Otu egwuregwu opera

A na-akpọ opera nke nwere otu ihe nkiri otu opera. Enwere ike kewaa ihe omume a na foto, ihe nkiri, ngosipụta. Ogologo oge nke opera dị otú ahụ dị obere karịa nke ọtụtụ omume. N'agbanyeghị nha ya dị ntakịrị, opera n'otu omume bụ akụkụ egwu zuru oke nke nwere ihe nkiri na ihe nlere anya mepere emepe, a na-ejikwa ụdị ya dị iche iche. Dị ka opera “nnukwu”, ọ na-amalite site na mwepu ma ọ bụ mmeghe ma nwee ọnụọgụ solo na mkpokọta.

Agbanyeghị, opera otu-act nwere njirimara njirimara ya:

Ihe Nlereanya:

Otu ihe omume opera na narị afọ nke 17-18. na-emekarị n'oge nkwụsị nke nnukwu operas; n'ụlọ ikpe, yana n'ụlọ ihe nkiri. Isi ihe dị n'etiti ngosipụta egwu egwu nke obere opera mbụ bụ ihe na-agụgharị, na site na etiti narị afọ nke 18. aria na-atụgharị ya n'azụ. The recitative na-arụ ọrụ nke engine nke ibé na njikọ n'etiti ensembles na aria.

Site na Glück ruo Puccini.

Na 50s XVIII narị afọ HW Gluck dere abụọ mara mma ụtọ otu omume operas: na, na P. Mascagni, otu narị afọ mgbe e mesịrị, na-enye ụwa a ịrịba opera nke obere ụdị. Mmụba nke ụdị na mmalite nke narị afọ nke XNUMX. D. Puccini kpalitere mmasị na ya na onye na-ede egwú na-emepụta otu operas nke dabeere na egwuregwu nke otu aha site na D. Gold,,; P. Hindemith na-ede opera na-atọ ọchị. Enwere ọtụtụ ihe atụ nke obere ụdị opera.

Akụkọ banyere ihe mere otu nwanyị a ma ama nke mụrụ nwa n'alụghị di ma gaa n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk chegharịa bụ ihe ndabere nke nkata nke Puccini's opera "Sister Angelica". N'ịbụ onye mụtara banyere ọnwụ nwa ya nwoke, Nwanna nwanyị Angelica na-aṅụ nsi, ma ọ ghọtara na igbu onwe ya bụ mmehie jọgburu onwe ya nke na-agaghị ekwe ka ọ hụ nwatakịrị ahụ n'eluigwe, kpaliri heroine ahụ ikpegara Virgin Mary ekpere maka mgbaghara. Ọ na-ahụ Nwa agbọghọ Nsọ na oghere nke ụka, na-edu nwa nwoke nwere ntutu isi n'aka, wee nwụọ n'udo.

Nwanne nwanyị Angelica dị egwu dị iche na opera Puccini ndị ọzọ. Naanị olu ụmụ nwanyị na-ekere òkè na ya, na naanị na mpaghara ikpeazụ ka a na-anụ ukwe ụmụ nwoke (“Ndị mmụọ ozi Choir”). Ọrụ a na-eji stylization nke ukwe ụka nwere akụkụ, usoro polyphony siri ike, na mgbịrịgba nwere ike ịnụ n'ime ndị egwu egwu.

Ihe ngosi nke mbụ na-emepe nke ọma - site n'ekpere, na-esonyere ụda akụkụ, mgbịrịgba na mgbịrịgba nke nnụnụ. Foto nke abalị - intermezzo symphonic - ga-adabere n'otu isiokwu ahụ. A na-akwụ ụgwọ nlebara anya na opera ka ịmepụta ihe ngosi uche dị nro nke isi agwa. N'ọrụ nke Angelica, a na-egosipụta ihe nkiri dị oke egwu mgbe ụfọdụ n'okwu mkpu na-enweghị ụda ọ bụla.

Otu operas nke ndị na-ede egwú Rọshịa.

Ndị na-ede egwú Rọshịa a ma ama emepụtala ọtụtụ opera mara mma nke nwere ụdị dị iche iche. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị ha kere bụ nke lyrical-dị egwu ma ọ bụ lyrical direction (dịka ọmụmaatụ, "Boyaryna Vera Sheloga" nke NA Rimsky-Korsakov, "Iolanta" site Tchaikovsky, "Aleko" site Rachmaninov, wdg), kamakwa a obere ụdị. opera na-atọ ọchị - Ọ bụghị ihe ọhụrụ. Ọ BỤRỤ na Stravinsky dere opera n’otu omume dabeere n’abụ Pushkin bụ́ “Obere Ụlọ dị na Kolomna,” bụ́ nke na-ese foto nke ógbè Russia ná mmalite narị afọ nke 19.

Onye isi agwa nke opera, Parasha, na-eyi onye hụrụ ya n'anya uwe, hussar na-akụda mmụọ, dị ka onye na-esi nri, Mavra, ka o wee nwee ike ịnọnyere ya wee kwụsị enyo nke nne ya siri ike. Mgbe ekpughere aghụghọ ahụ, "isi nri" na-agbapụ na windo, Parasha na-agbapụkwa mgbe ọ gasịrị. A na-enye mmalite nke opera "Mavra" site na ihe ndị mara mma: ihe nkiri ịhụnanya nke obodo mepere emepe, egwu gypsy, operatic aria-lamento, egwu egwu, na kaleidoscope egwu a dum na-etinye n'ime parody-grotesque ọwa. arụ ọrụ.

Obere opera ụmụaka.

Opera otu-act dabara nke ọma maka nghọta ụmụaka. Ndị na-ede egwú oge gboo dere ọtụtụ opera dị mkpụmkpụ maka ụmụaka. Ha na-adịru site na nkeji 35 ruo ntakịrị ihe karịrị otu awa. M. Ravel tụgharịrị gaa na opera ụmụaka n'otu omume. O kere ọrụ mara mma, "Nwa ahụ na Ime Anwansi," banyere nwa nwoke na-enweghị uche nke na-achọghị ịkwado ihe omume ụlọ akwụkwọ ya, na-egwu egwu iji kpasuo nne ya iwe. Ihe ndị o mebiworo na-adị ndụ ma na-eyi onye ntọrị ahụ egwu.

Na mberede, adaeze pụtara na ibe akwụkwọ, na-akọcha nwa okoro ahụ wee pụọ. Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ na-anọgide na-agwa ya ọrụ ndị a kpọrọ asị. Nwa nwamba na-egwu egwu pụtara, Nwatakịrị ahụ wee soro ha banye n'ogige ahụ. Ebe a osisi, anụmanụ na ọbụna a mmiri ozuzo puddle ndị kpasuru ya iwe mkpesa banyere obere prankster. Ihe e kere eke a kpasuru iwe na-achọ ịmalite ọgụ, na-achọ ịbọ ọbọ n'ahụ nwa nwoke ahụ, ma na mberede, ha na-amalite ọgụ n'etiti onwe ha. Nwatakịrị egwu na-akpọ mama m. Mgbe squirrel dara ngwọrọ dara n'ụkwụ ya, nwata nwoke ahụ kechie n'ụkwụ ya na-egbu mgbu wee daa ike ọgwụgwụ. Onye ọ bụla na-aghọta na nwa ahụ emewo ka ọ dịkwuo mma. Ndị so na ihe omume na-eburu ya, buru ya gaa n'ụlọ ma kpọọ mama m.

Egwu nke onye na-ede egwú ji eme ihe bụ ihe ejiji na narị afọ nke 20. Egwuregwu Boston Waltz na egwu foxtrot na-enye ihe dị iche na mbụ n'ụdị egwu egwu na usoro ọzụzụ atụrụ. A na-anọchi anya ihe ndị a na-eme ka ọ dị ndụ site na isiokwu ngwá ọrụ, na ndị na-emetere nwatakịrị ahụ ọmịiko na-enye abụ olu ụtọ. Ravel na-eji onomatopoeia mee ihe n'ụra (ịkpọ anụ nwamba na ịhịa aka n'ahụ, mgbaka nke frogs, ime elekere elekere na mgbanaka nke iko gbajiri agbaji, ịgbagharị nku nnụnụ, wdg).

Opera nwere ihe ịchọ mma siri ike. The duet nke cluumy Arm oche na cutesy Couch na-egbuke egbuke - na uda nke a minuet, na Duet nke Cup na Teapot bụ foxtrot na pentatonic mode. The grotesque, nkwusi okwu ukwe na egwu nke onu ogugu enwere ugbua, nwere a palpable galloping rhythm. Ihe ngosi nke abụọ nke opera bụ nnukwu waltzing - site na elegiac siri ike ruo na-atọ ọchị.