Alto saxophone: nkọwa nke ngwá, mejupụtara, ụda, akụkọ ihe mere eme, eme

Na mgbede okpomọkụ, na-enwe mmasị na ọdịda anyanwụ, ma ọ bụ na njem dị anya site na Moscow gaa St. Naanị saxophone na-ada ụda nke ọma - ngwá ọrụ egwu nke na-ebelata nhụjuanya, na-eduga n'ihu, na-ekwe nkwa ọṅụ na mmasị, na-ebu amụma chi ọma.

Overview

Saxophone nwere ezinụlọ buru ibu, ya bụ, e nwere ọtụtụ ụdị ngwá ọrụ ikuku a, nke dị iche na ụda na ụda. Ugbu a, a na-ewere ụdị 6 dị ka ndị a na-ahụkarị:

• A sopranino bụ obere akwụkwọ nke nnukwu soprano, nke yiri ụda na clarinet.
• Soprano saxophone nwere ọdịdị gbagọrọ agbagọ na ụda na-ekwupụta olu soprano.
• The alto saxophone bụ ngwá ọrụ mbụ kasị ewu ewu nke nwere ụda yiri olu mmadụ, na-eji obi ya na-ekwu banyere mwute, ọṅụ, na olileanya.
• The tenor saxophone bụ ngwá ọrụ buru ibu, n'ihi ụda mara mma nke ọ na-ewu ewu na jazz.
• Saxophone Baritone - na-eme akụkụ egwu virtuoso.
• Bass saxophone – amatara dị ka nna ukwu n'ịkpọ ụda na ndekọ dị ala, nke a na-ebelata iji ngwa na orchestrations.

Adolf Sachs na mbụ kere ụdị ngwá ọrụ iri na anọ, ma taa ọ bụghị ha niile na-eji palette ụda kacha mma chọọ ndụ anyị mma.

Ngwaọrụ ngwaọrụ

N'agbanyeghị obere nha ya, alto saxophone na-ewu ewu na ndị na-egwu egwu na-eme ma oge gboo na nke jazz.

Alt nwere usoro dị mgbagwoju anya. Ndị omenkà na-esi n'akụkụ ndị e mebere iche na-achịkọta ngwá ọrụ na-eme ụda dị ịtụnanya na-akpaghasị obi.

Ọkụ dị n'ụdị cone, na-agbasa n'otu akụkụ - ahụ nke saxophone nwere usoro valve-lever - site n'ebe dị anya dị ka àgwà nke onye na-ese anwụrụ esthete. N'akụkụ ahụ gbatịrị agbatị, ahụ na-abanye n'ime mgbịrịgba, na akụkụ dị warara, site n'enyemaka nke esca, a na-ejikọta ya na ọnụ okwu ọnụ, nke na-ahụ maka ụda ụda ma dị ka nhazi nke ọnụ ọnụ clarinet. A na-eji rọba, ebonite, plexiglass ma ọ bụ ọla mee ihe maka imepụta ya.

A na-akpọ mmewere nke saxophone nke na-emepụta ụda olu. Site n'enyemaka nke ligature - obere olu akwa, a na-ejikọta ahịhịa amị ahụ n'ọnụ. N'oge a, akụkụ a na-ejikarị ihe eji eme ihe, ma dị mma, a ga-eji osisi mee ihe. A na-eji ahịhịa amị sitere na ndịda France mee okpete ahụ.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke saxophone na onye okike ya

Na 2022, ọ ga-abụ afọ 180 kemgbe onye isi egwu Belgian Antoine-Joseph Sachs (Adolf Sax) mepụtara ngwa maka otu ndị agha. Kpọmkwem, e mepụtara ụdị ngwá ọrụ 14 dị iche iche na nha na ụda. Alto saxophone bụ nke kacha ewu ewu na ezinụlọ a.

Ngwá egwu ndị a nwere ọtụtụ ihe isi ike: a machibidoro ha iwu na Germany n'ihi enweghị mmalite nke Aryan, na na USSR, a na-ewere saxophones dị ka ihe mmewere nke ọdịbendị nke onye iro echiche, ma machibidokwa ha iwu.

Ma ka oge na-aga, ihe niile gbanwere, ugbu a kwa afọ ndị saxophonists si n'ụwa nile na-ezukọ na Dinant ka ha na-eme njem n'okporo ámá na mgbede, ọkụ ọkụ na-enwu, si otú a na-asọpụrụ onye okike nke ngwá egwú.

N'obodo Denau, ebe amụrụ Sax, e wuru ihe ncheta nke nna ukwu ukwu, na ihe oyiyi nke saxophone nwere ike ịhụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, ụlọ mmanya na cafes gburugburu ụwa.

Kedu ka alto saxophone si ada ụda?

Ụda ndị a na-eme na viola anaghị ekwekọ mgbe niile na ụda ndetu e nyere na akara. A kọwara nke a site n'eziokwu na ụda ụda nke saxophone gụnyere ihe karịrị octave abụọ ma kewaa ya na ndekọ. Nhọrọ nke ndekọ dị elu, nke etiti na nke dị ala na-ekpebi akụkụ egwu a na-egwu.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ụda ndekọ ndekọ elu na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè. Enwere ike ịnụ mkpu ụda dị ala naanị site na ọkà okwu. Ma nkwekọ nke ụda na-emepụta echiche na-agaghị echefu echefu nke otu egwu egwu. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị a bụ naanị ihe ngosi nke ihe mejupụtara jazz. A naghị ejikarị Alto saxophone eme ihe na ndị egwu egwu.

Ndị na-eme ihe ama ama

Enwere ọtụtụ asọmpi egwu jazz maka ndị saxophonists gburugburu ụwa. Mana nke bụ isi na-eme na Belgium na obodo Denau. Ndị ọkachamara na-atụle ya na asọmpi Tchaikovsky.

Ndị meriri n'asọmpi ndị a bụ ndị egwuregwu dịka: Charlie Parker, Kenny Garrett, Jimmy Dorsey, Johnny Hodges, Eric Dolphy, David Sanborn, Anthony Braxton, Phil Woods, John Zorn, Paul Desmond. Otu n'ime ha bụ aha Russian saxophonists: Sergei Kolesov, Georgy Garanyan, Igor Butman na ndị ọzọ.

Dị ka onye nnọchi anya na-egbuke egbuke nke ngwa egwu jazz, saxophone ga-anọkarị ebe a na-achị. Ọ na-enwe ike ịnagide ọrụ oge gboo dị ka akụkụ nke egwu egwu ma kpuchie oke ihunanya na mmetụta nke ndị ọbịa cafe. Ebe ọ bụla ụda ya na-adọrọ adọrọ ga-ewetara ndị mmadụ obi ụtọ.