọdịnala nke egwu mba dị ike, na-ejikọta mgbalị nke ndị na-agụ egwú Norwegian, ịkụziri ọha mmadụ - ndị a bụ isi ọrụ Grieg na isi obodo. Na mbido ya, e mepere Academy of Music na Christiania (1867). Na 1871, Grieg tọrọ ntọala Musical Society na isi obodo, na concerts nke o duziri ọrụ nke Mozart, Schumann, Liszt na Wagner, nakwa dị ka oge a Scandinavian composers - J. Swensen, Nurdrok, Gade na ndị ọzọ. Grieg na-arụkwa ọrụ dị ka onye pianist - onye na-arụ ọrụ piano ya, yana na nwunye ya, onye na-agụ egwú nwere onyinye, Nina Hagerup. Ọrụ nke oge a - Piano Concerto (1868), akwụkwọ mbụ nke "Lyric Pieces" (1867), Violin Sonata nke Abụọ (1867) - na-agba akaebe na ntinye nke onye na-ede egwú n'ime afọ ntozu okè. Agbanyeghị, nnukwu ihe okike na nkuzi nke Grieg na isi obodo wee hụ omume ihu abụọ na enweghị uche n'ebe nka nọ. N'ịbụ onye bi n'ọnọdụ nke anyaụfụ na nghọtahie, ọ chọrọ nkwado nke ndị nwere otu echiche. Ya mere, ihe omume na-agaghị echefu echefu na ndụ ya bụ nzukọ ya na Liszt, nke mere na 1870 na Rom. Okwu nkewa nke nnukwu onye na-agụ egwú, ntule ịnụ ọkụ n'obi o mere maka ihe nkiri Piano weghachiri eweghachi obi ike onwe onye Grieg: “Nọgidenụ na-aga n'otu mmụọ ahụ, a na m agwa gị nke a. Ị nwere data maka nke a, ekwela ka ụjọ jide gị! – Okwu ndị a dị ka ngọzi nye Grieg. Nkà mmụta steeti ndụ ogologo oge, nke Grieg nwetara site na 1874, mere ka o kwe omume ịkwụsị egwu egwu na nkuzi ya na isi obodo, na njem na Europe ugboro ugboro. Na 1877 Grieg hapụrụ Christiania. N'ịjụ nkwenye nke ndị enyi ka ha biri na Copenhagen na Leipzig, ọ họọrọ ibi ndụ naanị ya na ihe okike na Hardanger, otu n'ime ime obodo Norway.

Kemgbe 1880, Grieg biri na Bergen na gburugburu ya na Villa "Trollhaugen" ("Troll Hill"). Ịlaghachi n'ala nna ya nwere mmetụta bara uru na ọnọdụ okike nke onye na-ede egwú. Nsogbu nke mbubreyo 70s. gafere, Grieg nwetara oke ume ọzọ. Na ịgbachi nkịtị nke Trollhaugen, ụlọ egwu egwu abụọ "Peer Gynt", eriri quartet na G obere, ụlọ "Site na oge Holberg", akwụkwọ ndetu ọhụrụ nke "Peces Lyric", romances na ụda olu ka emepụtara. Ruo afọ ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya, ihe omume agụmakwụkwọ Grieg gara n'ihu (na-eduzi ihe nkiri nke Bergen musical Society Harmony, na-ahazi ememme mbụ nke egwu Norwegian na 1898). A na-eji njegharị (Germany, Austria, England, France) dochie ọrụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ gbadoro anya; ha nyere aka n'ịgbasa egwu Norwegian na Europe, wetara njikọ ọhụrụ, ndị enyi na ndị na-ede egwú nke oge a - I. Brahms, C. Saint-Saens, M. Reger, F. Busoni, na ndị ọzọ.

Na 1888 Grieg zutere P. Tchaikovsky na Leipzig. Ọbụbụenyi ha na-adịte aka gbadoro ụkwụ, n'okwu Tchaikovsky, "na ọbụbụenyi na-enweghị mgbagha n'ime nke ụdị egwu abụọ." Ya na Tchaikovsky, Grieg nwetara nzere doctorate site na Mahadum Cambridge (1893). Tchaikovsky's overture "Hamlet" bụ nke a raara nye Grieg. Emechara ọrụ onye na-ede egwú site n'Abụ Ọma anọ ruo Old Norwegian Melodies maka baritone na agwakọta ukwe cappella (1906). Ihe oyiyi nke ala nna na ịdị n'otu nke okike, omenala ime mmụọ, akụkọ ọdịnala, oge gara aga na ugbu a dị n'etiti ọrụ Grieg, na-eduzi nyocha ya niile. "M na-anabatakarị Norway dum n'uche, nke a bụkwaụrụ m ihe kasị elu. Ọ dịghị nnukwu mmụọ a pụrụ iji otu ike ahụ e kere eke hụ n'anya! Nkọwa kachasị omimi na nka zuru oke nke ihe onyonyo nke ala nne bụ ụlọ egwu egwu abụọ “Peer Gynt” nke Grieg nyere nkọwa ya banyere nkata Ibsen. N'ịhapụ n'èzí nkọwa nke Per dị ka onye na-eme njem, onye na-eme ihe n'otu n'otu na onye nnupụisi, Grieg kere uri uri-epic banyere Norway, bụrụ abụ mara mma nke ọdịdị ya ("Morning"), na-ese onyinyo akụkọ ifo dị egwu ("N'ọgba nke ugwu). eze"). E nwetara nkọwa nke akara ebighi ebi nke ala nna site na ihe oyiyi egwu nke nne Per - ochie Oze - na nwunye ya Solveig ("Ọnwụ nke Oze" na "Solveig's Lullaby").

Ụlọ ndị ahụ gosipụtara mmalite nke asụsụ Grigovia, bụ nke chịkọtara ngụsị akwụkwọ akụkọ ọdịnala Norwegian, ikike nke njirimara egwu gbadoro anya na nke nwere oke, nke ihe onyonyo nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-egosi n'iji atụnyere obere ihe osise ndị orchestral. Ọdịnala nke obere mmemme Schumann bụ nke Lyric Pieces mepụtara maka piano. Eserese nke ala ugwu ("N'oge opupu ihe ubi", "Nocturne", "N'ụlọ", "Mgbịrịgba"), ụdị na egwuregwu agwa ("Lullaby", "Waltz", "Butterfly", "Brook"), onye ọrụ ugbo Norwegian. ịgba egwu ("Halling", "Springdance", "Gangar"), ọmarịcha odide akụkọ ifo ("Procession of the Dwarves", "Kobold") na egwu egwu n'ezie ("Arietta", "Melody", "Elegy") - A na-esetịpụ nnukwu ihe oyiyi ụwa n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị na-agụ egwu egwu.

Obere piano, ihunanya na egwu bụ ntọala nke ọrụ onye dere ya. Ezi pearl nke Grigov's lyrics, na-agbatị site na ntụgharị uche nke ìhè, ntụgharị uche nke nkà ihe ọmụma na mkpali na-anụ ọkụ n'obi, abụ abụ, bụ romances "The Swan" (Art. Ibsen), "Dream" (Art. F. Bogenshtedt), "Ahụrụ m gị n'anya" ( Art G. X Andersen). Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị na-agụ egwú ịhụnanya, Grieg na-ejikọta obere ụda olu n'ime okirikiri - "On the Rocks and Fjords", "Norway", "Girl from the Mountains", wdg. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị romance na-eji ihe odide nke ndị na-ede uri Scandinavian. Njikọ na akwụkwọ mba, epic Scandinavian dị egwu gosikwara na olu na ọrụ ngwá ọrụ maka ndị soloists, choir na orchestra dabeere na ederede nke B. Bjornson: "N'ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk", "Laghachi n'ala nna", "Olaf Trygvason” (p. 50).

Ọrụ akụrụngwa nke nnukwu ụdị cyclic na-egosi akara kacha mkpa na mmalite nke onye na-ede ihe. The piano concerto, nke meghere oge nke okike na-eto eto, bụ otu n'ime ịrịba phenomena na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke genre na ụzọ si L. Beethoven's concertos ka P. Tchaikovsky na S. Rachmaninov. Ogologo mmepe nke symphonic, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị egwu egwu na-akọwapụta eriri Quartet na G obere.

A na-ahụ mmetụta miri emi nke ọdịdị violin, ngwá ọrụ na-ewu ewu nke ukwuu na ndị Norwegian na egwu ọkachamara, na atọ sonatas maka violin na piano - na ìhè-idyllic Mbụ; ike, na-egbukepụ egbukepụ na mba nke abụọ na nke atọ, guzo n'etiti ọrụ dị egwu nke onye na-ede egwú, yana piano Ballade n'ụdị dị iche iche na abụ abụ ndị Norwegian, Sonata maka Cello na Piano. N'ime usoro okirikiri ndị a niile, ụkpụrụ nke sonata dramaturgy na-ejikọta ụkpụrụ nke ụlọ, usoro nke miniatures (dabere na ngbanwe n'efu, "agbụ" nke ihe dị iche iche nke na-ejide mgbanwe mberede na mmetụta, na-ekwu nke na-etolite " iyi nke ihe ịtụnanya. ”, n’okwu nke B. Asafiev).

Ụdị ụlọ ahụ na-achịkwa ọrụ Symphonic Grieg. Na mgbakwunye na suites "Peer Gynt", onye na-ede egwú dere otu ụlọ maka egwu egwu "Site na Oge Holberg" (n'ụzọ nke ochie suites nke Bach na Handel); "Egwu egwu Symphonic" na isiokwu Norwegian, ụlọ ọrụ sitere na egwu gaa na ihe nkiri B. Bjornson "Sigurd Jorsalfar", wdg.

Ọrụ Grieg nwetara ngwa ngwa nye ndị na-ege ntị si mba dị iche iche, ugbua na 70s. nke narị afọ gara aga, ọ ghọrọ ọkacha mmasị ma banye n'ime ndụ egwu nke Russia. "Grieg jisiri ike nweta obi ndị Russia ozugbo na ruo mgbe ebighị ebi," Tchaikovsky dere. "N'egwú ya, nke na-adọrọ adọrọ na-adọrọ adọrọ, na-egosipụta ịma mma nke ọdịdị Norwegian, mgbe ụfọdụ n'ụzọ dị ebube na ịdị ebube, mgbe ụfọdụ isi awọ, obi umeala, jọgburu onwe ya, mana mgbe niile na-adọrọ mmasị maka mkpụrụ obi nke onye ugwu, enwere ihe dị anyị nso, ezigbo, ozugbo na-achọta azịza na-ekpo ọkụ na nke ọmịiko n'ime obi anyị.

I. Okhalova

• Ndụ Grieg na ọrụ →
• Piano Grieg na-arụ ọrụ →
• Ime ụlọ - akụrụngwa nke Grieg →
• Egwu na egwu Grieg →
• Akụkụ nke egwu ndị Norwegian na mmetụta ya na ụdị Grieg →

Ndụ na ụzọ okike

Edvard Hagerup Grieg mụrụ na June 15, 1843. Nna nna ya bụ ndị Scots (aha Greig). Ma nna m ochie birikwa na Norway, jee ozi dị ka onye nnọchiteanya Britain n'obodo Bergen; otu ọnọdụ ahụ ka nna onye na-ede egwú nọ. Ezinụlọ ahụ bụ egwu egwu. Nne - ezigbo onye pianist - kụziiri ụmụaka egwu n'onwe ya. Mgbe e mesịrị, na mgbakwunye na Edward, nwanne ya nwoke tọrọ John nwetara a ọkachamara musical agụmakwụkwọ (ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Leipzig Conservatory na cello klas na Friedrich Grützmacher na Karl Davydov).

Bergen, ebe Grieg mụrụ ma nọrọ oge ntorobịa ya, bụ onye ama ama maka omenala nka nka nke mba, karịsịa na mpaghara ihe nkiri: Henrik Ibsen na Bjornstjerne Bjornson malitere ọrụ ha ebe a; A mụrụ Ole Bull na Bergen ma dịrị ndụ ogologo oge. Ọ bụ ya bụ onye mbụ dọọrọ uche gaa na nkà egwu egwu pụtara ìhè nke Edward (nwata nwoke nke e dere site na afọ iri na abụọ) ma dụọ ndị mụrụ ya ọdụ ka ha kenye ya na Conservatory Leipzig, nke mere na 1858. N'oge ezumike dị mkpirikpi, Grieg nọrọ na Leipzig ruo 1862. . (N'afọ 1860, Grieg nwere ọrịa siri ike nke mebie ahụike ya: otu ngụgụ nwụnahụrụ ya.).

Grieg, na-enweghị obi ụtọ, mgbe e mesịrị chetara afọ nke conservatory agụmakwụkwọ, scholastic ozizi ụzọ, conservatism nke ndị nkụzi ya, ha kewapụrụ ndụ. N'ụda ọchị ọchị, ọ kọwara afọ ndị a, yana oge ọ bụ nwata, n'edemede onwe ya nke isiokwu ya bụ "Ọganihu Mbụ M Mbụ". Onye na-eto eto na-ede egwú nwetara ume nke “ịtụpụ yoke nke ihe mkpofu nile na-adịghị mkpa nke obere nzụlite ya n’ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ nyere ya,” bụ́ nke yiri egwu na ya ga-eme ka ọ daa n’ụzọ na-ezighị ezi. Grieg dere, sị: "N'ike a ka nzọpụta m dị, obi ụtọ m. "Mgbe m ghọtara ike a, ozugbo m ghọtara onwe m, achọpụtara m ihe m ga-achọ ịkpọ nke m. naanị nke ihe ịga nke ọma…”. Otú ọ dị, ọnụnọ ya na Leipzig nyere ya ọtụtụ ihe: ọkwa ndụ egwu n'obodo a dị elu. Ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị n'ime mgbidi nke conservatory, mgbe ahụ n'èzí ya, Grieg sonyeere music nke dịkọrọ ndụ composers, n'etiti ndị ọ kasị ekele Schumann na Chopin.

Grieg gara n'ihu na-emewanyewanye dịka onye na-ede egwú na etiti egwu nke Scandinavia mgbe ahụ - Copenhagen. Onye edemede Danish ama ama, onye na-enwe mmasị na Mendelssohn, Nils Gade (1817-1890) ghọrọ onye ndu ya. Ma ọbụna ọmụmụ ndị a emeghị ka afọ ju Grieg: ọ na-achọ ụzọ ọhụrụ na nkà. Nzukọ na Rikard Nurdrok nyere aka ịchọpụta ha - "dị ka a ga - asị na mkpuchi si n'anya m dapụ," ka o kwuru. Ndị na-eto eto na-ede egwú kwere nkwa inye ihe niile ha nwere maka mmepe nke mba Norwegian malite n'egwu, ha kwuputara mgba na-enweghị obi ebere megide "Scandinavizim" dị nro nke ịhụnanya, bụ nke mere ka o kwe omume ikpughe mmalite a. Ole Bull kwadoro nchọ ihe okike Grieg - n'oge njem ha na-eme njem na Norway, ọ malitere enyi ya na-eto eto na nzuzo nke nkà ndị mmadụ.

Ọchịchọ echiche ọhụrụ adịghị egbu oge imetụ ọrụ onye dere ya. Na piano "Humoresques" op. 6 na sonata op. 7, yana na violin sonata op. 8 na Overture "N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ" op. 11, egosipụtalarị njiri mara nke ụdị Grieg. Ọ na-emewanyewanye ha na oge ọzọ nke ndụ ya na Christiania (nke bụzi Oslo).

Site na 1866 ruo 1874, oge egwu egwu, ịrụ ọrụ na ide ihe na-aga n'ihu.

Laa azụ na Copenhagen, ya na Nurdrok, Grieg haziri ọha Euterpe, bụ nke setịpụrụ onwe ya ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ịkwalite ọrụ nke ndị na-eto eto na-egwu egwu. N'ịlaghachi n'ala nna ya, n'isi obodo Norway, Christiania, Grieg nyere egwu egwu na ihe omume ọha na eze ya. Dị ka onye isi nke Philharmonic Society, ọ na-achọ, tinyere oge ochie, ịkụnye n'ime ndị na-ege ntị mmasị na ịhụnanya maka ọrụ Schumann, Liszt, Wagner, onye a na-amabeghị aha ya na Norway, yana maka egwu nke egwu egwu. Ndị edemede Norwegian. Grieg rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye pianist na-arụ ọrụ nke ya, na-ejikọkarị ya na nwunye ya, onye na-abụ abụ ụlọ Nina Hagerup. Ihe omume egwu ya na agụmakwụkwọ gara n'ihu na ọrụ siri ike dịka onye na-ede egwú. Ọ bụ n'ime afọ ndị a ka o dere ama ama piano concerto op. 16, Violin Sonata nke abụọ, op. 13 (otu n'ime ihe ndị ọ hụrụ n'anya) wee malite ibipụta usoro akwụkwọ ndetu nke mpempe ụda olu, yana obere piano, ma egwu egwu na egwu ndị mmadụ.

Nnukwu ọrụ na-amịpụta mkpụrụ nke Grieg na Christiania, agbanyeghị, enwetaghị nkwado ọha kwesịrị ekwesị. O nwere ndị enyi mara mma na mgba mgba maka ịhụ mba n'anya ya maka nka mba onye kwuo uche ya - nke mbụ, onye na-ede egwú Svensen na onye edemede Bjornson (o jikọtara ya na nke ikpeazụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ nke ọbụbụenyi), kamakwa ọtụtụ ndị iro - ndị na-anụ ọkụ n'obi nke ochie. ndị jiri aghụghọ ha kpuchiri afọ ọ nọrọ na Christiania. N'ihi ya, enyemaka enyi Liszt nyere ya bụ ihe e ji echeta Grieg karịsịa.

Liszt, ebe o nwetara ọkwa nke abbot, biri n'ime afọ ndị a na Rom. Ọ maghị Grieg n'onwe ya, ma na njedebe nke 1868, ebe ọ maara onwe ya na Violin Sonata nke mbụ ya, site na ịdị ọhụrụ nke egwu ahụ, o zigara onye edemede akwụkwọ ozi na-anụ ọkụ n'obi. Akwụkwọ ozi a rụrụ nnukwu ọrụ na akụkọ ndụ Grieg: nkwado omume Liszt mere ka ọnọdụ echiche ya na nka dị ike. N'afọ 1870, ha zutere n'onwe ha. Ezigbo enyi na-emesapụ aka nke ihe niile nwere nkà na egwu ọgbara ọhụrụ, bụ ndị ji obi ụtọ na-akwado ndị na-achọpụta mba malite na okike, Liszt ji obi ụtọ nabata egwu egwu piano emechara nke Grieg na nso nso a. Ọ gwara ya, sị: “Nọgide na-aga, ị nwere data niile maka nke a, ma – ekwela ka ụjọ jide gị! ..."

N’ịgwa ezinụlọ ya banyere nzukọ ha na Liszt nwere, Grieg gbakwụnyere, sị: “Okwu ndị a baara m oké mkpa. Ọ dị ka ngọzi. Na ihe karịrị otu ugboro, na oge nke ndakpọ olileanya na obi ilu, m ga-echeta okwu ya, na-echeta nke awa a ga-akwado m na anwansi ike n'oge ule.

Grieg gara Italy na akwụkwọ mmụta steeti ọ nwetara. Afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, ya na Swensen, ọ natara ụgwọ ezumike nká ndụ site na steeti, nke napụtara ya na mkpa ọ dị inwe ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide. Na 1873, Grieg hapụrụ Christiania, na n'afọ sochiri ya biri na obodo ya Bergen. Na-esote, nke ikpeazụ, ogologo oge nke ndụ ya na-amalite, nke e ji nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na-emepụta ihe, amara ọha na eze n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ. Oge a na-emepe site na ịmepụta egwu maka egwu Ibsen "Peer Gynt" (1874-1875). Ọ bụ egwu a mere ka aha Grieg ama ama na Europe. Tinyere egwu maka Peer Gynt, piano ballad op dị egwu. 24, eriri quartet op. 27, suite "Site na oge Holberg" op. 40, usoro akwụkwọ ndetu nke iberibe piano na egwu olu, ebe onye na-ede egwú na-atụgharịkwuba na ederede nke ndị na-ede uri Norwegian, na ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Egwu Grieg na-enweta nnukwu ewu ewu, na-abanye n'egwuregwu egwu na ndụ ụlọ; A na-ebipụta ọrụ ya site na otu n'ime ụlọ obibi akwụkwọ German kachasị ama ama, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke njem egwu na-amụba. N'ịkwado uru nka ya, a họpụtara Grieg ka ọ bụrụ onye otu n'ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ: Swedish na 1872, Leiden (na Holland) na 1883, French na 1890, yana Tchaikovsky na 1893 - dọkịta nke Mahadum Cambridge.

Ka oge na-aga, Grieg na-ezere ndụ mkpọtụ nke isi obodo. N'ihe metụtara njem ahụ, ọ ga-aga Berlin, Vienna, Paris, London, Prague, Warsaw, ebe ọ nọ na Norway bi na ịnọrọ onwe ya, karịsịa n'èzí obodo (nke mbụ na Lufthus, na nso Bergen na ala ya, a na-akpọ Troldhaugen, na bụ, “Ugwu nke Trolls”); na-etinye ọtụtụ oge ya n'ichepụta ihe. Ma, Grieg anaghị akwụsị ọrụ egwu na mmekọrịta ọha na eze. Ya mere, n'ime afọ 1880-1882, ọ na-eduzi Harmony concert ọha na eze na Bergen, na 1898 ọ na-mere mbụ Norwegian music ememme (nke isii concerts) n'ebe ahụ. Ma n'ime ọtụtụ afọ, a ghaghị ịhapụ nke a: ahụike ya na-akawanye njọ, ọrịa pulmonary na-arịwanye elu. Grieg nwụrụ na Septemba 4, 1907. E mere ememe ncheta ọnwụ ya na Norway dị ka iru újú mba.

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Mmetụta ọmịiko miri emi na-eme ka ọdịdị nke Edvard Grieg - onye na-ese ihe na onye. N'ịbụ onye na-anabata ma dị nwayọọ n'imeso ndị mmadụ ihe, n'ọrụ ya, a na-eji eziokwu na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe mara ya, na, ọ bụghị itinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mba ahụ, ọ na-eme mgbe niile dị ka onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị kwenyesiri ike. Ọchịchọ nke ndị obodo ya bụ ihe kacha ya mkpa. Ọ bụ ya mere, n'ime afọ mgbe ọchịchọ pụtara ná mba ọzọ, nke mmetụta ọjọọ metụrụ, Grieg mere dị ka otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu. ezi uche ndị na-ese ihe. "Ana m emegide ụdị "isms niile," ka o kwuru, na-arụrịta ụka na ndị Wagnerians.

N'ime edemede ya ole na ole, Grieg na-ekwupụta ọtụtụ mkpebi ikpe mara mma. Ọ na-ehulata n'ihu onye amamihe nke Mozart, ma n'otu oge ahụ na-ekwere na mgbe ọ zutere Wagner, "nke a zuru ụwa ọnụ ọgụgụ isi, onye mkpụrụ obi na-anọgide na-adabaghị na ọ bụla philistinism, gaara enwe obi ụtọ dị ka nwata na niile ọhụrụ mmeri na ubi nke. ihe nkiri na egwu egwu." JS Bach maka ya bụ "nkume nkuku" nke nka nke oge a. Na Schumann, ọ na-enwe ekele karịa "ụda na-ekpo ọkụ na nke sitere n'obi" nke egwu ahụ. Na Grieg na-ewere onwe ya dị ka onye òtù nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Schumannian. A penchant maka melancholy na daydreaming na-eme ka ọ metụtara egwu German. “Otú ọ dị, anyị na-ahọrọ idoanya na nkenke,” ka Grieg na-ekwu, “ọbụna okwu mkparịta ụka anyị na-edo anya na nke ziri ezi. Anyị na-agba mbọ nweta nghọta na nkenke na nka anyị. " Ọ na-achọta ọtụtụ okwu ọma maka Brahms, wee malite edemede ya na ebe nchekwa Verdi na okwu ndị a: "Onye ukwu ikpeazụ ahapụla ...".

Mmekọrịta ịhụnanya pụrụ iche jikọtara Grieg na Tchaikovsky. Nkwekọrịta nke onwe ha weere ọnọdụ na 1888 wee ghọọ mmetụta ịhụnanya miri emi, ka Tchaikovsky kọwara, "site na mmekọrịta dị n'ime obi nke ọdịdị egwu abụọ." O degaara Grieg, sị: “Obi dị m ụtọ na emetela m enyi gị. Ma ya onwe ya rọrọ nrọ maka nzukọ ọzọ "n'ebe ọ bụla: na Russia, Norway ma ọ bụ n'ebe ọzọ!" Tchaikovsky kwuputara mmetụta nkwanye ugwu ya n'ebe Grieg nọ site n'ịrara ya Hamlet echiche efu. O nyere nkọwa dị ịrịba ama nke ọrụ Grieg na nkọwapụta onwe ya nke njem ná mba ọzọ na 1888.

"N'egwú ya, nke jupụtara na obi ụtọ na-atọ ụtọ, na-egosipụta ịma mma nke ọdịdị Norwegian, mgbe ụfọdụ n'ụzọ dị ebube na ịdị ebube, mgbe ụfọdụ isi awọ, obi umeala, jọgburu onwe ya, mana mgbe niile na-adọrọ mmasị maka mkpụrụ obi nke onye ugwu, enwere ihe dị anyị nso, ezigbo, ozugbo hụrụ na obi anyị bụ a na-ekpo ọkụ, ọmịiko nzaghachi … Olee otú ịhụnanya na ahuhu na ya ụtọ nkebi ahịrịokwu, – Tchaikovsky dere n'ihu, – ole isi ihe na-eti ndụ n'ime ya nkwekọ, ole originality na maa mma mbụ ya witty, piquant. modulations na n'usoro, dị ka ihe ọ bụla ọzọ, na-akpali mgbe niile, ọhụrụ, mbụ! Ọ bụrụ na anyị gbakwunye na àgwà ndị a niile na-adịghị ahụkebe zuru oke, dị iche na ọkaibe na pretensions ọ bụla ... mgbe ahụ ọ bụghị ihe mgbagwoju anya na onye ọ bụla hụrụ Grieg n'anya, na ọ na-ewu ewu n'ebe niile! ..."

M. Druskin

Ngwakọta:

Piano na-arụ ọrụ naanị ihe dịka 150 Ọtụtụ Iberibe Obere (op. 1, bipụtara 1862); 70 dị na 10 "Akwụkwọ ndetu Lyric" (nke e bipụtara site na 1870s ruo 1901) Ọrụ ndị bụ isi gụnyere: Sonata e-moll op. 7 (1865) Ballad n'ụdị dị iche iche op. 24 (1875)

Maka piano aka anọ Mpekere Symphonic op. egwu iri na anọ na Norwegian op. 35 Waltzes-Caprices (iberibe 2) op. 37 Norse Romance ochie nwere ọdịiche op. 50 (enwere mbipụta orchestral) 4 Mozart sonatas maka 2 pianos 4 aka (F-dur, c-moll, C-dur, G-dur)

Egwu na egwu na mkpokọta - nke ebipụtara mgbe emechara - ihe karịrị 140

Ụlọ ngwá ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ Violin Sonata nke mbụ na F-dur op. 8 (1866) Violin nke abụọ Sonata G-dur op. 13 (1871) violin sonata nke atọ na c-moll, op. 45 (1886) Cello sonata a-moll op. 36 (1883) eriri quartet g-moll op. 27 (1877-1878)

Symphonic na-arụ ọrụ "N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ", machie op. 11 (1865-1866) Piano Concerto a-moll op. 16 (1868) 2 egwu elegiac (dabere na egwu nke aka ya) maka ụbọ akwara, op. 34 “Site na oge Holberg”, suite (iberibe ise) maka egwu egwu egwu, op. 5 (40) 1884 suites (mkpokọta 2 iberibe) site na egwu gaa na egwu G. Ibsen “Peer Gynt” op. 9 na 46 (mbubreyo 55s) 80 egwu egwu (dabere na egwu nke aka ya) maka ụbọ akwara, op. 2 53 iberibe ndị egwu si “Sigurd Iorsalfar” op. 3 (56) 1892 egwu Norwegian maka eriri egwu egwu, op. 2 Egwu egwu Symphonic na motif Norwegian, op. 63

Ọrụ ụda na symphonic egwu ihe nkiri "N'ọnụ ụzọ nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk" maka olu nwanyị - solo na ukwe - na ndị egwu, op. 20 (1870) “Nbịara ụlọ” maka olu nwoke - solo na ukwe - na egwu egwu, op. 31 (1872, mbipụta nke abụọ - 2) Nọrọ naanị maka baritone, string orchestra na mpi abụọ op. 1881 (32) Egwu maka Ibsen's Peer Gynt, op. 1878 (23-1874) "Bergliot" maka nkwupụta ya na ndị egwu egwu op. 1875 (42–1870) Ihe nkiri sitere na Olaf Trygvason maka ndị otu soloist, ukwe na ndị egwu egwu, op. 1871 (50)

Ndi choro Album maka egwu nwoke (otu iri na abụọ) op. Abụ ọma iri atọ na anọ nye abụ ọma Norwegian maka agwakọta ukwe cappella nwere baritone ma ọ bụ bass op. 12 (4)

Edemede edemede N'ime isiokwu ndị e bipụtara bụ ndị bụ isi: "Wagnerian arụmọrụ na Bayreuth" (1876), "Robert Schumann" (1893), "Mozart" (1896), "Verdi" (1901), autobiographical edemede "My mbụ ịga nke ọma" (1905). XNUMX)