Willem Mengelberg (Mengelberg, Willem) |

Mengelberg, Willem

Onye nduzi Dutch sitere na German. Willem Mengelberg nwere ike ịkpọ onye nchoputa nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Dutch nke na-eduzi, yana ịrụ ọrụ egwu. Ruo kpọmkwem ọkara narị afọ, aha ya na Concertgebouw Orchestra dị na Amsterdam nwere njikọ chiri anya, ndị otu ya na-eduzi site na 1895 ruo 1945. Ọ bụ Mengelberg bụ onye gbanwere mkpokọta a (nke tọrọ ntọala na 1888) ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ndị egwú kacha mma n'ụwa.

Mengelberg bịara Concertgebouw ndị egwu egwu, nweelarị ahụmahụ dị ka onye nduzi. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Cologne Conservatory na piano ma na-eduzi, ọ malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nduzi egwu na Lucerne (1891 - 1894). N'ime afọ ndị ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, ọ dọọrọ uche gaa n'onwe ya site n'imere ọtụtụ okwu ndị na-agụ egwú, bụ́ ndị a na-adịghị agụnyekarị n'usoro ihe omume ọbụna site n'aka ndị nduzi kwesịrị nsọpụrụ. Obi ike na talent nke onye nduzi na-eto eto nwetara ụgwọ ọrụ: ọ natara onyinye dị ùgwù nke ukwuu iji were ọkwa nke onye isi nke ndị egwu egwu Concertgebouw. Ọ dị naanị iri abụọ na anọ n'oge ahụ.

Site na nzọụkwụ mbụ, talent nke onye na-ese ihe malitere ito eto. Ọganihu nke ndị egwu egwu site n'afọ ruo n'afọ bịara na-esiwanye ike ma na-esiwanye ike. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, Mengelberg malitere ime njem nlegharị anya nke onwe ya, nke dịgasị iche iche nke na-agbasawanye ma n'oge na-adịghị anya kpuchiri ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụwa dum. Ugbua na 1905, ọ na-eduzi na nke mbụ na America, ebe e mesịrị - site na 1921 ruo 1930 - ọ na-eme njem kwa afọ na nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma, na-arụ ọrụ na National Philharmonic Orchestra na New York ruo ọtụtụ ọnwa n'usoro. Na 1910, o mere ngosi mbụ ya na La Scala, dochie Arturo Toscanini. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ rụrụ na Rome, Berlin, Vienna, St. Petersburg, Moscow ... Site 1907 ruo 1920 ọ bụkwa onye na-adịgide adịgide eduzi nke Museum Concerts na Frankfurt na, na mgbakwunye, na afọ dị iche iche duru Royal Philharmonic Orchestra na London.

Site na mgbe ahụ ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ, a na-ewere Mengelberg dị ka otu n'ime ndị nduzi kacha mma n'oge ya. Ihe kachasị elu nke onye na-ese ihe jikọtara ya na nkọwa nke ọrụ ndị na-ede egwú nke narị afọ XIX - mmalite nke narị afọ nke XX: Tchaikovsky, Brahms, Richard Strauss, bụ onye raara ya nye ya "Life of Hero" na karịsịa Mahler. Ọtụtụ ihe ndekọ nke Mengelberg mere laa azụ n'ime afọ iri atọ echekwawo anyị nkà nke onye nduzi a. Site na ezughị okè teknụzụ ha niile, ha na-enye echiche nke nnukwu ike dị egwu, oke ọkụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ na omimi nke arụmọrụ ya na-egosipụta mgbe niile. Mengelberg n'otu n'otu, maka mmalite ya niile, enweghị oke mba - egwu nke ndị mmadụ dị iche iche ejiri eziokwu na-adịghị ahụkebe wegara ha, ezi nghọta nke agwa na mmụọ. Enwere ike ikwenye na nke a site na ịmara, karịsịa, na usoro ndekọ nke Philips wepụtara na nso nso a n'okpuru aha "Historical Recordings of V. Mengelberg". Ọ gụnyere ndekọ nke egwu egwu Beethoven niile, Symphony Mbụ na German Requiem nke Brahms, egwu abụọ ikpeazụ na egwu maka Schubert's Rosamund, egwu egwu Mozart anọ, egwu Franck na Strauss's Don Giovanni. Ihe ndekọ ndị a na-agbakwa akaebe na njirimara kachasị mma nke Concertgebouw Orchestra bụ onye a ma ama ugbu a - njupụta na ikpo ọkụ nke ụda, ike nke ikuku ikuku na okwu nke eriri - etolitekwara n'oge Mengelberg.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek