Nazib Zhiganov |

Nazib Zhiganov

Abụ, n'ime mkpụrụ obi m, etoola m mkpụrụ gị…

Ahịrị a sitere na "Moabit Notebook" nke Musa Jalil nwere ike ịsị na egwu enyi ya na onye mmekọ ihe okike N. Zhiganov. N'ikwesị ntụkwasị obi na ntọala nka nke egwu ndị Tatar, ọ chọtara ụzọ mbụ na nke na-amị mkpụrụ maka mmekọrịta ndụ ya na ụkpụrụ okike nke oge ochie egwu ụwa. Ọ bụ na ntọala a ka ọrụ nkà ya na nke mbụ ya toro - 8 operas, 3 ballet, 17 symphonies, nchịkọta nke piano piano, songs, romances.

Zhiganov mụrụ n'ime ezinụlọ na-arụ ọrụ. Ebe nne na nna ya nwụnahụrụ ya n'oge, ọ nọrọ ọtụtụ afọ n'ụlọ ụmụ mgbei. N'ịbụ onye dị ndụ na ume, Nazib pụtara n'ụzọ pụtara ìhè n'etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ nke Ural Pioneer Commune site n'ikike egwu ya pụtara ìhè. Ọchịchọ maka ọmụmụ ihe siri ike na-eduga ya na Kazan, ebe 1928 nabatara ya na kọleji Musical Kazan. N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1931, Zhiganov ghọrọ nwa akwụkwọ na Moscow Regional Music College (ugbu a Music School na Moscow Conservatory). Creative ihe ịga nke ọma kwere Nazib, na nkwanye nke N. Myaskovsky, na 1935 ka ọ ghọọ afọ atọ na-amụrụ na Moscow Conservatory na klas nke ya bụbu onye nkụzi, Prọfesọ G. Litinsky. Akara nke isi ọrụ ndị e kere na Conservatory afọ tụgharịrị bụrụ anyaụfụ: na 1938, na mbụ symphony concert, nke meghere Tatar State Philharmonic, mbụ Symphony ya rụrụ, na June 17, 1939, mmepụta nke opera. Kachkyn (The Fugitive, lib. A Fayzi) mepere Tatar State Opera na Ballet Theatre. Onye na-agụ egwú na-akpali akpali nke omume dike nke ndị mmadụ n'aha nke Motherland - na isiokwu a, na mgbakwunye na "Kachkyn", na-etinye aka na operas "Irek" ("Freedom", 1940), "Ildar" (1942). , "Tyulyak" (1945), "Namus" ("Sọpụrụ, 1950), - onye na-ede egwú na-egosipụta n'ụzọ zuru ezu nke a bụ isi isiokwu maka ya na ya elu ọrụ - na akụkọ ihe mere eme na kpara opera "Altynchach" ("Golden-Haired", 1941, libre. M. Jalil) na n'ime opera-abụ "Jalil" (1957, lib. A. Faizi). Abụọ na-arụ ọrụ captivate na mmetụta uche na nke uche omimi na ezi obi eziokwu nke music, na nkwupụta ụda olu na-echebe mba ndabere, na a nkà Nchikota nke mepere emepe na integral Mpaghara na irè site symphonic development.

Nnukwu onyinye nke Zhiganov na Tatar symphonism nwere njikọ chiri anya na opera. Egwu egwu egwu "Kyrlai" (dabere na akụkọ ifo "Shurale" nke G. Tukay), ihe ngosi dị egwu "Nafisa", akwụkwọ akụkọ Symphonic na egwu Symphonic, 17 symphonies, na-ejikọta ọnụ, a na-aghọta dị ka isiakwụkwọ na-egbuke egbuke nke symphonic. akụkọ ihe mere eme: ihe oyiyi nke akụkọ ndị maara ihe na-adị ndụ n'ime ha, mgbe ahụ, a na-ese foto ndị na-adọrọ adọrọ nke ọdịdị ala, mgbe ahụ, ọgụ nke ọgụ ndị dike na-apụta, mgbe ahụ egwu na-adọta n'ime ụwa nke mmetụta lyrical, na ngosipụta nke ndị mmadụ-ụbọchị ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ọdịdị dị egwu. dochie ya okwu nke dị ịrịba ama climaxes.

Credo okike, njirimara nke echiche nke onye na-ede egwú Zhiganov, bụ ihe ndabere maka ọrụ nke Kazan Conservatory, ihe okike na njikwa nke e nyere ya na 1945. N'ime ihe karịrị afọ 40, ọ na-eduzi ọrụ nke ịkụziri ndị ọkachamara dị elu na ya. ụmụ akwụkwọ.

N'ihe atụ nke ọrụ Zhiganov, a na-ekpughe nsonaazụ nke ọgba aghara n'ezie na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke omenala egwu pentatonic na mbụ nke mba kwụụrụ onwe ya na mpaghara Volga, Siberia na Urals. Ibe akwụkwọ kachasị mma nke ihe nketa okike ya, jupụtara na nchekwube na-eme ka ndụ, àgwà ndị mmadụ na-egbuke egbuke nke asụsụ egwu, ewerela ebe kwesịrị ekwesị n'ebe a na-edebe akụ nke oge ochie egwu Tatar.

Ee. Girshman

Ngwakọta:

opera (ụbọchị mmepụta, ihe niile dị na Tatar Opera na Ballet Theatre) - Kachkyn (Beglets, 1939), Irek (Cvoboda, 1940), Altynchach (Zolotovolosaya, 1941), Poet (1947), Ildar (1942, 2nd ed. - Road Pobedy). , 1954), Tyulyak (1945, 2nd ed. - Tyulyak na Cousylu, 1967), Hamus (Chest, 1950), Jalil (1957); ballet – Fatih (1943), Zyugra (1946), akụkọ ifo abụọ (Zyugra na Hzheri, 1970); cantata – My Republic (1960); maka orchestra - 4 symphonies (1937; 2nd - Sabantuy, 1968; 3rd - Lyric, 1971; 4th, 1973), uri egwu Kyrlay (1946), Suite on Tatar folk themes (1949), Symphonic songs (1965) , Nafis Overture (1952) , Akwụkwọ akụkọ Symphonic (1964), ụlọ-ngwaọrụ, piano, olu olu; ihunanya, egwu, wdg.