Vibraphone: ihe ọ bụ, mejupụtara, akụkọ ihe mere eme, dị iche na xylophone

Vibraphone bụ ngwa ịgba egwu nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na omenala egwu jazz na United States.

Gịnị bụ vibraphone

Nhazi – metallophone. A na-etinye aha glockenspiel n'ihe eji egwu igwe nwere ọkwa dị iche iche.

N'èzí, ngwa ahụ yiri ngwa ahụigodo, dị ka piano na pianoforte. Ma ha anaghị eji mkpịsị aka na-egwu ya, ma hama pụrụ iche.

A na-ejikarị vibraphone eme egwu jazz. Na egwu oge gboo, ọ nọ n'ọkwa nke abụọ n'ime ngwa mkpọ ahụigodo kacha ewu ewu.

Nhazi ngwaọrụ

Owuwu nke ahụ yiri xylophone, mana ọ nwere ọdịiche. Ihe dị iche dị na ahụigodo. Igodo dị na efere pụrụ iche nwere wiil na ala. Igwe ọkụ eletrik na-anabata mkpịsị ugodi ma na-arụ ọrụ agụba, omume nke na-emetụta ụda na-ama jijiji. A na-emepụta ịma jijiji site na mkpirisi tubular resonators.

Ngwá ọrụ nwere damper. Emebere akụkụ ahụ iji mebie ma mee ka ụda a na-akpọ dị nro. A na-ejikwa pedal dị na ala nke ekwentị vibra.

Ejiri aluminium mee ahụigodo metallophone. A na-egbutu oghere n'ogologo mkpịsị ugodi na njedebe.

A na-emepụta ụda ahụ site na ịpị hama na igodo. Ọnụ ọgụgụ hammers bụ 2-6. Ha dị iche na ọdịdị na isi ike. Ụdị isi okirikiri kachasị ewu ewu. Ka hama ahụ dị arọ, ka egwu na-ada ụda ga-ada ụda.

Ọkọlọtọ n'iji ya gee ntị bụ nso nke octave atọ, site na F ruo n'etiti C. A na-ahụkarị octaves anọ. N'adịghị ka xylophone, vibraphone abụghị ngwa ntụgharị. N'ime 30s nke narị afọ gara aga, ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta soprano metallophones. Timbre nke ụdị soprano bụ C4-C7. E belatara ụdị "Deagan 144", a na-eji kaadiboodu nkịtị mee ihe dị ka ndị na-emegharị ihe.

Na mbụ, ndị na-egwu egwu na-akpọ vibraphone ka ha guzoro. Site na mmepe nke teknụzụ, ụfọdụ vibraphonists malitere igwu egwu mgbe ha nọ ọdụ, ka ha wee nwee ike iji ụkwụ abụọ mee ihe na pedals. Na mgbakwunye na pedal damper, pedal mmetụta a na-ejikarị na guitar eletrik abanyela.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke vibraphone

Ngwá egwu mbụ a na-akpọ "Vibraphone" na-ere na 1921. Ụlọ ọrụ America Leedy Manufacturing na-edozi ntọhapụ ahụ. Ụdị nke mbụ nke metallophone nwere ọtụtụ obere ọdịiche na ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ. Ka ọ na-erule 1924, ngwá ọrụ ahụ juru ebe nile. Ọ bụ hit "Gypsy Love Song" na "Aloha Oe" nke onye na-ese ihe nkiri bụ Luis Frank Chia mere ka ndị mmadụ mara mma.

Ihe a ma ama nke ngwá ọrụ ọhụrụ ahụ mere ka eziokwu ahụ bụrụ na na 1927 JC Deagan Inc kpebiri ịmepụta metallophone yiri ya. Ndị injinia Deagan edepụtaghị usoro nke onye asọmpi kpamkpam. Kama nke ahụ, ewebatara mmezi dị ịrịba ama. Mkpebi iji aluminum kama ígwè dị ka isi ihe na-eme ka ụda dịkwuo mma. Ntugharị abụrụla nke dabara adaba. A na-etinye pedal damper na akụkụ ala. Ụdị Deagan ngwa ngwa gafere ma dochie onye bu ya ụzọ.

N'afọ 1937, e mere mgbanwe nhazi ọzọ. Ụdị "Imperial" ọhụrụ ahụ gosipụtara oghere octave abụọ na ọkara. Ụdị ndị ọzọ nwetara nkwado maka mmepụta mgbama eletrọnịkị.

Mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị, vibraphone gbasara na Europe na Japan dum.

Ọrụ na egwu

Kemgbe mmalite ya, vibraphone abụrụla akụkụ dị mkpa nke egwu jazz. N'afọ 1931, onye isi egwu Lionel Hampton dekọtara egwu "Les Hite Band". Ekwenyere na nke a bụ nke mbụ studio nke nwere a vibraphone. Hampton mechara bụrụ onye otu Goodman Jazz Quartet, ebe ọ gara n'ihu na-eji glockenspiel ọhụrụ.

Onye na-ede egwú Austrian bụ Alban Berg bụ onye mbụ jiri ụda vibra na egwu egwu egwu egwu. Na 1937, Berg mere opera Lulu. Onye na-ede egwú French bụ Olivier Messiaen ji metallophone gosi ọtụtụ akara. Otu n'ime ọrụ nke Messiaen bụ Tuarangalila, Nnwogha nke Jizọs Kraịst, Saint Francis nke Assisi.

Onye edemede Russia bụ Igor Stravinsky dere "Requiem Canticles". Ngwakọta agwa site n'iji ụda mkpọtụ siri ike.

N'afọ ndị 1960, onye na-agba ụda Gary Burton nwetara ewu ewu. Onye na-egwu egwu gosipụtara onwe ya site n'ichepụta ihe ọhụrụ na mmepụta ụda. Gary mepụtara usoro nke iji osisi anọ na-egwuri egwu n'otu oge, 2 kwa aka. Usoro ọhụrụ ahụ mere ka o kwe omume ịkpọ egwu dị mgbagwoju anya na ụdị dị iche iche. Ụzọ a agbanweela echiche nke ngwá ọrụ ka ọ dị ntakịrị.

Ezigbo Mmasị

Vibraphone emelitere sitere na Deagan na 1928 nwere aha gọọmentị "vibra-harp". Aha ahụ sitere na mkpịsị ugodi ndị a haziri kwụ ọtọ, bụ́ nke mere ka ngwá ọrụ ahụ yie ụbọ akwara.

A na-ede abụ Soviet "Moscow Evenings" site na iji ụda mkpọtụ. Mpụta mbụ nke abụ ahụ mere na fim ahụ "N'oge Spartakiad" na 1955. Eziokwu na-adọrọ mmasị: ihe nkiri ahụ amataghị, ma egwu ahụ nwetara nnukwu ewu ewu. Ihe mejupụtara ahụ nwetara amara ama ama mgbe mmalite nke mgbasa ozi na redio.

Onye na-ede egwú Bernard Herrmann ji vibraphone na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ụda ụda nke ọtụtụ ihe nkiri. N'ime ọrụ ya bụ eserese "451 degrees Fahrenheit" na ndị na-akpali akpali nke Alfred Hitchcock.