Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke bọtịnụ accordion development
ọdịnaya
Bayan bụ ngwa ikuku ikuku, mana n'otu oge ahụ ọ bụkwa ngwa egwu keyboard. Ọ dịtụ "na-eto eto" na-agbanwe agbanwe mgbe niile. Site na okike ya ruo taa, bọtịnụ accordion enweela ọtụtụ mgbanwe na ndozi.
Ụkpụrụ nke mmepụta ụda, nke a na-eji na ngwá ọrụ, mara ihe karịrị puku afọ atọ. A na-eji ire igwe na-agbagharị na iyi ikuku na ngwa egwu Chinese, Japanese na Lao. Karịsịa, a na-eji usoro a na-ewepụta ụda egwu na ngwa ndị China - sheng.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke bọtịnụ accordion malitere site na oge mbụ a manyere ire ọla nke na-eme ka ụda na-ama jijiji site na ikuku na-eduzi ọ bụghị site na ngụgụ nke onye na-egwu egwu, kama site na ajị anụ pụrụ iche. (banyere otu ihe eji eme oji). Ụkpụrụ a nke ọmụmụ nke ụda bụ ntọala nke ngwaọrụ nke ngwá egwú.
Ònye chepụtara bọtịnụ accordion? Ọtụtụ ndị nna ukwu nwere nkà keere òkè na ịmepụta bọtịnụ accordion n'ụdị nke anyị maara ya. Ma na mmalite, ndị nna ukwu abụọ na-arụ ọrụ n'adabereghị na ibe ha: onye na-ahụ maka akụkụ German Friedrich Buschmann na onye isi Czech František Kirchner.
Kirchner laa azụ na 1787 tụpụtara echiche nke ịmepụta ngwa egwu, nke dabere na ụkpụrụ nke mmegharị oscillatory nke efere ígwè na kọlụm nke ikuku mmanye na-eji ụlọ ajị anụ pụrụ iche. O mekwara ihe atụ nke mbụ.
Bushman, n'aka nke ọzọ, ji ire na-emegharị ahụ dị ka ndụdụ na-emegharị ihe iji na-emegharị akụkụ ahụ. Naanị enyemaka nke ngụgụ ya ka ọ na-agbapụta ụda ziri ezi, bụ nke na-adịghị mma nke ukwuu iji na-arụ ọrụ. Iji mee ka usoro ntuzigharị ahụ dị mfe, Bushman haziri usoro nke jiri ụda olu pụrụ iche nwere ibu.
Mgbe e meghere usoro ahụ, ibu ahụ bilitere wee jiri ịdị arọ nke aka ya kpoo ụlọ ajị anụ ahụ, nke na-eme ka ikuku abịakọrọ maa jijiji ire ọla dị na igbe resonator pụrụ iche ruo ogologo oge. N'ikpeazụ, Bushman gbakwunyere olu ndị ọzọ na nhazi ya, nke a na-akpọ ọzọ. Ọ na-eji usoro a naanị maka imezi akụkụ ahụ.
Na 1829, onye na-emepụta akụkụ Viennese Cyril Demian nakweere echiche nke ịmepụta ngwá egwú na ahịhịa amị na ụlọ ajị anụ. O kere ngwa egwu dabere na usoro Bushman, nke nwere igodo abụọ nọọrọ onwe ha na ajị n'etiti ha. Na igodo asaa nke ahụigodo ziri ezi, ị nwere ike ịkpọ egwu, na igodo aka ekpe - bass. Demian kpọrọ ngwá ọrụ ya aha accordion, tinye akwụkwọ ikike maka mmepụta ihe ahụ, ma n'otu afọ ahụ malitere ịmepụta ma ree ha.
Nke mbụ accordions na Russia
N'ihe dị ka n'otu oge ahụ, ngwá ọrụ yiri ya pụtara na Russia. N'oge okpomọkụ nke 1830, Ivan Sizov, onye isi ngwá agha na mpaghara Tula, nwetara ngwá ọrụ dị egwu na ngosi - accordion. Mgbe ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ, o wepụrụ ya ma hụ na ịrụ harmonica dị nnọọ mfe. O meziri ngwá ọrụ yiri nke ahụ n'onwe ya wee kpọọ ya accordion.
Dị nnọọ ka Demian, Ivan Sizov ejedebeghị onwe ya na-eme otu oyiri nke ngwá, na n'ụzọ nkịtị afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, a factory mmepụta nke accordion malitere na Tula. Ọzọkwa, ihe okike na nkwalite nke ngwá ọrụ enwetawo àgwà a ma ama n'ezie. Tula bụ onye ama ama maka ndị omenkà ya, a ka na-ewerekwa Tula accordion dị ka ọkọlọtọ nke ịdị mma taa.
"Ọfọn, kedu ebe bọtịnụ accordion dị?" – ị na-ajụ. Nke mbụ accordions bụ kpọmkwem ụzọ nke bọtịnụ accordion. Akụkụ bụ isi nke accordion bụ na a na-emegharị ya n'ụzọ dị nro ma nwee ike igwu naanị n'otu igodo isi ma ọ bụ obere. Nke a zuru oke maka ịhazi mmemme ndị mmadụ, agbamakwụkwọ na ntụrụndụ ndị ọzọ.
N'ime ọkara nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke XNUMX, accordion nọgidere bụrụ ngwá ọrụ ọdịnala n'ezie. Ebe ọ bụ na ọ kabeghị mgbagwoju anya na nhazi ya, yana ihe atụ nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke accordion, ndị omenkà n'otu n'otu mekwara ya.
Na Septemba 1907, Pyotr Sterligov onye isi St. Sterligov kpọrọ accordion ya accordion, na-asọpụrụ Boyan, onye na-agụ egwú na-agụ egwú nke oge ochie nke Russia.
Ọ bụ site na 1907 ka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmepe nke accordion bọtịnụ nke oge a malitere na Russia. Ngwá ọrụ a na-aghọ nke ukwuu nke na ọ na-enye ohere ka onye na-egwu egwu na-egwu egwu na ya ma egwu ndị mmadụ na nhazi ha, yana nhazi nke ọrụ oge ochie.
Ugbu a, ndị ọkachamara na-ede egwú na-ede ihe mbụ maka bayan, ndị egwuregwu accordion adịghịkwa ala karịa ndị na-egwu egwu nke ọkachamara ndị ọzọ n'ihe gbasara ọkwa nkà na ụzụ na ngwá ọrụ. N'ime nanị otu narị afọ, e hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ mbụ e ji akpọ ngwá egwú.
N'oge a niile, bọtịnụ accordion, dị ka accordion, ka ndị mmadụ na-ahụ n'anya: agbamakwụkwọ na-adịghị ahụkebe ma ọ bụ ememe ndị ọzọ, karịsịa n'ime ime obodo, na-eme na-enweghị ngwá ọrụ a. Ya mere, bọtịnụ accordion kwesịrị inweta aha nke ngwá ọrụ ndị Russia.
Otu n'ime ọrụ ndị a ma ama maka accordion bụ "Ebe obibi ndị mọnk Ferapontov" nke Vl. Zolotarev. Anyị na-akpọ gị òkù ka ị gee ya ntị nke Sergei Naiko mere. Egwu a dị egwu, mana ọ na-atọ ụtọ nke ukwuu.
Onye edemede bụ Dmitry Bayanov
