André Cluytens |
André Cluytens
Ọ dị ka akara aka n'onwe ya butere Andre Kluitens n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. Ma nna nna ya na nna ya bụ ndị nduzi, ma ya onwe ya malitere dị ka onye pianist, na-agụsị akwụkwọ na Antwerp Conservatory mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii na klas E. Boske. Kluiten wee sonye na Royal Opera House dị ka onye na-eso pianist na onye ntụzi ukwe. Ọ na-ekwu ihe na-esonụ banyere mpụta mbụ ya dị ka onye nduzi, sị: “Adị m afọ 21 mgbe otu Sunday, nna m, bụ́ onye nduzi nke otu ihe nkiri ahụ, dara ọrịa na mberede. Ihe a ga-eme? Sunday - ihe nkiri niile na-emeghe, ndị nduzi niile na-arụsi ọrụ ike. Onye nduzi ahụ kpebiri ime ihe na-enweghị isi: o nyere onye na-eto eto na-eso ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe ize ndụ. “Ndị na-achọ Pearl” nọ na… N'ikpeazụ, ndị ọchịchị Antwerp niile kwupụtara n'otu ọnụ: Andre Kluytens bụ onye nduzi a mụrụ. Nwayọọ nwayọọ, amalitere m ịnọchite anya papa m n’ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala; mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na ụlọ ihe nkiri n'oge agadi ya, m mechara were ọnọdụ ya.
N'afọ ndị sochirinụ, Kluitens rụrụ naanị dị ka onye na-eduzi opera. Ọ na-eduzi ihe nkiri na Toulouse, Lyon, Bordeaux, na-enweta nkwanye ùgwù siri ike na France. N'afọ 1938, ikpe ahụ nyeere onye na-ese ihe aka ime mpụta mbụ ya na egwu egwu egwu: na Vichy, ọ ga-enwe ihe nkiri sitere na ọrụ Beethoven kama Krips, bụ onye amachibidoro ịhapụ Austria nke ndị Germany ji. N'ime afọ iri sochirinụ, Kluytens mere ihe ngosi opera na egwu egwu na Lyon na Paris, bụ onye mbụ rụrụ ọtụtụ ọrụ site n'aka ndị edemede France - J. Francais, T. Aubin, JJ Grunenwald, A. Jolivet, A. Busse, O. Messiaen, D. Millau na ndị ọzọ.
Oge ezumike nke ọrụ okike nke Kluytens na-abịa na njedebe nke iri anọ. Ọ na-aghọ onye isi nke Opera Comique Ụlọ ihe nkiri (1947), na-eduzi na Grand Opera, na-edu ndị egwú nke Society of Concerts nke Paris Conservatory, na-eme ka ogologo mba ọzọ njegharị na-ekpuchi Europe, America, Asia na Australia; o nwere nsọpụrụ nke ịbụ onye nduzi French mbụ a kpọrọ oku ka ọ rụọ na Bayreuth, na kemgbe 1955 ọ pụtala ihe karịrị otu ugboro na console nke Bayreuth Theatre. N'ikpeazụ, na 1960, a gbakwunyere otu aha ọzọ n'ọtụtụ utu aha ya, ikekwe ọ kachasị amasị onye na-ese ihe - ọ ghọrọ onye isi nke National Symphony Orchestra na obodo ya Belgium.
Ihe nkiri nke onye na-ese ihe buru ibu ma dị iche iche. Ọ bụ onye ama ama dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri operas na ọrụ symphonic nke Mozart, Beethoven, Wagner. Ma ịhụnanya nke ọha mmadụ wetara Cluytens nke mbụ nkọwa nke egwu French. Na repertoire ya - ihe niile kachasị mma nke ndị na-ede akwụkwọ French kere n'oge gara aga na ugbu a. Ihe ngosi nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri bụ ihe mara mma nke French, amara na ịma mma, ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na ịdị mfe nke usoro ịme egwu. E gosipụtara àgwà ndị a n'ụzọ doro anya n'oge onye nduzi ahụ mere njem ugboro ugboro na mba anyị. Ọ bụghị n'efu ka ọrụ Berlioz, Bizet, Franck, Debussy, Ravel, Duke, Roussel jigidere ebe etiti na mmemme ya. Achọpụtara nkatọ n'ụzọ ziri ezi na nka ya "ịdị mkpa na omimi nke ebumnuche nka", "ikike ịdọrọ ndị otu egwu egwu", kwuru na "plastic, nke ziri ezi na ngosipụta ya." "N'ịgwa anyị okwu n'asụsụ nka," I. Martynov dere, "ọ na-ewebata anyị kpọmkwem n'ụwa echiche na mmetụta nke ndị na-ede egwú. All n'aka ya elu ọkachamara nkà na-subordinated na nke a.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek
